Effects of endotracheal suctioning duration cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants.

Aim: This study evaluates the effects of endotracheal suctioning duration on cerebral oxygenation and physiological parameters in preterm infants in intensive care.

Design: Prospective and observational s tudy.

Method: In this study, 51 preterm infants born at 28-34 weeks of gestation in NICU were evaluated.

Evaluation of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 polymorphism and intestinal microbiota in children with food allergies.

Background: Mutual regulation between immune system and gut microbiota is achieved through several mechanisms including the engagement of toll-like receptors (TLRs) which is expressed on numerous cell types. In this study we aimed to explore the association between food allergies and TLR gene polymorphisms in association with gut microbiota.

Methods: Toll-like receptors polymorphism frequencies and some bacteria in the gut microbiota in 130 infants aged 1-24 months with egg and/or milk allergy in a prospective cohort were compared with 110 non-food allergic controls.

Neonatal Resuscitation Practices in Turkey: A Survey of the Turkish Neonatal Society and the Union of European Neonatal and Perinatal Societies.

Objective: Optimal care in the delivery room is important to decrease neonatal morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate neonatal resuscitation practices in Turkish centers.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional survey consisted of a 91-item questionnaire focused on delivery room practices in neonatal resuscitation and was sent to 50 Turkish centers.

A family with interleukin-17 receptor A deficiency: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is characterized by recurrent or persistent infections of the skin, nail, oral, and genital mucosa with Candida species, mainly Candida albicans. In a single patient, the first genetic etiology of isolated CMC autosomal recessive interleukin-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) deficiency was reported in 2011.

Case: We report four patients with CMC who displayed autosomal recessive IL-17RA deficiency.

Evaluation of serum/salivary levels of carnosine and cotinine in recurrent wheezing of young children with passive smoking.

Background: Recurrent wheezing is common in young children, with a cumulative prevalence of up to 40 % in the first 6 years of life. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the number of wheezing episodes and the number of cigarettes smoked at home and serum / saliva cotinine and carnosine levels in children with recurrent wheezing.

Methods: This study was conducted with 80 young children with recurrent wheezing, aged between 1-4 years and 50 healthy control groups.

Evaluation of some predictive parameters for baked-milk tolerance in children with cow's milk allergy.

Background: Inclusion of baked-milk products to the diet appears to markedly accelerate tolerance to unheated milk compared to a strict avoidance diet.

Objective: : The present study aims to investigate the predictors of baked-milk tolerance in children with Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated cow's milk (CM) allergy.

Methods: The study included 80 patients diagnosed with IgE-mediated CM allergy upon oral food challenge (OFC) testing at our clinic.

Airborne fungal spore relationships with meteorological parameters and skin prick test results in Elazig, Turkey.

Background: Since fungi spores have high concentrations in the atmosphere during most of the year, they have an important place in respiratory allergies. In this regard, the preparation of calendars showing fungi spore loads for residential areas has much importance in the treatment of the patients. The first aim of this study was to present the airborne fungal spore research results from Eastern Anatolia in Turkey.

The Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Asthmatic Children: A Case-Control Study.

The association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and the risk of asthma remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of VDR gene polymorphisms and VDR mRNA expression levels on respiratory function, nitric oxide levels in expiratory air, and serum vitamin D levels in children with asthma. The study included 80 healthy children (control group) and 100 asthmatic children (asthma group) between the age of 5 and 18 years.

Neonatal adrenal insufficiency: Turkish Neonatal and Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Societies consensus report.

It is difficult to make a diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency in the newborn, because the clinical findings are not specific and the normal serum cortisol level is far lower compared to children and adults. However, dehydratation, hyperpigmentation, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis should suggest the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. Hypotension which does not respond to vasopressors should especially be considered a warning.

Acute peritoneal dialysis in neonatal intensive care unit: An 8-year experience of a referral hospital.

Background: The aim of present study was to evaluate the indications, complications and outcomes of acute peritoneal dialysis (APD) in neonates at a referral university hospital during the previous 8 years.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included a total of 52 newborn infants who underwent APD in a neonatal intensive care unit between January 2008 and March 2016. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and microbiological data were extracted from patients' medical files.

Neonatal Gastrointestinal Perforations: the 10-Year Experience of a Reference Hospital.

The aim of this study was to present our experiences with, as well as the factors that affect, the treatment and outcome of patients with neonatal gastrointestinal perforations (GIPs). Thirty-eight newborn cases that were operated on for GIP in our hospital's tertiary newborn intensive care unit between January 2005 and December 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into the two following groups: group 1, perforations related to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and group 2, non-NEC perforations.

Magnesium-permeable polymorphisms in patients with meningomyelocele.

Background: To evaluate whether there is an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in magnesium-permeable ion channel and development of meningomyelocele (MMC). Therefore, we examined a total of 150 children with MMC, along with age- and gender-matched controls. DNA collected from whole blood was analyzed for the presence of two polymorphisms, rs2274924 (A > G; K1579E; Leu1579Glu) and rs3750425 (G > A; Val1393Ile), in .

Percutaneous peritoneal drainage in isolated neonatal gastric perforation.

A comment on the article by He et al, "Idiopathic neonatal pneumoperitoneum with favorable outcome: A case report and review", published on World Journal of Gastroenterology that reported a case of idiopathic neonatal pneumoperitoneum, possibly due to gastric perforation, with a favorable outcome without surgical intervention.

Distribution of inhalant allergies in pediatric patients presenting with allergic complaints in the Eastern Anatolia Region.

Background: The objective of this study was to define the distribution of inhalant allergens in pediatric patients in whom sensitization was diagnosed with a skin prick test (SPT) who had presented with allergic complaints. In addition, the correlation between the inhalant allergens detected on the SPT and the patients' demographic features, diagnosis, and laboratory findings was defined.

Methods: A total of 1415 children among the 4056 patients who presented at a clinic in the Eastern Anatolia region with allergic complaints and who had undergone an SPT were included in this study.

Assessment of the levels of serum Hsp 70 and ghrelin in children with simple febrile convulsions.

Background: In this study we aimed to evaluate the serum levels of Heat-shock protein (Hsp) 70 and acylated and desacylated ghrelin in patients suffering from a simple febrile convulsion.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients who were diagnosed with a simple febrile convulsion, afebrile tonic-clonic epileptic seizure and upper respiratory tract infection when admitted to our hospital. All patients were aged between six months and 60 months.

Serum, urine, and saliva levels of ghrelin and obestatin pre- and post-treatment in pediatric epilepsy.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to determine the serum, urine, and saliva levels of acyl ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin, and obestatin in the newly diagnosed idiopathic generalized pediatric epilepsy patients in the pretreatment period and in the third month of valproic acid.

Material And Methods: Thirty pre- and post-treatment cases of patients who were diagnosed with idiopathic generalized epilepsy and 30 control patients were included in this study. Serum, saliva, and urine levels of ghrelin were measured in epileptic group and in the control group in the pretreatment period and in the third month of the treatment.

Polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in transient tachypnea of neonate and respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: Transient tachypnea of neonate (TTN) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn are the most common cause of early respiratory distress in the immediate neonatal period. There is increasing evidence to support the role for the activation of the renin angiotensin system during acute lung injury.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism, ACE activity and TTN and respiratory distress syndromes.

Distinguishing between bacterial and aseptic meningitis in children: European comparison of two clinical decision rules.

Background: Clinical decision rules (CDRs) could be helpful to safely distinguish between bacterial and aseptic meningitis (AM).

Objective: To compare the performance of two of these CDRs for children: the Bacterial Meningitis Score (BMS) and the Meningitest.

Design: Secondary analysis of retrospective multicentre hospital-based cohort study.

Microalbuminuria in chronic hepatitis B infection.

We examined for microalbuminuria in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and the effect of antiviral treatment. Group I consisted of 38 patients who were inactive HbsAg carriers; group II included 21 HBeAg positive patients with chronic HBV infection who responded to antiviral treatment at 6 months; group III consisted of 24 patients with chronic HBV infection who did not respond to treatment at the end of 6 months; and group IV consisted of healthy controls. Initial level of microalbuminuria was significantly higher in group II compared to the levels measured at 3, 6, and 9 months (P<0.