EAONO/JOS, STAMCO, ChOLE & Potsic Staging of 271 Pediatric Cholesteatoma: Evidence-Based Mod-Pot Staging System.

Objective: The objective was to assess Potsic, EAONO/JOS, STAMCO, and ChOLE cholesteatoma staging systems in a large homogenous pediatric cohort with long-term follow-up and propose an evidence-based improved version.

Study Design: Cohort study.

Setting: Retrospective study in a tertiary referral center.

Performance of Non-EPI DW MRI for Pediatric Cholesteatoma Follow-Up.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of nonecho planar (non-EPI) diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect residual cholesteatoma in children.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary comprehensive hospital.

Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Diagnose Residual Cholesteatoma in Children and Benefit of Radiological Rereview.

Objective: Non-echo-planar diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (non-EPI MRI) is the appropriate sequence to detect residual cholesteatoma. In the child, MRI may be clinically useful to determine the timing of the second-look procedure. The aim of this paper was to retrospectively evaluate the performance of early MRI (before the 18th postoperative month) in detecting residual cholesteatoma in children after review by experienced specialized neuroradiologists.

How Imaging Can Help Surgeons Prepare for Second-Look Cholesteatoma Surgery in Children.

This research letter compares computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the 1-year second-stage diagnosis of cholesteatoma.

Congenital abnormalities associated with microtia: A 10-YEARS retrospective study.

Objective: Microtia is a congenital auricular malformation, often part of a syndromic form (35%-55% of cases). The accurate prevalence of associated malformations remains to be determined with regard to the heterogeneous results of the previous studies. This study aims to describe in a large population cohort the abnormalities associated with microtia and to determine the most suitable assessment for these children.

Arterial spin labeling brain MRI study to evaluate the impact of deafness on cerebral perfusion in 79 children before cochlear implantation.

Age at implantation is considered to be a major factor, influencing outcomes after pediatric cochlear implantation. In the absence of acoustic input, it has been proposed that cross-modal reorganization can be detrimental for adaptation to the new electrical input provided by a cochlear implant. Here, through a retrospective study, we aimed to investigate differences in cerebral blood flow (CBF) at rest prior to implantation in children with congenital deafness compared to normally hearing children.

Thulium LASER for endoscopic closure of tracheoesophageal fistula in esophageal atresia's spectrum: An appropriate tool?

Purpose: To report our experience with endoscopic Thulium LASER for treatment of recurrent TEF after EA surgery, and for H-Type fistulas.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of consecutive patients undergoing standardized endoscopic closure as first line therapy of recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula (RTEF) and H-type fistula using Thulium LASER, from 2013 to 2019, in a pediatric tertiary care center. Control endoscopic procedure was systematically performed.

Developmental changes of upper airway dimensions in children.

Background: Knowledge about airway dimensions during child growth is of paramount importance for pediatric clinical practice. Decisions about airway management in children are based on relatively limited, imprecise, or incomplete data about airway size.

Aims: The aim of this work was to determine the anatomical development and size of airway structures from birth to adolescence using high-resolution computed tomography scans and to study the correlation between airway measurements and biometric data.

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG) Consensus Recommendations: Congenital Cholesteatoma.

Objective: To provide recommendations to otolaryngologists and allied physicians for the comprehensive management of children who present with signs and symptoms of congenital cholesteatoma.

Methods: A two-iterative Delphi method questionnaire was used to establish expert recommendations by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group, on the preoperative work-up, the perioperative considerations, and follow-up.

Results: Twenty-two members completed the survey, in 14 tertiary-care center departments representing 5 countries.

Desmoid-type fibromatosis of the head and neck in children: A changing situation.

Introduction: Desmoid-type fibromatosis (DF) is a rare benign lesion known for its local aggressiveness. The tumor management still remains under debate. Primary head and neck (HN), represents the second most prevalently affected sitein children with DF.

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group: Consensus guidelines on the diagnosis and management of type I laryngeal clefts.

Introduction: The diagnosis and management of type I laryngeal clefts can be controversial and varies across centers and surgeons. Using existing peer-reviewed literature to develop an expert-based consensus will help guide physicians in the treatment of these patients as well as develop research hypotheses to further study this condition.

Objective: To provide recommendations for the diagnosis and management of type I laryngeal clefts.

Results of VSB implantation at the short process of the incus in children with ear atresia.

Objective(s): To describe a new and more simple surgical procedure for implanting the Vibrant Soundbridge (VSB) on the short process of the incus in children with ear atresia and atretic plate and present the audiometric results.

Methods: Since 2014, pre- and post-operative audiometric tests with tonal and vocal audiometryat the maximal follow up, respectively 33, 22 and 12 months were performed after VSB implantation at the ENT department, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France. 3 children aged 11, 9 and 15 years with conductive hearing loss due to high grade ear atresia and absent ear canal were implanted.

Mastoid fascia kite flap for cryptotia correction.

Objective: Cryptotia is one of the most common malformations of the upper auricle with aesthetic and functional consequences, however there is no standard treatment. We present the surgical technique and results of a kite flap procedure which can be used in the different cryptotia subtypes.

Methods: We reviewed all patients treated in our department from 2010 to 2015, using a mastoid fascia kite flap technique.

An Application of NGS for Molecular Investigations in Perrault Syndrome: Study of 14 Families and Review of the Literature.

Perrault syndrome (PS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by deafness and gonadic dysgenesis. Recently, mutations in five genes have been identified: C10orf2, CLPP, HARS2, HSD17B4, and LARS2. Probands included are presented with sensorineural deafness associated with gonadic dysgenesis.

Efficiency of Melatonin as Compared to Pentobarbital for Audiometry Brainstem Response in Children With Associated Disorders.

Purpose: Outpatient pediatric audiometry brainstem response (ABR) uses various techniques (no drug, hydroxyzine, pentobarbital, melatonin). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of melatonin as compared to pentobarbital in children with associated disorders.

Method: This was a retrospective study that took place in a tertiary care center.

Pediatric salivary gland carcinomas: Diagnostic and therapeutic management.

Objectives/hypothesis: To analyze clinical presentations, treatment modalities, and evolution of pediatric cases of salivary gland carcinomas to standardize care for these rare diseases.

Study Design: Multicentric, retrospective study.

Methods: We included in this retrospective study all children and adolescents (aged ≤18 years) treated from 1992 to 2012 in six pediatric centers in Paris, France.

Value of radiofrequency ablation in the management of retropharyngeal lymphatic malformation.

Lymphatic malformations are benign malformations frequently occurring in the head and neck. Retropharyngeal location is rare, can be life threating and its management is particularly challenging. Over a three-year period, three patients presented with symptomatic (dyspnea and/or dysphagia) retropharyngeal lymphatic malformation.

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Upper Airway Obstruction in Infants with Pierre Robin Sequence.

Unlabelled: The aim of the study was to evaluate noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure as first-line treatment for upper airway obstruction in neonates with Pierre Robin sequence. Forty-four neonates were enrolled and classified in 4 groups: ventilator-dependent patients (severe upper airway obstruction group), patients with clinical upper airway obstruction, an abnormal (moderate upper airway obstruction group) or normal polygraphy (mild upper airway obstruction group), and those with no clinical upper airway obstruction (no upper airway obstruction group). Five neonates in the severe upper airway obstruction group (n = 9) were successfully managed by noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure and 4 required a tracheotomy.

Using a new otologic operating microscope: unexpected complications.

The present work report cases of auricular burns after routine otologic surgery possibly induced by the operating microscope. Single-center retrospective study. April 2013 to January 2014, eight children presented with auricular burns after otologic surgery.

A case of respiratory depression in a child with ultrarapid CYP2D6 metabolism after tramadol.

We discuss a case of severe respiratory depression in a child, with ultrarapid CYP2D6 genotype and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, after taking tramadol for pain relief related to a day-case tonsillectomy.