Effects of alternate-day fasting on high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in rat skeletal muscle.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of alternate-day fasting (ADF) on insulin-stimulated glucose transport activity in skeletal muscle in rats fed a high-fat diet.

Main Methods: Male Wistar rats were placed on a high-fat diet (n=24) or standard chow diet (Chow, n=12) for 10weeks. Rats fed the high-fat diet were separated into two groups after 4weeks.

Change in PGC-1α expression in rat skeletal muscle after low-intensity prolonged swimming exercise.

After 6-h low-intensity swimming exercise (LIE), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator -1α (PGC-1α) in whole and nuclear fractions in rat skeletal muscle was higher than the control rats' muscles up to 18 h after LIE. However, no study has reported change in PGC-1α content after that. Therefore, we measured PGC-1α in whole and nuclear fractions in rat skeletal muscle up to 24 h after LIE.

A DIGE proteomic analysis for high-intensity exercise-trained rat skeletal muscle.

Exercise training induces various adaptations in skeletal muscles. However, the mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we conducted 2D-DIGE proteomic analysis, which has not yet been used for elucidating adaptations of skeletal muscle after high-intensity exercise training (HIT).

Effects of nonexhaustive bouts of high-intensity intermittent swimming training on GLUT-4 expression in rat skeletal muscle.

We previously reported that 14 bouts of exhaustive high-intensity intermittent training [20 s periods of swimming while carrying a weight (14% of body weight), separated by pauses of 10 s] is the highest stimuli in terms of exercise training-induced glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) expression in rat epitrochlearis (EPI) muscles. In the present study, we found that the GLUT-4 protein content in the skeletal muscle of male Sprague-Dawley rats (age 5 weeks old; body weight 90-110 g) that underwent intermittent exercise training of 3 and 14 bouts of 20 s swimming for 5 days was increased over age-matched sedentary control rats by 75 and 71%, respectively, 18 h after the last bout of exercise. These results suggest that GLUT-4 content in rat EPI muscle increases dramatically after very short (60 s) and nonexhaustive high-intensity intermittent exercise training.

Effect of running training on DMH-induced aberrant crypt foci in rat colon.

Purpose: We examined the effects of treadmill-running training on the induction of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), which is the first step of colon cancer induction, in the colonic mucosa of rats injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH).

Methods: Four-week-old F344 rats (N = 38) were randomly assigned to training (19 rats) and control (19 rats) groups. After a week, all rats were given DMH (20 mg.