Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
February 2024
MiRNAs are a large group of non-coding RNAs which participate in different cellular pathways like inflammation and oxidation through transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation. In the post-transcriptional regulation, miRNA interacts with the 3'-UTR of mRNAs and prevents their translation. This prevention or dysregulation can be a cause of pathological conditions like diabetic complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common bone neoplasms in adolescents. Notable short- and long-term toxic effects of OS chemotherapy regimens have been reported. Hence, new chemotherapeutic agents with the ability to potentiate OS chemotherapy drugs and protect non-tumorous tissues are required.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have received particular attention in the last decade due to its engaging in carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a lncRNA that plays physiological and pathological roles in many aspects of genome function as well as biological processes involved in cell development, differentiation, proliferation, invasion, and migration. In this article, we will review the effects of lncRNA MALAT1 on the progression of six prevalent human cancers by focusing on MALAT1 ability to regulate post-transcriptional modification and signaling pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis review summarizes and addresses non-coding RNAs (rRNA, tRNA, Vault and Y RNA, snRNA, and miRNA) cytoplasmic decay pathways, the molecules, enzymes, and modifications such as uridylation, which play vital roles in the degradation processes in various eukaryotic organisms. Plus, SIRT1's role in fundamental cellular processes, including autophagy, DNA repair, DNA damage response (DDR), and the molecular mechanisms, is explored. Further, the HuR (an RNA-binding protein) impact on the expression of genes following DNA damage, and the pathways that regulate HuR function, which is through phosphorylation by Chk1/Cdk1 and Chk2, are specified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTelomerase is a nucleoprotein reverse transcriptase that maintains the telomere, a protective structure at the ends of the chromosome, and is active in cancer cells, stem cells, and fetal cells. Telomerase immortalizes cancer cells and induces unlimited cell division by preventing telomere shortening. Immortalized cancer cells have unlimited proliferative potential due to telomerase activity that causes tumorigenesis and malignancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemo-resistance remains a considerable obstacle encountered in osteosarcoma (OS) therapy. Evidence has implied that a reduction in the expression of microRNAs (miRs/miRNAs) leads to exacerbated chemo-resistance. Hence, to better understand the role of miR-192 in the pathogenesis of OS during methotrexate (MTX) treatment, we restore miR-192 in the MG-63 cells and investigate the mechanisms, which are associated with MTX-resistance in OS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular orientation plays a critical role in controlling carrier transport in organic semiconductors (OSCs). However, this aspect has not been explored for surface doping of OSC thin films. The challenge lies in lack of methods to precisely modulate relative molecular orientation between the dopant and the OSC host.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2020
Dynamic-template-directed assembly is a promising method to enhance molecular ordering and electronic properties of solution-coated polymer semiconductor thin films over a large area. In this work, we establish that multicomponent dynamic templates of complementary chemistries can promote polymer crystallization through cooperative multivalent interactions. We investigate this phenomenon using a combination of templating substrates including a fluoropolymer, a hydrogen-bonded liquid, and an ionic liquid (IL).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDynamic surfaces play a critical role in templating highly ordered complex structures in living systems but are rarely employed for directing assembly of synthetic functional materials. We design ion gel templates with widely tunable dynamics ( T) to template solution-coated conjugated polymers. We hypothesize that the ion gel expedites polymer nucleation by reconfiguring its surface to facilitate cooperative multivalent interactions with the conjugated polymer, validated using both experimental and computational approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
November 2018
Meniscus instability during meniscus-guided solution coating and printing of conjugated polymers has a significant impact on the deposit morphology and the charge-transport characteristics. The lack of quantitative investigation on meniscus-instability-induced morphology transition for conjugated polymers hindered the ability to precisely control conjugated polymer deposition for desired applications. Herein, we report a film-to-stripe morphology transition caused by stick-and-slip meniscus instability during solution coating seen in multiple donor-acceptor polymer systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Oxidative stress is a common factor in cataract. Considering the antioxidant properties of hesperidin as a flavanone glycoside from the flavonoid family with radioprotective effect, this study aimed to determine the protective effect of this flavanone glycoside on reducing oxidative stress in the eye lens tissue of mature rats caused by gamma irradiation.
Materials And Methods: A total of 48 adult rats were randomly divided into six groups, namely, control, Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), hesperidin, radiation, radiation + DMSO, and radiation + hesperidin.
It is well-known that substrate surface properties have a profound impact on the morphology of thin films solution coated atop and the resulting solid-state properties. However, design rules for guiding the substrate selection have not yet been established. Such design rules are particularly important for solution-coated semiconducting polymers, as the substrate-directed thin film morphology can impact charge transport properties by orders of magnitude.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
August 2017
Domain alignment in conjugated polymer thin films can significantly enhance charge carrier mobility. However, the alignment mechanism during meniscus-guided solution coating remains unclear. Furthermore, interfacial alignment has been rarely studied despite its direct relevance and critical importance to charge transport.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSolution processable semiconducting polymers have been under intense investigations due to their diverse applications from printed electronics to biomedical devices. However, controlling the macromolecular assembly across length scales during solution coating remains a key challenge, largely due to the disparity in timescales of polymer assembly and high-throughput printing/coating. Herein we propose the concept of dynamic templating to expedite polymer nucleation and the ensuing assembly process, inspired by biomineralization templates capable of surface reconfiguration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe relationship of minerals and trace elements with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is complex. Alterations in their metabolism can be induced by the diseases and their complications. To study the role of trace elements in IBD patients' serum zinc and copper and their related enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), activity were measured in patients with IBD patients as well as in healthy subjects.
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