Targeting the ATF6-Mediated ER Stress Response and Autophagy Blocks Integrin-Driven Prostate Cancer Progression.

Unlabelled: Prostate cancer progression to the lethal metastatic castration-resistant phenotype (mCRPC) is driven by αv integrins and is associated with Golgi disorganization and activation of the ATF6 branch of unfolded protein response (UPR). Overexpression of integrins requires N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (MGAT5)-mediated glycosylation and subsequent cluster formation with Galectin-3 (Gal-3). However, the mechanism underlying this altered glycosylation is missing.

The non-canonical mechanism of ER stress-mediated progression of prostate cancer.

Background: The development of persistent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is one of the cornerstones of prostate carcinogenesis; however, the mechanism is missing. Also, alcohol is a physiological ER stress inducer, and the link between alcoholism and progression of prostate cancer (PCa) is well documented but not well characterized. According to the canonical model, the mediator of ER stress, ATF6, is cleaved sequentially in the Golgi by S1P and S2P proteases; thereafter, the genes responsible for unfolded protein response (UPR) undergo transactivation.

[Decrease in time of transurethral laser litotripsy due to micro-drainage applications].

Introduction: The length of the operation to remove urinary concernments has a marked effect on the occurrence of postoperative complications in the time of the postoperative patients in the hospital. A significant factor contributing to the increase in time is the clouding of the fragmentation region, which increases the operation time and the number of complications.

Purpose: to develop a method of reducing the time of additional costs in contact lithotripsy with a holmium laser in order to reduce the risk of postoperative complications.

[The assesment of the fragmentation rate of urinary stones during the holmium laser lithotripsy].

Introduction: For rational planning of laser lithotripsy tactics, determination of pulse settings and laser modes, considering patients condition, stone size and composition as well as for more rationale planning of operation theatre loading and the use of high-technology equipment the knowledge of the time required for complete stone fragmentation is needed. It is still assessed subjectively base on the urologists own experience.

Aim: To determine the specific value of urinary stones mass decrease in order to evaluate exact time for complete fragmentation during holmium laser lithotripsy.

[Prognosis of rotavirus infection in children].

The aim of the research was to develop the method for predicting the course of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children.Under the supervision were 3607 children aged from 9 days to 5 years with the diagnosis of "Acute gastroenteritis" and "Acute gastroenterocolitis". The diagnosis of rotavirus infection was on the basis of a set of clinical, epidemiological data and the results of para-clinical and bacteriological studies and data of detection of rotavirus antigen strain.

[The use of ultrasonic cavitation and specific application therapy in the combined treatment of suppurative wounds].

Ultrasound treatment of the surface of festered wounds and application on them of specific heteroplasma were used in 46 patients for healing of festered wounds. The method provides broadening of the indication for application of primary suture on the festered wound and decrease of the duration of hospital stay of the patients 2.2 fold.

[Means for the prognosis and prevention of suppurative complications in intra-abdominal operations].

The authors describe the method of assessment of the immune and alimentary status by means of determination of the level of blood albumins and amount of lymphocytes. Preoperative detection of patients requiring immunocorrection and normalization of protein metabolism allows to carry out the corresponding therapy and to reduce the amount of postoperative complications.

[Determination of cardenolides in Digitalis lanata by a solid-phase immunoenzyme method].

A competitive solid-phase EIA technique using high-affinity digoxin-specific monoclonal antibodies has been developed to determine cardenolides in Digitalis lanata. The test-system can detect digoxin and closely related compounds in concentration of 0.1 nmol/ml.

[Changes in the renal corpuscles during early postnatal ontogeny of the rat (stereologic analysis)].

Kidneys of 60 white rats at the age of 1-45 days of postnatal life have been investigated. Increase in size of the renal corpuscles during the developmental process is accompanied with certain changes in the form and variability of volumes in the structures studied. During early postnatal period, against the background of linear increase in the size of the renal corpuscles, the parameters of variability in volumes, form and in the total number of the renal corpuscles in the organ change non-linear.

[Effect of the length of internucleosome regions of DNA on the conformation of chromatid fibrils].

Models of chromatin fibers structures with linear regions of linker DNA were analysed. Limitations put by end dimensions of linker DNA and nucleosomes are considered. Good agreement between the structural properties of model and real chromatin fibers was obtained.

[Anomalous surface conductivity of phospholipid membranes].

Surface conductivity (SC) of the double layer at the phospholipid liposome surface has been examined with quasi-elastic light scattering technique combined with pulse electrophoresis. 23Na NMR was used to study the interaction between sodium ions and liposomes. The migration of bound ions along the surface was shown to produce the main contribution to SC.

Activated forms of oxygen in the metabolism of xenobiotics catalyzed by cytochrome P-450.

The Cu(Lys)2 complex is shown to be an effective inhibitor of the oxidation of 3,4-benzpyrene and aniline in microsomes. Apparently, this is due to the dismutation of superoxide radicals involved in the metabolism of these compounds. Possible interactions between Cu(Lys)2 and model membranes have been studied using spin probes.

Detection of the kinetics of biochemical reactions with oxygen using exchange broadening in the ESR spectra of nitroxide radicals.

To detect changes in the oxygen concentration during biochemical reactions, the exchange broadening in the ESR spectra of nitroxide radicals caused by the dissolved oxygen, has been used. The measurements have been carried out using changes in the width either of the proton hyperfine structure components or of the nitrogen hyperfine structure line with an unresolved proton structure. Detection of mitochondrial respiration in a volume of about 10(-3) cm 3 and respiration for 100 +/- 5 liver cells in a volume of about 10(-4) cm3 has been carried out.

[Complex formation of spin-labeled trideoxyadenylate with polyribouridylic acid].

It is shown that the ESR spectra of triple-stranded complex formed by the polyribouridylic acid with the trideoxyadenylate spin-labelled on terminal phosphate is a superposition of the signals with strongly different width of HFS-components. This result is a structural support of the early proposed supposition about the irregular relative orientations of the oligomers in the triple-stranded complexes of oligoadenylates with poly-U.