The Influence of Caffeine on Tolerance to Sport-Specific High-Intensity Exercise in Young Elite Soccer Players.

Background: Modern elite football places extremely high demands on the athlete's body, so it is of practical interest to study the effect of various dietary supplements on load tolerance and postexercise recovery. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on the effects of caffeine on key measures of load tolerance in football such as delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate (HR) at different time points after the exercise.

Methods: 54 young players aged 15-17 years from a leading Russian football academy took part in a randomised trial using the balanced placebo design.

Improvement of clinical and radiological manifestations of coxitis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis treated with tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor golimumab: Results of a 24-Month prospective observation study (GO-COX Study).

Aim: The hip joint is the most commonly affected non-axial joint in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Data on the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors (TNFi) in AS patients with coxitis are limited. The aim of this study was evaluation of coxitis treated with the TNFi golimumab in real-world settings.

TCR repertoire profiling revealed antigen-driven CD8+ T cell clonal groups shared in synovial fluid of patients with spondyloarthritis.

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) comprises a number of inflammatory rheumatic diseases with overlapping clinical manifestations. Strong association with several HLA-I alleles and T cell infiltration into an inflamed joint suggest involvement of T cells in SpA pathogenesis. In this study, we performed high-throughput T cell repertoire profiling of synovial fluid (SF) and peripheral blood (PB) samples collected from a large cohort of SpA patients.

[Achievement of clinical-laboratory and ASAS-partial remission in patients with early axial spondyloarthritis according to the ESAC cohort at the 3rd year of follow-up].

Background: According to the treat-to-target strategy for spondyloarthritis (SpA), the main goal is to achieve clinical remission or inactive disease. In 2001, the Assessment of Spondyloarhtritis International Society (ASAS) formulated the ASAS criteria for partial remission, and the Russian expert group for the study of SpA identified clinical-laboratory remission (no clinical manifestations of the disease that persists for 6 months in the presence of normal values of C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remission and complete remission (a combination of clinical-laboratory and MRI remission).

Aim: To determine the frequency of achieving clinical-laboratory and ASAS partial remission in patients with early axial SpA (axSpA) at the 3rd year of follow-up.

Response to netakimab in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis patients with different baseline C-reactive protein, sacroiliitis evaluated by MRI and peripheral joint involvement status: a post-hoc analysis of the ASTERA study.

Objectives: Netakimab is a humanised camelid-derived monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-17A. Here, we report the results of post-hoc analysis of the ASTERA phase 3 study (NCT03447704, February 27, 2018) in patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) grouped by baseline C-reactive protein (CRP), baseline sacroiliac joint (SIJ) inflammation through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or presence of peripheral arthritis (PA).

Methods: In this double-blinded, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 ASTERA study, 228 adult patients with active r-axSpA received 120 mg of subcutaneous netakimab or placebo at weeks 0, 1, 2, and thereafter every other week.

Questionnaire-based survey to determine an at-risk group for coeliac disease among school children in Moscow, Russia.

Aim: Coeliac disease (CD) is a chronic digestive disorder which presents in diverse ways and is under-diagnosed. The purpose of this study was to provide insights into suspected CD among Russian schoolchildren, through defining the percentage of participants in an 'at-risk' group for CD in a paediatric cohort, by means of a questionnaire as a primary screening tool.

Methods: Russian school children of both sexes age 7-18 years were enrolled in a population-based study to identify individuals affected by CD.

[New coronavirus infection COVID-19 as a trigger for the development of symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis. Case report].

The novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) is now known to cause a variety of extrapulmonary complications, including cardiovascular, neurological and dermatological complications, many of which occur or last several weeks after infection. We present a clinical case of a patient who first developed symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis 2 weeks after recovering from COVID-19. The patient was prescribed therapy in accordance with international and Russian recommendations for the management of patients with ankylosing spondylitis with a positive effect in the form of absence arthritis, enthesitis and reducing the inflammatory back pain.

[Spondyloarthritis: modern terminology and definitions].

Unlabelled: Aim to identify outdated terms and make changes to the terminology of spondyloarthritis.

Materials And Methods: At the first stage of the work, the terms divided into two categories: "outdated" definitions and terms that need to be improved or unified. Subsequently, each member of the Expert Group of Spondyloarthritis at the Association of Rheumatologists of Russia (ExSpA) presented by its own definition of the designated term or agreed with the previous term.

Primary efficacy of netakimab, a novel interleukin-17 inhibitor, in the treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis in adults.

Objectives: Netakimab (NTK) is a humanised monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-17A, previously investigated in a phase 1 trial in healthy volunteers. Here, we report the results of a phase 2 trial, conducted to assess safety and pharmacokinetics (PK), to establish a therapeutic dose of NTK in a target population of patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: 89 patients with active AS, despite non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drug treatment, were randomised to receive 40, 80 or 120 mg of subcutaneous NTK or placebo at weeks 0, 1, 2 and q2wk thereafter until week 12.

Impact of adalimumab on clinical outcomes, healthcare resource utilization, and sick leave in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: an observational study from five Central and Eastern European countries.

Background: Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are substantial users of healthcare resources due to chronic and potentially disabling disease. This study assessed the impact of adalimumab on clinical outcomes, healthcare resource utilization, and sick leave in patients with AS in five Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries.

Methods: This was an observational study in the routine clinical setting.

Current Paediatric Coeliac Disease Screening Strategies and Relevance of Questionnaire Survey.

Coeliac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten-containing grains in genetically predisposed individuals. Identification of CD in clinical practice is often difficult due to the manifestation of non-specific symptoms and signs, so a relatively significant proportion of CD cases remain undiagnosed. Timely detection of the disease is necessary to provide an appropriate approach to control of the disease treatment, in order to avoid potential complications.

[Etiopathogenetic factors of peripheral neuropathic pain in rheumatoid arthritis].

Aim: To determine a neuropathic component of pain and define its causes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Material And Methods: One hundred and eighty-three patients with confirmed RA, mean age 46,5±11,7 years, RA duration from 3 month to 30 years, were studied. Rheumatology, neurological, using the DN4 questionnaire, examinations and stimulation electromyography were used.

[Ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: Two stages of disease?].

Aim: To compare the clinical manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nrAxSpA).

Subjects And Methods: A Moscow early spondyloarthritis cohort has now included 132 patients with axial spondyloarthritis, of whom 69 patients who have been followed up at least 12 months are to be involved in a preliminary analysis. The mean age at the time of inclusion in the study was 28.

Overview of Celiac Disease in Russia: Regional Data and Estimated Prevalence.

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of dietary gluten from some cereals mainly in individuals carrying the HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 haplotypes. As an autoimmune disease, CD is manifested in the small intestine in the form of a progressive and reversible inflammatory lesion due to immune response to self-antigens. Indeed, CD is one of the most challenging medicosocial problems in current gastroenterology.

[Central regulation of pain in patients with joint disease and approaches to therapy].

The paper reviews investigations studies that have demonstrated that chronic pain syndrome is mixed in rheumatic diseases. The nervous system is involved in its pathogenesis with different frequency and different mechanisms. Under the influence of afferent pain impulses from damaged joints, there are changes in the excitability of spinal cord neurons, which is called central sensitization (CS).

[Differential diagnosis between mechanical and inflammatory lower back pain, therapy options].

The article presents the differential diagnosis between mechanical and inflammatory lower back pain based on clinical and paraclinical evidence. The results of comparative studies of amtolmetinum guacilum (AMG) and celecoxib, as well the CORONA study of its efficacy and cardiovascular safety in ankylosing spondylitis, are also discussed.

[Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in case of ankylosing spondylitis: long and persistently!].

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are extensively used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases to relieve pain and signs of inflammation. However, when treated for ankylosing spondylosis (AS), NSAIDS exert both symptomatic and structure-modifying effects, by slowing down the development of vertebral ankylosis. The effect of these drugs, which underlines the formation of syndesmophytes, may be associated with their anti-inflammatory activity and ability to suppress abnormal bone proliferation.

[Neurogenic mechanisms of chronic joint pain].

To study pathogenetic features of chronic joint pain, we examined 183 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 80 patients with osteoarthrosis (OA). The presence of mixed pain syndrome was found. A neuropathic component of pain (NCP) was observed in some patients with nociceptive pain (43 and 30% with RA and OA, respectively).

[The working classification and early diagnostics of ankylosing spondylitis].

A work classification of ankylosing spondylitis is presented including such novel concepts as the stage of the disease (instead of sacroiliitis), extra-axial and extra-skeletal manifestations. Modern approaches to the evaluation of disease activity are described Extensive explanations of these notions are presented together with the recommendations on formulation of diagnosis. The advent of new and more eficacious methods of visualization as well as more sensitive and specific criteria for inflammatory nature of back pain are considered The authors modified the traditional criteria for ankylosing spondylitis and developed their version to be verified in clinical practice in this country.

Comparison of two referral strategies for diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis: the Recognising and Diagnosing Ankylosing Spondylitis Reliably (RADAR) study.

Objective: To determine which of two referral strategies, when used by referring physicians for patients with chronic back pain (CBP), is superior for diagnosing axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) by rheumatologists across several countries.

Methods: Primary care referral sites in 16 countries were randomised (1 : 1) to refer patients with CBP lasting >3 months and onset before age 45 years to a rheumatologist using either strategy 1 (any of inflammatory back pain (IBP), HLA-B27 or sacroiliitis on imaging) or strategy 2 (two of the following: IBP, HLA-B27, sacroiliitis, family history of axial SpA, good response to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, extra-articular manifestations). The rheumatologist established the diagnosis.

[Some aspects of pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis].

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease of the spine (spondylitis) and sacroiliac joints (sacroileitis) associated in many cases with inflammatory affection of the peripheral joints (arthritis), entesises (entesitis), eyes (uveitis), intestine (enteritis) and aortic root (aortitis). AS is considered now as a prototype of diseases from the group of seronegative spondyloarthritis. AS is a hereditary disease.