Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients.

: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress proteins. The endogenous nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) is a mediator of endothelial dysfunction. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus causes endothelial dysfunction and coagulopathy through severe inflammation and oxidative stress.

Diagnostic Value of Galectin-3 in Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by acute exacerbations. Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Exacerbations in COPD reduce the quality of life and are associated with rapid disease progression.

The effects of disease severity and comorbidity on oxidative stress biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnea.

Purpose: Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) are biomarkers used to evaluate oxidative stress status in various diseases including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In this study, we investigated the effects of disease severity and comorbidity on IMA, TOS and TAS levels in OSA.

Methods: Patients with severe OSA (no-comorbidity, one comorbidity, and multiple comorbidities) and mild-moderate OSA (no-comorbidity, one and multiple comorbidities), and healthy controls were included in the study.

Efficacy of serum apelin and galectin-3 as potential predictors of mortality in severe COVID-19 patients.

Apelin is a cardioprotective biomarker while galectin-3 is a pro-inflammatory and profibrotic biomarker. Endothelial dysfunction, hyperinflammation, and pulmonary fibrosis are key mechanisms that contribute to the development of adverse outcomes in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. This study aims to analyze the prognostic value of serum apelin and galectin-3 levels to early predict patients at high risk of mortality in patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Carbonic Anhydrase IX as a Marker of Disease Severity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background and Objectives: Carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes are a family of metalloenzymes that contain a zinc ion in their active sites. CA enzymes have been implied in important situations such as CO2 transport, pH regulation, and oncogenesis. CA-IX is a transmembrane glycoprotein and stimulates the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) CA-IX.

Using artificial intelligence to improve the diagnostic efficiency of pulmonologists in differentiating COVID-19 pneumonia from community-acquired pneumonia.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly turned into a global health problem. Computed tomography (CT) findings of COVID-19 pneumonia and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) may be similar. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a popular topic among medical imaging techniques and has caused significant developments in diagnostic techniques.

Can copeptin predict the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 infection?

Objetive: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly turned into a health problem globally. Early and effective predictors of disease severity are needed to improve the management of the patients affected with COVID-19. Copeptin, a 39-amino acid glycopeptide, is known as a C-terminal unit of the precursor pre-provasopressin (pre-proAVP).

MTU-COVNet: A hybrid methodology for diagnosing the COVID-19 pneumonia with optimized features from multi-net.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish and evaluate a fully automatic deep learning system for the diagnosis of COVID-19 using thoracic computed tomography (CT).

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, a novel hybrid model (MTU-COVNet) was developed to extract visual features from volumetric thoracic CT scans for the detection of COVID-19. The collected dataset consisted of 3210 CT scans from 953 patients.

The effect of radiological distribution on the COVID-19 disease.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of radiological distribution on COVID-19 clinic and prognosis and to determine the relationship between laboratory parameters and thorax CT findings.

Materials And Methods: Patients with COVID-19 were evaluated retrospectively. Laboratory parameters were obtained from medical records.

The role of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the differential diagnosis of isolated mediastinal and/or hilar lymphadenopathy.

Introduction: Isolated mediastinal and/or hilar lymphadenopathy (IMHL) has become an increasingly common finding as a result of the increased use of thoracic imaging modalities. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is accepted as the first step diagnostic method in the differential diagnosis of IMHL.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic yield of the procedure and to analyze clinical and sonographic findings that can be used to differentiate the etiology of lymph node pathologies.

How can we use positron emission tomography/computed tomography more accurately for characterization of asbestos-related pleural thickening?

Introduction: There is no consensus about the standardized uptake value maximum (SUV) cut-off value to characterize pleural thickening worldwide. Sometimes, this causes unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures. Our first aim is to determine a cut-off value for SUV.

Efficacy of copeptin in distinguishing COVID-19 pneumonia from community-acquired pneumonia.

The clinical symptoms of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated pneumonia are similar. Effective predictive markers are needed to differentiate COVID-19 pneumonia from CAP in the current pandemic conditions. Copeptin, a 39-aminoacid glycopeptide, is a C-terminal part of the precursor pre-provasopressin (pre-proAVP).

Effect of Asbestos Exposure on the Frequency of EGFR Mutations and ALK/ROS1 Rearrangements in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Multicentric Study.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of asbestos exposure on cancer-driver mutations.

Methods: Between January 2014 and September 2018, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK), and c-ros oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase gene (ROS1) alterations, demographic characteristics, asbestos exposure, and asbestos-related radiological findings of 1904 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were recorded.

Results: The frequencies of EGFR mutations, ALK, and ROS1 rearrangements were 14.

Endocan as a potential biomarker of disease severity and exacerbations in COPD.

Introduction: Endocan is a proteoglycan that is regarded as a novel marker of endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction in pulmonary vascular bed is known to play an important role for the pathogenesis of COPD.

Objective: This study aimed to determine serum endocan levels in patients with stable COPD and acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) and to test the relationship between serum endocan levels and exacerbations.

Endocan as a marker of disease severity in pulmonary thromboembolism.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the serum endocan levels in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and investigate whether a relationship exists between serum endocan levels and the disease severity.

Materials And Methods: The study included 85 patients with acute PTE and 40 healthy control subjects. The patients with PTE were divided into three groups at admission as "high-risk", "intermediate-risk" and "low-risk", considering the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology.

Association Between Titration Method and Outcomes of First Night Satisfaction and CPAP Compliance.

Introduction: The gold standard therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Our study evaluated the relationship between first night satisfaction and CPAP compliance, and the effect of using the titration method in this relationship.

Methods: Between January 2012 and December 2012, 40 patients with the diagnosis of OSAS and without comorbidities, who had undergone CPAP titration, were included.

Sleep Quality Is Related to Disease Activity in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Polysomnographic Study.

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is associated with poor sleep quality.

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between disease activity and sleep quality in patients with AS and to evaluate the potential effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment on sleep quality and pattern.

Methods: Fifty-nine patients with AS were consecutively included in the study.

Approach of pulmonologists in Turkey to noninvasive mechanical ventilation use at home for chronic respiratory failure.

Introduction: To define approach of pulmonologists in Turkey to noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) use for chronic respiratory failure (CRF), the most currently applied technique for home mechanical ventilation.

Patients And Methods: A 38-question survey, developed and tested by the authors, was distributed throughout Turkey to 2205 pulmonologists by e-mail.

Result: Twenty-seven percent of the pulmonologists responded (n=596).

The Importance of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease characterized by airflow limitation and systemic inflammation. Recently, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has gathered increasing interest in the detection of inflammation in inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the role of NLR in COPD for identifying the detection of inflammation and recognition of acute exacerbation.

Approach of pulmonologists in Turkey to noninvasive mechanical ventilation use in acute respiratory failure.

Introduction: Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) has been increasingly used worldwide for acute respiratory failure (ARF), especially in patients with chronic lung disorders. We aimed to define the approach of pulmonologists in Turkey to NIV use for ARF management.

Materials And Methods: A 38-question survey, developed and tested by authors, was distributed by e-mail to a total of 2.

Assessment of heat shock proteins and endothelial dysfunction in acute pulmonary embolism.

We determined the levels of some heat shock proteins (HSP27, HSP70, and HSP90), L-arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) levels in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. The present case-control study comprised a healthy control group (n = 57) and patients with acute pulmonary embolism (n = 84). HSPs, L-arginine, ADMA, and SDMA levels were measured in all of the cases.

Evaluation of the preventive effect of dexpanthenol in radiation injury by lung perfusion scintigraphy: a preclinical experimental model of radiation injury.

Aim: The aim of this study was to show the preventative effects of dexpanthenol in radiation injuries caused by radiotherapy (RT) through the use of lung perfusion scintigraphy in the pre-RT and post-RT periods.

Materials And Methods: Six male New Zealand rabbits (5-6 months of age and ∼2.5-3 kg in weight) were the used in this study.

The efficacy of CT for detection of right ventricular dysfunction in acute pulmonary embolism, and comparison with cardiac biomarkers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate results from computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) indicative of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD), and to assess the relationship of these results with cardiac biomarkers and mortality among patients with acute PE.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study involved 118 patients with acute PE proved by CTPA. CTPA variables were analyzed and compared with cardiac biomarkers and echocardiography (ECHO) findings.

Heat Shock Proteins, L-Arginine, and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Levels in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Objective: Vascular endothelial inflammation and enhanced oxidative stress are important factors in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The aim of this study was to determine the levels of heat shock protein (HSP) 27, HSP70, HSP90, L-arginine, and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in patients with OSAS and determine their relationship with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors.

Material And Methods: Forty patients with OSAS, comprising 26 with and 14 without traditional CV risk factors (obesity, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking), and 20 control subjects without OSAS were included.

A case of plastic bronchitis.

Plastic bronchitis, causing airway obstruction, is a rare condition, especially in adults. In this paper, an adult male patient with heart failure, viral hepatitis, and a history of previous pneumonia, and expectorating white, plaque-like secretions for the last 6 months is presented along with the review of the relevant literature. The material expectorated by the patient was evaluated; macroscopically, this material was observed to be identical to the shape of bronchial branching.