Dual-frequency ultrasonic oxidation of cyanobacterial toxins (MC-LR and MC-RR) at drinking water resources: Assessment of analytical methods and ultrasonic reactor configuration.

Ultrasonic oxidation provides the degradation of a wide range of water pollutants to the final products defined as carbon dioxide, short-chain organic acids, and inorganic ions, typically less toxic and favorable to biodegradation. In this study, it was investigated the application of novel ultrasonic reactor that allows the several combinations of low (20 kHz and 40 kHz) and high frequency ultrasonic piezoceramic transducer (578 kHz, 862 kHz and 1142 kHz) to degrade two main cyanobacterial toxins, Microcystin-RR (MC-RR) and Microcystin-LR (MC-LR). A plate transducer operating at different frequencies (40 kHz or 578 kHz/862 kHz/1142 kHz) was combined with a probe (20 kHz) as well as two plate transducers 40 kHz and 578 kHz/862 kHz/1142 kHz were combined to provide dual frequency ultrasonic reactor (DFUR).

Stereological examination of curcumin's effects on hippocampal damage caused by the anti-epileptic drugs phenobarbital and valproic acid in the developing rat brain.

The anti-epileptic drugs phenobarbital and valproic acid have an extremely strong negative effect on cognitive processes such as learning and memory in the developing brain. We examined whether or not curcumin has protective effects on neuronal injury caused by these drugs in the developing rat brain. Young male Wistar rats were studied in two groups, a 7 days old and a 14 days old group (35 rats in each).

Role of erythropoietin and its receptor in the development of endometriosis in rats.

Objective: Besides its hematopoietic function, erythropoietin (EPO) may protect tissues from degenerative disorders. As such, EPO and its receptors were revealed in nonhematopoietic cells, including stromal and endometrial epithelial cells. However, the role of EPO in endometrial disorders is still unknown.

Effects of prenatal PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone exposure on rat hippocampus development in a time-dependent manner: A stereological and histopathological study.

Rosiglitazone is in the thiazolidinedione class of drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works as an insulin sensitizer by binding to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. We investigated the effects of prenatally administered rosiglitazone on pyramidal cell numbers and morphologies in the hippocampus at postnatal period using histochemical and stereological techniques, congenital morphological properties and the number of offspring in rats.

Lowering dialysate sodium improves systemic oxidative stress in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Purpose: The purpose of the current prospective study was to evaluate the effects of low sodium dialysate on oxidative stress parameters, blood pressure (BP) and endothelial dysfunction in maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods: After baseline measurements were taken, the dialysate sodium concentration was reduced from 140 to 137 mEq/L. Oxidative stress parameters and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD %) were measured before and after 6 months of HD with low sodium dialysate.

Pleiotropic and Renoprotective Effects of Erythropoietin Beta on Experimental Diabetic Nephropathy Model.

Background: This study aimed at investigating the possible protective effect of erythropoietin beta on experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN) model in rats.

Methods: Sprague Dawley rats (n = 32) were allocated into 4 equal groups of 8 each, the control (Group C), diabetes (Group D), erythropoietin beta (Group E), and erythropoietin beta treated DN (Group E + D) groups. Streptozocin (65 mg/kg) was used to induce diabetes in 10-week old rats.

Effects of paricalcitol and aliskiren combination therapy on experimental diabetic nephropathy model in rats.

Background/aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of combination of aliskiren with paricalcitol on experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN) model in rats.

Methods: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups of 8 rats each, namely the control (Group C), diabetes (Group D), aliskiren (Group A), paricalcitol (Group P), and aliskiren plus paricalcitol (Group A+P) groups. Aliskiren was given by oral-gavage at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day once daily for 12 weeks.

A microbial biosensor based on Lactobacillus delbruecki sp. bacterial cells for simultaneous determination of lactic and pyruvic acid.

The aim of this study was mainly to develop a microbial biosensor for the simultaneous determination of lactic acid and pyruvic acid. In developing biosensor, lyophilised Lactobacillus delbruecki sp. bacterial cells were immobilised with polypyrrole on a platin electrode surface using electropolymerization method.

[Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia in an elderly patient following probiotic treatment].

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, known as baker's yeast, is also used as a probiotic agent to treat gastroenteritis by modulating the endogenous flora and immune system. However, since there have been increasing reports of fungemia due to S.cerevisiae and its subspecies S.

Cinacalcet may improve oxidative DNA damage in maintenance hemodialysis patients: an observational study.

Background: Oxidative stress is accepted as a non-classical cardiovascular risk factor in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of cinacalcet on oxidative stress biomarkers, oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine/deoxyguanosine), endothelial function (FMD %) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in HD patients.

Methods: Forty-two chronic HD patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism undergoing 60 mg/day cinacalcet treatment with a follow-up of 6 months and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were included in this prospective study.

Surgically induced astigmatism following medial rectus recession: short-term and long-term outcomes.

Purpose: The current study aimed to investigate short- and long-term postoperative ocular refractive effects of medial rectus recession on the involved eye and to describe the detectable effects in detail by the results of vector analysis.

Methods: Data of patients in whom medial rectus recession was performed between 2010 and 2012 were retrospectively evaluated. The study included 52 eyes of 32 patients.

Risk factors for acute kidney injury after hip fracture surgery in the elderly individuals.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate possible risk factors assocıated wıth acute kidney injury (AKI) after hip fracture surgery in the elderly individuals.

Design: Level II diagnostic study, evidence obtained from prospective cohort study from 1 center with level 2, and 3 patients.

Patients: A total of 165 patients (>65 years) with femoral neck fracture were enrolled in this prospective study between 2007 and 2010.

Evaluation of the effects of a high dose of erythropoietin-beta on early endotoxemia using a rat model.

Background: Endotoxins can cause serious organ damage and death by triggering the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta in bacterial infections.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a high dose (3000 U/kg) of erythropoietin-beta (EPO) on inflammatory cytokine levels, renal function and histological changes during the early period of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia using a rat model.

Material And Methods: Male Sprague Dawley (350-400 g) rats were randomized into 3 groups: Control group (n = 7); LPS group (received 20 mcg/kg LPS through intraperitoneal (i.

A Single-Centre Study of Acute Cardiorenal Syndrome: Incidence, Risk Factors and Consequences.

OBJECTIVE: Cardiac and kidney diseases are common, and the impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) on patient outcome is well known. We aimed to investigate the incidence of acute cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) and the risk factors and outcomes associated with the disease. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study comprising 289 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), examining the incidence of AKI defined according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) classification, the factors contributing to AKI, and the impact of AKI on in-hospital mortality and hospital re-admission.

Antioxidant and renoprotective effects of paricalcitol on experimental contrast-induced nephropathy model.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of paricalcitol on the experimental contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) model. We hypothesised that paricalcitol may prevent CIN.

Methods: 32 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (n=8 each): control group, paricalcitol group, CIN group and paricalcitol plus CIN group.

Paraoxonase 1 polymorphisms in patients with primary glomerulonephritis: a single-center study in Turkey.

Introduction: Human paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an enzyme related with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The link between genetic polymorphisms of PON1 and hyperlipidemia and increased lipid oxidation may explain these complications in the course of glomerular diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate PON1 192 and PON1 55 polymorphisms in patients with primary glomerulonephritis and healthy individuals.

Ultrasound as a basic and auxiliary process for dye remediation: a review.

Ultrasonic treatment of recalcitrant contaminants has been of utmost interest recently due to the advantages of the cavitation phenomenon, which enhances the efficiency of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs). The current review summarizes the use of ultrasound with biochemical, electrochemical, ozonation, photolysis, photocatalysis and Fenton processes for the degradation of mostly textile dyes and dyebath. There is a few studies about ultrasonic degradation of textile effluents or wastewater due to highly variable contents.