MRI evaluation of axillary neurovascular bundle: Implications for minimally invasive proximal humerus fracture fixation.

Background: Percutaneous fixation of proximal humeral fractures places the axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery at risk for injury. Safe operative zones for the axillary nerve are described based on external measurements from anatomic landmarks, but no study to date has incorporated advanced imaging to help guide surgical procedures in the region of the axillary neurovascular bundle (ANVB). We sought to define the location and trajectory of the ANVB in relation to osseous landmarks using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements.

Early Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Prophylactic and Acute Pathologic Fracture Treatment.

Introduction: Pathologic fractures often contribute to adverse events in metastatic bone disease, and prophylactic fixation offers to mitigate their effects. This study aims to analyze patient selection, complications, and in-hospital costs that are associated with prophylactic fixation compared with traditional acute fixation after completed fracture.

Materials And Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was queried from 2002 to 2014 for patients with major extremity pathologic fractures.