Gallbladder Follicular Lymphoma Mimicking Gallbladder Cancer.

Background/aim: Enlarged polypoid gallbladder lesions should first be evaluated to rule out gallbladder cancer. Gallbladder lymphoma rarely develops, and gallbladder follicular lymphoma is seldom observed.

Case Report: The case of a 70-year-old man with an enlarged polypoid gallbladder lesion and stable-sized multiple enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes is reported.

Presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum in relation to patient survival and an acidic environment in oesophagogastric junction and gastric cancers.

Background: Fusobacterium nucleatum inhabits the oral cavity and affects the progression of gastrointestinal cancer. Our prior findings link F. nucleatum to poor prognosis in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma via NF-κB pathway.

Hepatic hemangioma in a simple liver cyst mimicking biliary cystic neoplasm.

Background: Follow-up is recommended for an asymptomatic unilocular hepatic cystic lesion without wall-thickness and nodular components. A few liver cystic lesions represent biliary cystic neoplasms, which are difficult to differentiate from simple cysts with benign mural nodules on imaging alone.

Case Presentation: An 84-year-old woman with a history of simple liver cyst diagnosed one year prior was admitted for evaluation of a developed mural nodule in the cystic lesion.

Surgery for Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Macroscopic Vascular Invasion in the Era of Modern Molecular Therapy.

It has been reported that patients with macroscopic vascular invasion accompanying hepatocellular carcinoma have a poor prognosis. Modern molecular therapy with multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown promising results in patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma; however, molecular therapy is limited to patients with Child-Pugh class A disease. This review summarizes the present status of surgical therapies, including conversion hepatectomy, for patients with MVI in the developing era of novel molecular therapy.

A Laparoscopically Treated Case of Peritoneal Dissemination Mimicking Liver Metastases from Distal Cholangiocarcinoma Four Years After the Initial Pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background/aim: Operable peritoneal dissemination from distal cholangiocarcinoma after pancreaticoduodenectomy is rare. Furthermore, peritoneal dissemination mimicking liver metastasis has scarcely been reported.

Case Report: An 81-year-old woman received pancreaticoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma.

Successful Treatment of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma With Liver/Lung Metastasis and Peritoneal Dissemination After Liver Resection.

Background/aim: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is increasing in incidence and has a poor prognosis.

Case Report: A 79-year-old woman with two liver tumors was referred to our institution. The tumors demonstrated irregular margins and continuous peripheral enhancement.

Highly Advanced Colorectal Liver Metastases Successfully Treated With Fluorouracil Plus Leucovorin Monotherapy and Microwave Ablation.

Background: Fluorouracil plus leucovorin (5-FU/LV) is a less toxic but mild chemotherapy.

Case Report: A 63-year-old male patient with rectal cancer and multiple colorectal liver metastases (CRLM, total volume of 1,826 ml) was hospitalized. He had several poor prognostic factors, including elevated levels of tumor markers, with carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels of 17,119 ng/ml and 7,617 U/ml, respectively.

Far-advanced Colorectal Liver Metastases Successfully Managed With Modified ALPPS and Radiofrequency Ablation in Combination With Chemotherapy.

Background: Large numbers of synchronous colorectal liver metastases are associated with poor prognosis.

Case Report: A 47-year-old male patient with rectal cancer and unresectable colorectal liver metastases (over 15 cm in diameter and over 30 metastases) was treated with a multidisciplinary treatment including systemic chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6/panitumumab and surgical therapies (colostomy, modified associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy together with radiofrequency ablation). For solitary recurrent colorectal liver metastases, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation with chemoembolization and open radiofrequency ablation in combination with the same systemic chemotherapy was performed.

A Case Report of Metachronous Multiple Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Colon Over-expressing PD-L1 and a Literature Review.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women, and one of the more widely recognized preventable cancers. Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the colon/rectum is an uncommon disease that consists of both glandular and squamous components, and the most common site of ACS is the right and transverse colon.

Case Report: Here, we present the case of a 78-year-old woman, who complained of abdominal pain.

Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Coexisting With Multiple Bile Duct Adenoma Treated as Liver Metastasis from a Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor.

Background: Bile duct adenomas (BDA) may be precursor lesions of small duct-type, including mass-forming type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Case Report: A 68-year-old woman was transferred to our facility for the treatment of a liver tumor, possibly metastasized from a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Finally, two liver tumors were resected and histopathologically diagnosed as "BDA" and "ICC with a BDA-like component".

Laparoscopic Surgery for a Patient With Multiple Liver Metastases of Unknown Origin Concomitant With Gallbladder Tumor.

Background: The liver is the digestive organ where metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site is most often observed.

Case Report: A 74-year-old man was diagnosed with a growing gallbladder tumor and multiple liver tumors limited to the left lateral sector. Liver tumors were suggested to be primary or secondary adenocarcinoma with no relation to the gallbladder tumor.

Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor Mimicking Malignant Tumor With Rare Onset of Intra-abdominal Hemorrhage.

Background: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor (HIPT) is an uncommon benign tumor-like mass that mimics malignant tumors.

Case Report: A 73-year-old man was admitted with severe epigastric pain and high fever. He had received choledocojejunostomy.

Cholangiolocarcinoma With Multiple Recurrences Successfully Treated With Repeated Liver Resection and Radiofrequency Ablation.

Background/aim: The prognosis of cholangiolocarcinoma, a rare malignant liver tumor derived from hepatic progenitor or stem cells, is considered relatively good; however, it frequently recurs. We herein present the diagnosis, histological findings, and treatment of cholangiolocarcinoma.

Case Report: A 65-year-old woman with a large liver tumor (70 mm in diameter) was referred.

Huge hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic collateral arteries successfully treated by multidisciplinary treatment including laparoscopic devascularization: a case report.

Multidisciplinary treatment is recommended for the management of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Some operative decollateralization of extrahepatic feeding arteries with laparotomy have been introduced for HCC. We herein newly develop laparoscopic devascularization (LDEV) to continue transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for HCC with extrahepatic collateral arteries.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Extensive Cancer-associated Thrombosis Successfully Treated With Liver Resection and Direct Oral Anticoagulant: A Case Report.

Aim: To assess the utility of the perioperative use of direct oral anticoagulants for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with cancer-associated thrombosis.

Case Report: An 83-year-old woman was admitted with a solitary HCC (10-cm diameter), as well as with multiple sites of venous thromboembolism and macroscopic portal vein tumor thrombosis. She had appropriate liver function without viral hepatitis, triple-positive tumor markers, and secondary polycythemia.

Complete Removal of Adrenal Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Indocyanine Green Fluorescent Imaging.

Aim: Our aim was to confirm the utility of Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging for intraoperative detection of adrenal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis.

Case Report: An 83-year-old man with a right adrenal HCC metastasis was admitted after complete remission of primary HCC and a metachronous left adrenal metastasis. He was treated with ICG fluorescence-guided limited resection to preserve adrenal function.

A hepatic sclerosed hemangioma with drastic changes in contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.

Hepatic sclerosed hemangioma is a rare benign liver tumor that originated from hepatic cavernous hemangioma; however, the process of its formation has been unclear. We herein present the patient of a histologically proven hepatic sclerosed hemangioma that showed drastic changes in diagnostic images in a short period. A 56-year-old man was referred to our hospital for the treatment of suspicious hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis C, approximately 2 cm in diameter in liver segment 8.

Hepatic Xanthogranuloma that Originated from a Liver Cyst and Mimicked a Malignant Tumor.

Background/aim: Hepatic xanthogranuloma is a very rale disease and formation process is unknown.

Case Report: A 69-year-old woman previously diagnosed as simple liver cyst. Two years before, a 36-mm liver cyst was found in segment 5, while one year later, the hemorrhagic cyst was 40 mm in diameter and a thin septum had formed.

Risk factors for pulmonary morbidities after minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Background: Pulmonary morbidities after esophagectomy are still common and are a major cause of surgery-related mortality. The relationship between minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) and pulmonary morbidities is not clear. The current study aimed to examine the incidence of pulmonary morbidities after MIE and to clarify the associated risk factors.

A case of occult intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma diagnosed by autopsy.

Cancer of unknown primary is associated with unknown biology and dismal prognosis. The most common primary sites of cancer of unknown primary were usually the lungs in autopsy studies, and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is rare. We describe the case of a 57-year-old male patient with systemic lymph node metastasis.

Significance of lymphadenectomy with splenectomy in radical surgery for advanced (pT3/pT4) remnant gastric cancer.

Background: To date, the optimal surgical strategy for remnant gastric cancer has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to clarify the significance of lymphadenectomy with splenectomy in remnant gastric cancer surgery.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Kumamoto Regional Medical Center.

Determination of the oxidative stress biomarker urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine by automated on-line in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

A simple and sensitive method for the determination of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative DNA damage in human urine, was developed using automated on-line in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with stable isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Creatinine was also analyzed simultaneously to normalize urine volume by the in-tube SPME LC-MS/MS method, and 8-OHdG and creatinine were separated within 3 min using a Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C8 column. Electrospray MS/MS for these compounds was performed on an API 4000 triple quadruple mass spectrometer in the positive ion mode by multiple reaction monitoring.