Hypoxia enhances buffalo adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells proliferation, stemness, and reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells.

Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) from livestock are valuable resources for animal reproduction and veterinary therapeutics. Previous studies have shown that hypoxic conditions were beneficial in maintaining the physiological activities of ASCs. However, the effects of hypoxia on buffalo ASCs (bASCs) remain unclear.