How much do we know about nanobacteria?

Background/purpose: Nanobacteria, known to date as self-replicating, nano-scale size organisms, smaller than bacteria. However, whether these are living organisms or agglomeration of biomolecules was one of the most controversial issues for many years. One of the reasons for debate is their lack of any genetic material.

Metagenomic analysis of atheroma plaques for identification of microorganisms indicates presence of Toxoplasma gondii as a possible etiological agent.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Vital organs like the heart are affected by the occlusion of blood vessels due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. However, the role of infectious agents has always been an essential subject of investigation.

Perceived stress, optimism-pessimism, psychological adjustment, and death distress of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between death distress, psychological adjustment, optimism, pessimism and perceived stress among nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: this study was designed as cross-sectional/cohort. The population of the study involved 408 nurses from Northern Cyprus, which are registered as full members of the Nurse Council.

A Determination of p97/VCP (Valosin Containing Protein) and SVIP (Small VCP Interacting Protein) Expression Patterns in Human Testis.

: The ubiquitin proteosome system (UPS) is a non-lysosomal pathway that functions in all eukaryotes. The transport of polyubiquitinated proteins to proteosomes takes place via the p97/Valosin-containing protein (VCP) chaperone protein. The p97/VCP binds to polyubiquitinated proteins, allowing these proteins to reach the proteasome and, thus, their destruction.

Association between lower urinary tract symptoms and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between lower urinary tract symptoms and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Methods: A total of 180 women were enrolled in this prospective study. Demographic data, body mass index, waist circumference, modified Ferriman-Gallwey scores, biochemical parameters, ultrasonographic findings, and maximum urinary flow rate (Q max) were analyzed.

Perceptions and Experiences of Privacy Among Persons With an Ostomy Receiving Treatment and Care: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine ostomy patients' experiences and opinions on protection of privacy during treatment and care.

Design: Mixed-methods, descriptive correlational study.

Sample And Setting: The study sample comprised 80 patients with an ostomy receiving treatment and care in a university hospital in Turkey.

Defining the experiences of adolescent patients with multiple sclerosis in transition from pediatric care to adult care.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the experiences of patients aged 18-24 years who were diagnosed with multiple sclerosis before the age of eighteen, during the transition from pediatric care to adult care.

Methods: This research was in the type of phenomenological qualitative research. Focus group interviews were conducted between December 2020 and October 2021 with seventeen participants who had been diagnosed with multiple before the age of eighteen, aged 18-24, voluntarily having agreed to participate in the study.

Investigation of sub-chromosomal changes in males with idiopathic azoospermia by chromosomal microarray analysis.

Azoospermia consists of a significant proportion of infertility aetiology in males. Although known genetic abnormalities may explain roughly the third of infertility cases, the exact aetiology is still unclear. Chromosomal microarrays are widely used to detect sub chromosomal abnormalities (e.

Effectiveness of myo-inositol oxygenase in the early diagnosis of experimental acute kidney injury.

Objectives: The effectiveness of the myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) enzyme was investigated in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI).

Methods: In total, 40 rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 8, for each group) while left kidney ischemia-reperfusion was implemented in groups 2, 3, 4 and 5. Group 1 was the control group.

The effects of cavity disinfection on the nanoleakage of compomer restorations: an in vitro study.

Purpose: Cavity disinfection, in addition to routine caries removal methods, is recommended to eliminate the microorganisms. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of various systems Er,Cr:YSGG lasers, diode lasers and FotoSan and agents Corsodyl; Cervitec and Cervitec Plus and Fluor Protector-on the nanoleakage of compomer restorations when used for cavity disinfection.

Materials And Methods: A total of 40 intact human deciduous molar teeth containing Black V cavities (3×2×1.

The Effect of Age on Semen Quality and Spontaneous Pregnancy Rates in Patients who Treated with Microsurgical Inguinal Varicocelectomy.

Introduction The aim of this study is to evaluate whether pregnancy rates or semen parameters are affected due to male or female age after microsurgical varicocelectomy. Methods A total of 293 infertile men who underwent microsurgical inguinal varicocelectomy were divided into three groups according to age: group 1, patients and their spouses ≥35 years old (n = 46); group 2, patients ≥35 years old and their spouses <35 years old (n = 34); and group 3, patients and their spouses <35 years old (n = 213). Preoperative and postoperative semen parameters and pregnancy rates were compared.

Evaluation of effectiveness of antiandrogen treatments on cavernosal tissues in rats.

In this study, we aimed to compare changes in cavernosal tissues in rats with antiandrogen treatment and orchiectomy. A total of 42 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. Group I, control group, Group II, LH-RH was given for 1 month, Group III-LH-RH + Bicalutamide was given for 1 month, and Group IV was defined as orchiectomy and followed up for 1 month.

Novel 2-aminopyridine liganded Pd(II) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and bioactivity properties.

In this work, the synthesis, crystal structure, characterization, and enzyme inhibition effects of the novel a series of 2-aminopyridine liganded Pd(II) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes were examined. These complexes of the Pd-based were synthesized from PEPPSI complexes and 2-aminopyridine. The novel complexes were characterized by using C NMR, H NMR, elemental analysis, and FTIR spectroscopy techniques.

The effects of oxytocin on penile tissues in experimental priapism model in rats.

Purpose: This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of oxytocin on penile tissues in ischemia-reperfusion injury developed after priapism.

Methods: Forty Wistar Albino strain male rats were divided into four groups. The control group (n = 10) was not intervened.

Repair of aged bulk-fill composite with posterior composite: Effect of different surface treatments.

Objective: In the present study, the ability of posterior resin composite to repair aged bulk-fill resin composite and vice versa were assessed by shear bond strength testing.

Materials And Methods: Resin composite substrates were aged and surfaces were abraded with abrasive papers, then bulk-fill substrates were repaired with posterior resin composite and vice versa using different surface treatments (no surface treatment [control]; etching with 37% phosphoric acid [H PO ] for 20 seconds; etching with 10% hydrofluoric acid [HF] for 20 seconds; etching with 37% H PO for 20 seconds + adhesive application; etching with 10% HF for 20 seconds + adhesive application; adhesive application only). Shear bond strengths (SBS) were then measured and surface roughness values (Ra) were determined.

The effect of atorvastatin on penile intracavernosal pressure and cavernosal morphology in normocholesterolemic rats.

Objective: A debate is open on the effects of lipid-lowering drugs on sexual function. We aimed to investigate the effect of atorvastatin use on penile intracavernosal pressure (ICP) and cavernosal morphology.

Material And Methods: Fourteen mature male Sprague-Dawley-rats were randomly assigned to either the control group (which received standard food and water ad libitum) or the atorvastatin group (which received standard food, water, and statin) for twelwe weeks.

The Protective Effects of Pulsed Magnetic Field and Melatonin on Testis Torsion and Detorsion Induced Rats Indicated by Scintigraphy, Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Histopathological Methods.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to show the protective effect of pulsed magnetic field (PMF) application and melatonin administration on damage in testis in a one-sided torsion detorsion induced rat model using testicular scintigraphy with 99mTc pertechnetate, PET/CT with 18F-FDG and histopathological methods.

Materials And Methods: Sixty male rats were used in the study; 30 rats were randomly divided into five groups for one day applications of sham control, torsion, melatonin, pulsed magnetic field (PMF) and melatonin plus PMF. Similarly, for one week group, the other 30 rats were divided into the same five group (n=6), but the animals were sacrificed after one week.

Oxytocin for preventing injury due to testicular torsion/detorsion in rats.

Background: We aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of oxytocin on the testes for treating ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: A total of 24 male Wistar albino rats weighing 250-320 g were used. The rats were randomized into three groups of eight rats.

Investigation of the effects of curcumin, vitamin E and their combination in cisplatin-induced testicular apoptosis using immunohistochemical technique.

Objective: Cisplatin is an effective antineoplastic agent used in cancer therapy. However, the use of cisplatin is restricted due to its toxic side effects. Alleviation of its side effects which restricts cisplatin use is highly important.

The ameliorative effects of Ginkgo biloba on apoptosis, LH-R expression and sperm morphology anomaly in testicular torsion and detorsion.

Torsion/detorsion (T/D) induces testicular damages in both germinal epithelial and interstitial tissues. Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) exerts antioxidant and free radical scavenger. We investigated the effect of GbE on testicular tissues, Leydig and sperm cells in rats injured with T/D.

Effect of a Carbohydrate-Rich Diet on Rat Detrusor Smooth Muscle Contractility: An Experimental Study.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of a carbohydrate-rich diet on detrusor contractility in rats.

Materials And Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into two groups. The control group received regular food and water.

A pilot study assessing the association between paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphism and prostate cancer.

Objective: We aimed to show the relationship between paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene polymorphism and the development of prostate cancer (PCa).

Material And Methods: We investigated the association of single nuclotide polymorphisms of PON1 enzyme with the development of PCa risk. A total of 147 male patients were divided into PCa, and control groups.

Evaluation of Overactive Bladder in Male Antidepressant Users: A Prospective Study.

Purpose: In this study, we investigated overactive bladder (OAB) functions in male patients who used antidepressant drugs (ADs) that were previously examined in female patients, based on conflicting data in literature regarding the effects of AD on OAB and the differences between male and female urinary system physiologies (anatomical and hormonal).

Methods: The study included 202 male patients (a control group of 90 healthy subjects, and an experimental group of 112 patients taking ADs for different disorders). All the patients completed the overactive bladder-validated 8 (OAB-V8) questionnaire, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDS).

Evaluation of the effects of omega-3 & interferon alpha-2b administration on partial bladder outlet obstruction in a rat model.

Background & Objectives: In bladder outlet obstruction-induced rat models, the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and collagen ratios have been shown to be increased. Increased TGF-β leads to fibrosis. In this study, the effect of omega-3 and interferon alpha-2b (IFN α-2b) was investigated on oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in bladder structure in a partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) rat model.