[Surgical correction of urogenital sinus in girls].

Aim: To analyze the diagnostics results and surgical outcomes in girls with congenital urogenital sinus.

Materials And Methods: A total of 9 girls with urogenital sinus were evaluated and treated in the clinical base of the Department of Hospital Pediatric Surgery with a course of oncology at TashPMI during the period from 2009 to 2019.

Results: The results of diagnostics and treatment of 9 patients with various forms of urogenital sinus are presented.

[Features of clinical picture and diagnostic aspects of intestional rotation and fixation disorders in children].

Clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods of particular anatomical variants of intestinal rotation and fixation disorders were discussed by the authors in 208 children of different age groups. There was revealed the tendency to reduce rotation abnormalities diversity with the increase of age group. At the same time the frequency of occurrence of the colon fixation anomalies characterized by chronic recurrent process and progressing colostasis was enlarged.

[Indications and results of colostomy for anorectal malformations in girls].

On the basis of an analysis of 122 cases the authors present options on the strategy and methods of operations depending on the anatomical patterns, the degree of anorectal malformations and the type of coexisting pathology, the technique of placing unnatural anus. Preference is given to a one-stage surgical method, the indications to the graded treatment with the formation of colostomy are described in detail.

[Sexual specificity of change of pancreatic alpha-amylase activity in rats in cadmium intoxication].

It was shown that the activity of alpha-amylase in the pancreas tissue, intestine content and blood, as well as kinetic characteristics in different substratum concentration changed in males and females after unitary oral administration of chloride cadmium in the dose 5 mg/kg. It was revealed that, after a single administration of chloride cadmium, growth of the pancreas weight, contents of protein and activity of alpha-amylase in the pancreatic tissue increased with parallel reduction of activity of enzyme in the small intestine. In acute cadmium intoxication, functional reorganizations in the pancreas are identical to initial stages of carcinogenic shifts.

[Activity of digestive enzymes in offspring of rats fed a ration contaminated by heavy metals during lactation].

Is was shown the consumption of heavy metal's salts with food by lactating rats, essential influences on formation of mechanisms of cavity and membrane digestive in offspring. This influence is shown in repression of activity of pancreatic alpha-amylase and enteral saccrase, maltase as well as in induction of lactase activity in growing rats.

[The efficacy of organ-preserving operations on the spleen in portal hypertension in children].

Under analysis are results of treatment of 38 children with liver cirrhosis. Operations were performed in 25 patients, in 13 children decompensating shunts were put between the vessels of the splenic and left renal veins. Based on the assessment of the clinical effect the authors made a conclusion that in children with portal hypertension and symptoms of hypersplenism the creation of a spleno-renal anastomosis with the retained spleen is an effective measure and considerably reduced risk of postoperative complications.

[The combination of hepatitis with different etiologies and developmental defects of the biliary tract].

Anamnestic, clinical and morphological data presented concern 34 children with malformations of excretory bile ducts (15 with atresia of intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, 12 with atresia of distal regions of the external bile ducts, 7 with cystic dilatation of ductus choledochus). Analysis of operation material revealed the presence of hepatitis in 30 cases including 16 cases with giant cell hepatitis associated with malformations. Intrauterine hepatitis B was found in 24 cases, herpetic hepatitis in 2 cases and Mycoplasma-related hepatitis in 3 cases (one of them in combination with hepatitis B).

[Cystic anomalies of the external bile ducts in children].

Observations of 44 patients aged from 20 days to 15 years were used for making a classification of cystic anomalies of bile ducts. The method of choice for the operative intervention is creation of cystoduodenoanastomosis with resection of the gallbladder. A stable effect in remote terms of treatment can be obtained by endoscopic sanitation of the zone of cystoduodenoanastomosis.

[Surgical treatment of developmental anomalies of the gallbladder and chronic cholecystitis in children].

The authors report on the diagnosis, therapeutic tactics, the results of morphological studies, and the late-term results of surgery for developmental anomalies of the gallbladder and chronic cholecystitis with organic disorders of bile drainage in 53 children aged from 5 to 15 years. The findings of morphological studies showed that among the causes of impaired bile drainage developmental anomalies of the gallbladder were encountered much more frequently than chronic cholecystitis. Indications for operation were developed on the basis of clinical data and the results of auxiliary methods of examination.

[Cases of mass karakurt bites in Uzbekistan].

In 1981-1984 in Uzbekistan (the Navoi and Khorezm Provinces, the Karakalpak ASSR) 463 cases of bites by Latrodectus tredecimguttatus have been registered (372 cases, in 1983). The highest number of bites was observed at the end of May and the first half of July. Mild and subacute intoxications prevailed.

[Diagnosis and treatment of cholelithiasis in children].

At the period of from 1965 to 1988, the authors observed 20 children with cholelithiasis. Among the patients, the number of girls was predominant. Operated on were 13 patients.

[Chronic acalculous cholecystitis in children].

Based upon literature data and an analysis of immediate and remote results of treatment of 50 children with acalculous cholecystitis the authors point to the advisability of operative interventions in patients with organic disturbances of the bile outflow. An analysis of the clinical picture, effects of the conservative therapy and results of subsidiary investigations enabled the authors to establish indications to surgery. The surgical methods must be determined by the character of pathology of the gallbladder, bile ducts and concomitant diseases.