The aggregate and sectoral time-varying market efficiency during crisis periods in Turkey: a comparative analysis with COVID-19 outbreak and the global financial crisis.

This study aims to examine the time-varying efficiency of the Turkish stock market's major stock index and eight sectoral indices, including the industrial, financial, service, information technology, basic metals, tourism, real estate investment, and chemical petrol plastic, during the COVID-19 outbreak and the global financial crisis (GFC) within the framework of the adaptive market hypothesis. This study employs multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis to illustrate these sectors' multifractality and short- and long-term dependence. The results show that all sectoral returns have greater persistence during the COVID-19 outbreak than during the GFC.

Internet access and its role on educational inequality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study investigates the determinants of Internet access and its effect on educational inequality in OECD countries during the period of the Covid-19 pandemic. The spatial panel data model is used to include the neighborhood in the model relating to educational inequality. The findings from the study reveal that despite the increase in Internet access during the Covid-19 period, the response to the pandemic has caused education inequalities.

National guidelines on the management of venous thromboembolism: Joint guideline of the Turkish Society of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Society of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, and Phlebology Society.

These evidence-based guidelines from the Turkish Society of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Society of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, and Phlebology Society intend to support clinicians in best decisions regarding the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The Editor was selected by the three national societies and was tasked with the recruitment of the recognized panel. All financial support was solely derived from the sponsoring societies without the direct involvement of industry or other external stakeholders.

Milestones in thromboangiitis obliterans: a position paper of the VAS-European independent foundation in angiology/vascular medicine.

Even today thromboangiitis obliterans has disease features that remain misunderstood or underappreciated. The epidemiology, etiology and pathophysiology of the disease are still unclear. Biomarkers and disease activity markers are lacking, thus clinical assessment is difficult.

Guidance for the Management of Patients with Vascular Disease or Cardiovascular Risk Factors and COVID-19: Position Paper from VAS-European Independent Foundation in Angiology/Vascular Medicine.

COVID-19 is also manifested with hypercoagulability, pulmonary intravascular coagulation, microangiopathy, and venous thromboembolism (VTE) or arterial thrombosis. Predisposing risk factors to severe COVID-19 are male sex, underlying cardiovascular disease, or cardiovascular risk factors including noncontrolled diabetes mellitus or arterial hypertension, obesity, and advanced age. The VAS-European Independent Foundation in Angiology/Vascular Medicine draws attention to patients with vascular disease (VD) and presents an integral strategy for the management of patients with VD or cardiovascular risk factors (VD-CVR) and COVID-19.

Differences in pain, fatigue, and quality of life in patients with chronic venous insufficiency based on physical activity level.

Background: This study aims to compare the effect of different physical activity levels on pain, fatigue, and quality of life in patients with chronic venous insufficiency.

Methods: Between October 2018 and February 2019, a total of 69 patients (4 males, 65 females; mean age 50 years; range, 19 to 73 years) who were diagnosed with chronic venous insufficiency and consulted for physiotherapy were included in the study. The physical activity level of the patients was determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in three groups as light, moderate, or vigorous.

Ultrasound-accelerated catheter-assisted thrombolytic therapy applicatıons in deep vein thrombosis.

Background: Ultrasound-accelerated catheter-directed thrombolysis (UCT) increases the invasion of thrombolytic agent into the thrombus using ultrasonic energy, provides less infusion of thrombolytic agent, reduces complication, and post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) development rates. For these reasons, this procedure is a promising method for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Materials And Methods: Patients diagnosed with DVT by ultrasonography (USG) who underwent UCT between May 2013 and August 2014 at Gazi University Hospital Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic were included in the study.

Acute Cardiovascular Responses to the Application of Manual Lymphatic Drainage in Different Body Regions.

The purpose of this study was to investigate acute cardiovascular responses to manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) on different parts of the body. Thirty healthy individuals (10 women and 20 men) participated in the study voluntarily. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), respiration frequency, and oxygen saturation were measured before and after MLD was applied to different regions of the body (neck, abdomen, anastomosis, arm, and leg).

Investigating the effects of two different pump heads (Centrifugal vs. Roller Pump) on hematological and immunological mechanisms.

Background And Aim: Technological developments and enhancement of knowledge level enable heart surgery with low mortality rates in most centers. On the other hand, increased systemic inflammatory response against cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) plays a critical role in the development of postoperative complications. We aimed to compare the effects of centrifugal pump where it is claimed that blood is exposed to minimal trauma and roller pump techniques on inflammatory response and oxidant status during CPB.

Protective effect of erdosteine on erythrocyte deformability in a rat model of lower limb ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Background/aim: The protective effect of erdosteine on local and distant organ injury due to ischemia/reperfusion has been well documented but its effect on erythrocyte deformability needs further investigation. Our aim was to investigate the effect of erdosteine on erythrocyte deformability in the infrarenal aorta of rats undergoing ischemia/reperfusion. Materials and methods: Our study was conducted with 18 Wistar albino rats.

Effects of alprostadil and iloprost on renal, lung, and skeletal muscle injury following hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of alprostadil (prostaglandin [PGE1] analog) and iloprost (prostacyclin [PGI2] analog) on renal, lung, and skeletal muscle tissues after ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury in an experimental rat model.

Materials And Methods: Wistar albino rats underwent 2 hours of ischemia via infrarenal aorta clamping with subsequent 2 hours of reperfusion. Alprostadil and iloprost were given starting simultaneously with the reperfusion period.

Effect of alprostadil on erythrocyte deformability in ischemia reperfusion injury.

Background: Ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R) in lower extremity is a frequent and important clinical phenomenon. Protective effect of alprostadil on local and distant organ injury due to I/R has been well-documented but its effect on erythrocyte deformability needs further investigation. Our aim was to investigate the effect of alprostadil on erythrocyte deformability in infrarenal aorta of rats undergoing I/R.

The histopathological effects of levosimendan on liver injury induced by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological and immunohistochemical effects of levosimendan on liver injury induced by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) in a rat model.

Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into the four groups: Group C (Control, n = 6), Group I/R (n = 6), Group BI (I/R group treated with levosimendan before ischemia, n = 6), and Group AI (I/R group treated with levosimendan after ischemia, n = 6). Myocardial I/R was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by two hours of reperfusion in I/R and I/R+Levosimendan groups.

The protective effects of dexmedetomidine on liver injury-induced myocardial ischemia reperfusion.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine (100 µg/kg-ip) on liver injury-induced myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (IR) in rats.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four Wistar Albino rats were separated into four groups. There were four experimental groups (Group C (Control; n = 6), Group IR (ischemia-reperfusion, n = 6), Group D (Dexmedetomidine; n = 6) that underwent left thoracotomy and received ip dexmedetomidine without IR administered via 100 µg/kg ip route 30 minutes before ligating the left coronary artery, and Group IR-D (IR-Dexmedetomidine; n = 6).

The effects of iloprost on lung injury induced by skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iloprost (I) on lung injury as a remote organ following skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat model.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four Wistar Albino rats were randomized into four groups (n = 6). Laparotomy was performed in all groups under general anesthesia.

Antioxidative effects of adrenomedullin and vascular endothelial growth factor on lung injury induced by skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adrenomedullin (AM) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on lung injury as a remote organ following skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat model.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomized into six groups (n=6). Laparotomy was performed in all groups under general anesthesia.

The effects of iloprost on ischemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscles in a rodent model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iloprost (IL) on ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rodent model.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four Wistar Albino rats were randomized into four groups (n = 6). Laparotomy was performed in all groups under general anesthesia.

Effect of iloprost on erythrocyte deformability in rat's lower extremity undergoing an ischemia reperfusion injury.

Aim: Ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R) in lower extremity is a frequent and important clinical phenomenon. The protective effect of iloprost on local and distant organ injury due to I/R has been well documented but its effect on erythrocyte deformability needs further investigation. Our aim was to investigate the effect of iloprost on erythrocyte deformability in the infrarenal aorta of rats undergoing I/R.

Comparison of the effects of pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass, non-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting on the respiratory system and serum carbonyl.

Background: We aimed to investigate the effects of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and non-pulsatile CPB techniques on oxidative stress and the respiratory system in the current study.

Materials And Methods: The patients were allocated into three different groups according to perfusion techniques, as follows: off-pump CABG group (n=10); pulsatile CPB (n=11); and non-pulsatile CPB group (n=11). Serum carbonyl level was measured and a pulmonary function test was performed preoperatively and postoperatively.

Comparison of the effects of pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass, non-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting on the inflammatory response and S-100beta protein.

Background: We aimed to investigate the effects of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass, and non-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass techniques on the inflammatory response and the central nervous system in the current study.

Methods: A total of 32 patients who were scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery were included in the study. The patients were allocated into three different groups according to the perfusion techniques used during the cardiopulmonary bypass procedure as follows: off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting group (n=10); pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass group (n=11); and non-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass group (n=11).