IBD in the elderly population: Epidemiology, long-term disease course, surgery rates and biological use - data from the Veszprem county cohort between 1977-2020.

Background And Aims: Limited data are available on long-term disease outcomes in elderly-onset (EO) inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) from well-defined population-based cohorts. Our aim was to analyze incidence, disease course, surgery rates and therapeutic strategies of EO IBD in a prospective population-based cohort.

Methods: EO IBD was defined if diagnosis was established at ≥60years of age.

Photonic Band Gap Engineering by Varying the Inverse Opal Wall Thickness.

We demonstrate the band gap programming of inverse opals by fabrication of different wall thickness by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The opal templates were synthesized using polystyrene and carbon nanospheres by the vertical deposition method. The structure and properties of the TiO inverse opal samples were investigated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations.

NiO Nano- and Microparticles Prepared by Solvothermal Method-Amazing Catalysts for CO Methanation.

Nickel oxide (NiO) is one of the most popular hydrogenation catalysts. In heterogeneous catalysis, nickel oxide is used, for example, as a suitable methanation catalyst in the Fischer-Tropsch reaction not only for CO hydrogenation but also in the modified Fischer-Tropsch reaction with CO. However, CH selectivity and CO conversion strongly depend on NiO micro- (MPs) and nanoparticles' (NPs) shape, size, and surface area.

Burden of perianal disease in Crohn's disease: Accelerating medical therapy and high rates of perianal surgery over the last four decades - Results from a population-based study over four decades.

Background: Few population-based studies have investigated the prevalence and disease course of perianal manifestation in Crohn's disease.

Aims: To analyse the prevalence and outcomes of perianal Crohn's disease including medical therapies and need for perianal surgery, over different therapeutic eras based on the time of diagnosis; cohort A (1977-1995), cohort B (1996-2008), and cohort C (2009-2018) METHODS: Patient inclusion lasted between 1977 and 2018. We followed patients prospectively, and regularly reviewed both in-hospital and outpatient records.

Declining Trends of Reoperations and Disease Behaviour Progression in Crohn's Disease over Different Therapeutic Eras-A Prospective, Population-Based Study from Western Hungary between 1977-2020, Data from the Veszprem Cohort.

Background And Aims: Few population-based studies have investigated long-term surgery rates for Crohn's disease [CD]. Our aim was to analyse disease progression and surgery rates in a population-based cohort over different therapeutic eras, based on the time of diagnosis: cohort-A [1977-1995], cohort-B [1996-2008], and cohort-C [2009-2018].

Methods: A total of 946 incident CD patients were analysed (male/female: 496/450; median age at diagnosis: 28 years [y]; interquartile range [IQR]: 22-40]).

Synthesis of TiO/AlO Double-Layer Inverse Opal by Thermal and Plasma-Assisted Atomic Layer Deposition for Photocatalytic Applications.

In comparison to conventional nano-infiltration approaches, the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology exhibits greater potential in the fabrication of inverse opals (IOs) for photocatalysts. In this study, TiO IO and ultra-thin films of AlO on IO were successfully deposited using thermal or plasma-assisted ALD and vertical layer deposition from a polystyrene (PS) opal template. SEM/EDX, XRD, Raman, TG/DTG/DTA-MS, PL spectroscopy, and UV Vis spectroscopy were used for the characterization of the nanocomposites.

Epidemiology, Treatment Strategy, Natural Disease Course and Surgical Outcomes of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis in Western Hungary - A Population-based Study Between 2007 and 2018: Data from the Veszprem County Cohort.

Background And Aims: The number of population-based studies in ulcerative colitis [UC] from Eastern Europe is limited. Our aim here was to analyse the incidence, prevalence, disease phenotype, treatment strategy, disease course and colectomy rates in a prospective population-based inception cohort including UC patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2018. The present study is a continuation of the Veszprem IBD cohort since 1977.

Incidence, Prevalence, Disease Course, and Treatment Strategy of Crohn's Disease Patients from the Veszprem Cohort, Western Hungary: A Population-based Inception Cohort Study Between 2007 and 2018.

Background And Aims: The number of prospective population-based studies on Crohn's disease[CD] is still limited from Eastern Europe. The present study is a continuation of the Veszprem IBD cohort. Our aim was to analyse incidence, prevalence, disease phenotype, treatment strategy, disease course, and surgical outcomes in a prospective population-based inception cohort including CD patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2018.

Experimental Investigation of Rheological Properties and Thermal Conductivity of SiO-TiO Composite Nanofluids Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition.

In the current research, surface-modified SiO nanoparticles were used upon immersion in an applied base fluid (ethylene glycol:water = 1:1). The atomic layer deposition method (ALD) was introduced to obtain a thin layer of TiO to cover the surface of SiO particles. After the ALD modification, the TiO content was monitored by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).

Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of Atomic Layer Deposition Surface-Modified Carbon Nanosphere and Carbon Nanopowder Nanofluids.

In this paper, we present a study on thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids containing novel atomic layer deposition surface-modified carbon nanosphere (ALD-CNS) and carbon nanopowder (ALD-CNP) core-shell nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were produced by atomic layer deposition of amorphous TiO. The nanostructures were characterised by scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).

Growth and Characterization of Graphene Layers on Different Kinds of Copper Surfaces.

Graphene films were grown by chemical vapor deposition on Cu foil. The obtained samples were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron back-scatter diffraction. We discuss the time-dependent changes in the samples, estimate the thickness of emerging CuO beneath the graphene and check the orientation-dependent affinity to oxidation of distinct Cu grains, which also governs the manner in which the initial strong Cu-graphene coupling and strain in the graphene lattice is released.

Photocatalytic Crystalline and Amorphous TiO Nanotubes Prepared by Electrospinning and Atomic Layer Deposition.

In this work core/shell composite polymer/TiO nanofibers and from those TiO nanotubes were prepared. First, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) fibers were synthetized by electrospinning. They were covered with a 100 nm thick amorphous TiO layer by atomic layer deposition at 50 °C.

Interface induced diffusion.

Interface induced diffusion had been identified in a thin film system damaged by electron bombardment. This new phenomenon was observed in AlO (some nm thick)/Si substrate system, which was subjected to low energy (5 keV) electron bombardment producing defects in the AlO layer. The defects produced partially relaxed.

3D phase diagrams and the thermal stability of two-component Janus nanoparticles: effects of size, average composition and temperature.

Determining binary phase diagrams for nanoparticles proves to be a very difficult task regardless if it is tried either by computer simulations, theoretical considerations or experiments. In this work, using 3D Object Stochastic Kinetic Modelling Framework (3DO-SKMF) computer simulations, we reveal some of the reasons why this is the case. First of all, even the expressions "phase diagram" and "phase composition" are usually not well-defined.

Preparation of TiO/WO/C/N Composite Nanofibers by Electrospinning Using Precursors Soluble in Water and Their Photocatalytic Activity in Visible Light.

Extending the absorption range of TiO nanofibers to visible light is a great improvement of the photocatalytic property of TiO. In this study, TiO/WO/C/N nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning using precursors soluble in water then annealing in argon. Titanium(IV) bis(ammonium lactato)dihydroxide (TiBALDH) and ammonium metatungstate (AMT) were used as the precursor for TiO and WO respectively.

A versatile technique for in situ investigation of the effect of thin film cracking on gas permeation of coated flexible polymers.

In this work, we report the development of a measurement chamber linked with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) for in situ investigation of the effect of thin film cracking on the gas permeation of coated flexible polymeric substrates. The chamber enables the establishment of a bulged state of the substrate/coating system, which causes the cracking of the coating layer. The increase in the gas permeation rate due to the presence of cracks can be monitored precisely using the QMS without movement or re-clamping of the samples between each measurement step.

Synthesis and Stabilization of Support-Free Mesoporous Gold Nanoparticles.

Porous gold nanoparticles (PGNs) are usually prepared in an immobilized form on a solid substrate, which is not practical in many applications. In this work, a simple method is reported for the preparation and stabilization of mesoporous gold particles of a few hundred nanometers in size in aqueous suspension. Nanoparticles of Ag-Au alloy were fabricated on CaF 2 and Si/SiO 2 substrates by the solid-state dewetting method.

Encoding Information into Polyethylene Glycol Using an Alcohol-Isocyanate "Click" Reaction.

In this article, the capability of encoding information using a homologous series of monodisperse monomethoxypolyethylene glycols (mPEG), with a number of ethylene oxide units ranging from n = 5 to 8, and monodisperse linear aliphatic isocyanates containing a number of CH units from 3 to 7, is demonstrated. The "click" reaction of the two corresponding homologous series yielded 20 different isocyanate end-capped polyethylene glycol derivatives (mPEG-OCONHR) whose sodiated adduct ion's nominal / values spanned from 360 to 548, providing an average ca. 8 / unit for the storage of one-bit information.

Decoration of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes with Semiconductor Nanoparticles Using Atomic Layer Deposition.

Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs or "CNT forest") were decorated with semiconductor particles (TiO₂ and ZnO) by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Both the structure and morphology of the components were systematically studied using scanning (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Characterization results revealed that the decoration was successful in the whole bulk of VACNTs.

Electron irradiation induced amorphous SiO formation at metal oxide/Si interface at room temperature; electron beam writing on interfaces.

AlO (5 nm)/Si (bulk) sample was subjected to irradiation of 5 keV electrons at room temperature, in a vacuum chamber (pressure 1 × 10 mbar) and formation of amorphous SiO around the interface was observed. The oxygen for the silicon dioxide growth was provided by the electron bombardment induced bond breaking in AlO and the subsequent production of neutral and/or charged oxygen. The amorphous SiO rich layer has grown into the AlO layer showing that oxygen as well as silicon transport occurred during irradiation at room temperature.

Photocatalytic hollow TiO and ZnO nanospheres prepared by atomic layer deposition.

Carbon nanospheres (CNSs) were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, and coated with TiO and ZnO nanofilms by atomic layer deposition. Subsequently, through burning out the carbon core templates hollow metal oxide nanospheres were obtained. The substrates, the carbon-metal oxide composites and the hollow nanospheres were characterized with TG/DTA-MS, FTIR, Raman, XRD, SEM-EDX, TEM-SAED and their photocatalytic activity was also investigated.

Nanoporous Gold Nanoparticles and Au/AlO Hybrid Nanoparticles with Large Tunability of Plasmonic Properties.

Nanoporous gold nanoparticles (NPG-NPs) with controlled particle size and pore size are fabricated via a combination of solid-state dewetting and a subsequent dealloying process. Because of the combined effects of size and porosity, the NPG-NPs exhibit greater plasmonic tunability and significantly higher local field enhancement as compared to solid NPs. The effects of the nanoscale porosity and pore size on the optical extinction are investigated for the NPG-NPs with different particle sizes experimentally and theoretically.