The Newborn Infant Parasympathetic Evaluation Index for Assessment of Procedural Pain and Discomfort in Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Intensive Care Patients: A Prospective, Exploratory, Observational Study.

Background: The heart rate variability-based Newborn Infant Parasympathetic Evaluation (NIPE) Index is a continuous noninvasive tool for the assessment of pain and discomfort in infants. Little is known about its performance in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) setting, where assessment of pain/discomfort is usually based on discontinuous observational scoring systems or personal experience of medical staff.

Aim: Evaluation of the performance of NIPE as an indicator of procedural pain and/or discomfort in conscious mechanically ventilated PICU patients.

Effect of written and video discharge instructions on parental recall of information about analgesics in children: a pre/post-implementation study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether written and video instructions improved the recall of how to use analgesics correctly in parents of children discharged following assessment in the emergency department (ED).

Methods: This was a prospective pre- and post-implementation study set in the EDs of a tertiary teaching hospital and an urban general hospital in the Netherlands. The participants were parents/carers of children under 12-years-old who had been assessed in and subsequently discharged from the ED.