Urinary tract infections among under-five children with congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract in hospitalized patients in Addis Ababa.

Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are significant clinical concerns in children. Children who have UTIs are also at risk of developing long-term complications, notably kidney disease and scarring UTIs. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of urinary tract infection and its determinants among under-five children with congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract in Addis Ababa.

Predictors of time to full enteral feeding in low birth weight neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit: a prospective follow up study.

Background: Survival of LBW infants has increased in recent years because of novel perinatal interventions, but the introduction and advancement of enteral feeds for low birth weight infants is challenging. In Ethiopia the proportion of low birth weight infants is thought to be 17.3%.

Survival and predictors of mortality among acute leukemia patients on follow-up in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A 5-year retrospective cohort study.

Background: Although Ethiopia has more than 78% of leukemia cases and a significant burden of the disease, the survival of leukemia patients in the country is poorly recognized. The purpose of this study was to assess the survival and predictors of acute leukemia patients.

Methods: A 5-year retrospective cohort study was conducted including all acute Leukemia patients who visited Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital between January 2015 and December 2019.

Magnitudes and Correlates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Syphilis among Pregnant Mothers Attending Antenatal Care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and syphilis are major sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among the general population in Ethiopia, which in turn result in a wide range of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hence, it is important to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of HIV, HBV, and syphilis infection among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 286 pregnant women from February 1, 2021, to March 30, 2021, in four selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa.

Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and Associated Factors Among Exposed Infants in Pastoralist Health Facilities, South Omo Zone, Ethiopia, 2020 - A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Although HIV/AIDS is affecting all age groups, it is a primary cause of illness and deaths among children globally. A significant bulk of HIV infections in children under the age of 15 were as a result of vertical transmission, where it accounts for 95% of childhood HIV infections in Ethiopia.

Objective: To assess the proportion of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV and associated factors among exposed infants on follow-up in pastoralist health facilities, South Omo, Ethiopia.

Genetic Diversity and Acquired Drug Resistance Mutations Detected by Deep Sequencing in Virologic Failures among Antiretroviral Treatment Experienced Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Patients in a Pastoralist Region of Ethiopia.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the drug resistance mutations and genetic diversity of HIV-1 in ART experienced patients in South Omo, Ethiopia.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted on 253 adult patients attending ART clinics for ≥6 months in South Omo. Samples with VL ≥1000 copies/mL were considered as virological failures (VF) and their reverse transcriptase gene codons 90-234 were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq.

Machine Learning Model Applied on Chest X-Ray Images Enables Automatic Detection of COVID-19 Cases with High Accuracy.

Purpose: This research was designed to investigate the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the rapid and accurate diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using digital chest X-ray images, and to develop a robust computer-aided application for the automatic classification of COVID-19 pneumonia from other pneumonia and normal images.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1100 chest X-ray images were randomly selected from three different open sources, containing 300 X-ray images of confirmed COVID-19 patients, 400 images of other pneumonia patients, and 400 normal X-ray images. In this study, a classical machine learning approach was employed.

Survival and Predictors of Mortality Among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients Initiating Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Debre-Berhan Referral Hospital, Amhara, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is one of the most destructive epidemics the world has ever witnessed. An estimated 36.9 million people were living with HIV in 2017.

Survival and predictors of mortality among human immunodeficiency virus patients on anti-retroviral treatment at Jinka Hospital, South Omo, Ethiopia: a six years retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The survival rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients receiving treatment in Ethiopia is poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the survival rate and predictors of mortality among HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Jinka Hospital, South Omo, Ethiopia.

Methods: A 6-year retrospective cohort study was conducted using 350 patient records drawn from 1,899 patients on ART at Jinka Hospital from September 2010 to August 2015.

Predictors of skilled assistance seeking behavior to pregnancy complications among women at southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional community based study.

Background: In Ethiopia, about 20,000 women die each year from complications of pregnancy and child birth with many more maternal morbidities occurring for each maternal deaths. This makes Ethiopia one of the highest countries for maternal deaths in the developing world. This study attempted to assess women's skilled assistance seeking behaviour for pregnancy complications among those who gave birth.

High load of multi-drug resistant nosocomial neonatal pathogens carried by cockroaches in a neonatal intensive care unit at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Cockroaches have been described as potential vectors for various pathogens for decades; although studies from neonatal intensive care units are scarce. This study assessed the vector potential of cockroaches (identified as Blatella germanica) in a neonatal intensive care unit setup in Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods: A total of 400 Blatella germanica roaches were aseptically collected for five consecutive months.