Assessment of the optic nerve, macular, and retinal vascular effects of COVID-19.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the optic nerve, macula, and retinal vascular structures.

Methods: This study included 129 participants recovering from COVID-19 and 130 healthy control subjects aged 18 to 55 years. The study was designed as observational and cross-sectional and was conducted between June 2020 and February 2021.

Changes in optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with vitamin D deficiency.

Purpose: 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D] sufficiency has critical biological importance for the human body. Although there are several studies on the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and macular structure, the data in this regard are limited. This study mainly aimed to investigate macular microvascular structure using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in 25(OH)D deficiency.

Comparison of Six Methods of Central Corneal Thickness Measurement in Healthy Eyes.

Objectives: Several methods of measuring central corneal thickness (CCT) have been compared, however, the data are still limited and conflicting. The aim of this study was to determine the agreement of CCT measurements performed in healthy eyes using ultrasound pachymetry (USP), non-contact tono/pachymetry, specular microscopy, biometry, Scheimpflug-based corneal topography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: All of the participants underwent a complete ophthalmological examination.

Retinal Microvascular Vessel Density Differences between Adult Athletes and Nonathletes.

Significance: Regular physical activity may affect the neurovascular structures. Many studies have shown the positive effects of physical activity on ocular disorders such as glaucoma, retinopathy, and macular degeneration. Athletes were expected to have a better retinal vascular structure compared with the nonathletes.

Protection against experimental cisplatin-induced optic nerve toxicity using resveratrol: A rat model study.

Aim: To investigate the effects of resveratrol on oxidative stress and inflammation parameters and histological alterations in cisplatin-induced optic nerve damage in a mouse model.

Material And Method: Thirty-six albino Wistar male rats were divided into three groups as control, 5 mg/kg cisplatin-administered (Cis) and 5 mg/kg cisplatin + 25 mg/kg resveratrol-administered (Cis + Res) animals. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were sacrificed with high-dose (50 mg/kg) thiopental sodium, and their optic nerves were dissected.

The effects of vitamin B12 deficiency on retina and optic disk vascular density.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to determine the alterations in the retina and peripapillary vascular density in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency.

Material And Method: The patients were divided into two groups regarding their vitamin B12 levels as the low vitamin B12 group (< 200 pg/ml) and the normal vitamin B12 group (≥ 200 pg/ml). The retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and the central macular thickness (CMT) were measured through an SD-OCT analysis.

Evaluation of the Optic Disc and Macula in Healthy Children Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Objectives: To perform the measurements of the optic disc and macula in healthy children using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in order to determine the normative data values and compare these by age, gender, spherical equivalent (SE), and axial length (AL).

Materials And Methods: A total of 146 eyes belonging to 146 healthy children (74 girls, 72 boys) aged 6 to 16 years were included in this prospective study. Refraction and biometry measurements were performed.

Effects of adenosine triphosphate on methanol-induced experimental optic nerve damage in rats: biochemical and histopathological evaluation.

Purpose: Acute methanol exposure leads to systemic intoxication and toxic optic neuropathy. In this experimental study, we aimed to determine the protective effects of intravenous administration of ATP in methanol-induced optic neuropathy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 18 male albino Wistar rats weighing between 267 and 282 g were used for the experiment.

The findings of corneal specular microscopy in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: We aimed to compare the morphological characteristics of corneal endothelial cells in type 2 diabetic patients and age-matched healthy subjects by specular microscopy. We also aimed to determine the association of corneal morphological features with the general characteristics and laboratory data of diabetic patients, including disease duration, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and urine albumin creatinine ratio.

Methods: A total of 195 diabetic patients and 100 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.

Alterations in optical coherence tomography angiography findings in patients with high myopia.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the macular changes using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCT-A) in eyes with high myopia. Determining the alterations in vascular structures can provide a clearer understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disease and help define new treatment options and preventive measures.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-two patients with high myopia (axial length ≥ 26 mm) and 70 control cases without any known systemic or ocular diseases were enrolled in this prospective study.

Assessments of vessel density and foveal avascular zone metrics in multiple sclerosis: an optical coherence tomography angiography study.

Background/objectives: To investigate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) findings of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics and macular & peripapillary vessel densities (VD) in subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: The study design was prospective and cross-sectional. FAZ metrics and VDs of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), retinal peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP) along with the structural OCT measurements were scanned by using the Nidek's RS-3000 Advance in MS patients and healthy controls.

Serum SCUBE-1 levels in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: Signal peptide-CUB-Epidermal growth factor-like domain-containing protein 1 (SCUBE-1) is a protein expressed on the cell surface of endothelial cells and platelets. We aimed to determine the alterations in SCUBE-1 levels in patients at different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Materials And Methods: Participants were grouped into 4 regarding the presence and stage of diabetic retinopathy as follows: control group (n 32), patients without DR (n 39), patients with background DR (n 42) and patients with proliferative DR (n 55).

Normative Data Assessment of Vessel Density and Foveal Avascular Zone Metrics Using AngioScan Software.

: To establish a normative database for macular and peripapillary vessel densities (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics in healthy subjects with the new version of AngioScan software of RS-3000 Advance (Nidek Co, Ltd) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) device.: The study design was prospective and cross-sectional. VDs of the SCP, deep capillary plexus (DCP), retinal peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP) and FAZ area, perimeter and circularity index (CI) along with the structural OCT measurements were scanned by using the Nidek's RS-3000 Advance OCT-A device in healthy subjects.

The effects of thiamine pyrophosphate on ethanol induced optic nerve damage.

Background: We aimed to determine the protective effects of thiamine pyrophosphate on ethanol induced optic neuropathy in an experimental model.

Methods: The rats were assigned into 4 groups, with 6 rats in each group as follows: healthy controls (HC group), only ethanol administered group (EtOH group), ethanol + thiamine pyrophosphate (20 mg/kg) administered group (TEt-20 group), and only thiamine pyrophosphate (20 mg/kg) (TPG group) administered group. To the rats in TEt-20 and TPG groups, 20 mg/kg thiamine pyrophosphate was administered via intraperitoneal route.

The Relation of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio with High Axial Myopia.

: To investigate the relation between high axial myopia and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values.: Seventy-nine cases were enrolled, 50 myopic and 29 emmetropic. All participants were assigned into three groups: Group I (high myopia with no retinal involvement), Group II (high myopia with retinal involvement) and Group III (control).

Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis and Serum Ischemia Modified Albumin Levels in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

: Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy causing progressive impairment of visual functions. We aimed to assess the alterations in thiol-disulfide homeostasis and serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels, which are the determinants of antioxidant status, in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). : A total of 140 eyes from 70 patients with POAG and 174 eyes of 87 healthy, control cases were included in the study.

The Effects of Intravitreal Ranibizumab, Aflibercept or Dexamethasone Implant Injections on Intraocular Pressure Changes.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the alterations in intraocular pressure (IOP) values during the early postoperative period after intravitreal ranibizumab, aflibercept, or dexamethasone implant injections. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this retrospective study, a total of 188 patients were grouped into 3 groups: the ranibizumab group, the aflibercept group, and the dexamethasone group. Ocular axial length (AXL) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were measured in the pre-injection period.

A comparison of the effects of perindopril arginine and amlodipine on choroidal thickness in patients with primary hypertension.

Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of two different medical treatment options on choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with primary hypertension.

Materials And Methods: Forty newly diagnosed primary hypertension patients and 21 healthy volunteers were included. The patients were randomly divided into two subgroups.

The effects of lutein on optic nerve injury induced by ethambutol and isoniazid: an experimental study.

Aim: Ethambutol and isoniazid are two major effective first line agents in tuberculosis treatment having some visual adverse effects. We aimed to determine the protective effects of lutein on oxidative optic neuropathy induced by ethambutol and isoniazid in an experimental model.

Material And Method: Totally 24 albino Wistar male rats were assigned into 4 groups, with 6 rats in each group as follows: healthy controls (HC group), 50 mg/kg ethambutol +50 mg/kg isoniazid administered group (EI), 0.

The effects of lycopene on alloxan induced diabetic optic neuropathy.

Aim: To determine the effects of lycopene treatment in prevention of diabetes associated inflammatory response and oxidative stress in an experimental model. With this aim we investigated the levels of oxidative stress markers including Malondialdehyde (MDA), and total oxidative status (TOS)together with inflammatory markers including nuclear factor- kappa B (NFKB) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and antioxidants including total glutathione (TGSH), total oxidative status (TOS) and total anti-oxidative status (TAS) levels on eye tissue.

Material And Methods: Totally 18 albino Wistar male rats (250-280 grams) assigned into three groups, with six rats in each group as follows: healthy group (HG), control group (CG), and lycopene group (LG).

Effects of Pycnogenol on cisplatin-induced optic nerve injury: an experimental study.

Aim: To determine the effects of Pycnogenol on cisplatin-induced optic nerve damage.

Material And Method: Totally 18 albino Wistar male rats were assigned into three groups, with six rats in each group as follows: healthy controls (HC group), only cisplatin (2.5 mg/kg) administered group (CIS group) and Pycnogenol (40 mg/kg) + cisplatin (2.