Current State of Community-Driven Radiological AI Deployment in Medical Imaging.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become commonplace in solving routine everyday tasks. Because of the exponential growth in medical imaging data volume and complexity, the workload on radiologists is steadily increasing. AI has been shown to improve efficiency in medical image generation, processing, and interpretation, and various such AI models have been developed across research laboratories worldwide.

Loss of WWOX contributes to cisplatin resistance in triple-negative breast cancer cells by modulating miR-182 and miR-214.

Background/aim: WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) loss frequently occurs in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). WWOX loss enhances cisplatin resistance in TNBC patients. Although WWOX loss has an effect on the selection of a DNA repair pathway that contributes to enhanced mutagenesis, the downstream expression changes in resistant cancer cells have not been fully explored.

Is Mean Platelet Volume a Predictive Marker for the Development of Thrombosis in Patients with COVID-19 Infection?

Mean platelet volume (MPV) can provide important information about the course and prognosis of many diseases. MPV is an early indicator of platelet activation, which has an important role in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether MPV was a predictive marker for the development of thrombosis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection.

[Investigation of the Effect of Farnesol on Biofilm Formation by Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis Complex Isolates].

The incidence of infections caused by Candida species has significantly increased over the past three decades. Candida albicans is commonly recognized as the primary causative agent in cases of candidiasis; however, non-albicans Candida species, including Candida parapsilosis, are also frequently defined as pathogens. Treatment-resistant infections arise as a result of biofilm formation, which is one of the effective mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Candida infections.

Oncolytic Increases Autophagy in Multiple Myeloma.

Objective: Multiple myeloma, which affects plasma cells, is the second most common hematological malignancy. Despite the development of new drugs and treatment protocols, patient survival has not reached the desired level. In this study, we investigated the effects of (MYXV), an oncolytic virus, on autophagy in myeloma cells.

Myxoma Virus Combination Therapy Enhances Lenalidomide and Bortezomib Treatments for Multiple Myeloma.

This study aimed to explore the effectiveness and safety of (MYXV) in MM cell lines and primary myeloma cells obtained from patients with multiple myeloma. Myeloma cells were isolated from MM patients and cultured. MYXV, lenalidomide, and bortezomib were used in MM cells.

Greater burden of white matter lesions and silent infarcts ipsilateral to carotid stenosis.

Objectives: Carotid stenosis may cause silent cerebrovascular disease (CVD) through atheroembolism and hypoperfusion. If so, revascularization may slow progression of silent CVD. We aimed to compare the presence and severity of silent CVD to the degree of carotid bifurcation stenosis by cerebral hemisphere.

Novel zinc oxide nanoparticles of Teucrium polium suppress the malignant progression of gastric cancer cells through modulating apoptotic signaling pathways and epithelial to mesenchymal transition.

Management of gastric cancer is still challenging due to resistance to current chemotherapeutics and recurrent disease. Moreover, green- synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using natural resources are one of the most promising therapeutic agents for anticancer therapy. Here we report the facile green synthesis and characterization of ZnO-NPs from Teucrium polium (TP-ZnO-NP) herb extract and the anticancer activities of these nanoparticles on gastric cancer cells.

Pre-deployment assessment of an AI model to assist radiologists in chest X-ray detection and identification of lead-less implanted electronic devices for pre-MRI safety screening: realized implementation needs and proposed operational solutions.

Purpose: Chest X-ray (CXR) use in pre-MRI safety screening, such as for lead-less implanted electronic device (LLIED) recognition, is common. To assist CXR interpretation, we "pre-deployed" an artificial intelligence (AI) model to assess (1) accuracies in LLIED-type (and consequently safety-level) identification, (2) safety implications of LLIED nondetections or misidentifications, (3) infrastructural or workflow requirements, and (4) demands related to model adaptation to real-world conditions.

Approach: A two-tier cascading methodology for LLIED detection/localization and identification on a frontal CXR was applied to evaluate the performance of the original nine-class AI model.

Protective effects of Acetobacter ghanensis against gliadin toxicity in intestinal epithelial cells with immunoregulatory and gluten-digestive properties.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish whether Acetobacter ghanensis, the probiotic characteristics of which were evaluated previously, attenuates gliadin-induced toxicity in intestinal epithelial cells with gluten-digestive and immunoregulatory properties.

Methods: A co-culture model of human intestinal epithelial cell (Caco-2) monolayers on top of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from patients with celiac disease (CD) was established. The gluten-digestive properties of A.

A novel combined index of D-dimer, fibrinogen, albumin, and platelet (FDAPR) as mortality predictor of COVID-19.

Background: In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARSCoV2 viruses, coagulation abnormalities are strongly correlated between disease severity and mortality risk.

Aims: The aim was to search for new indices to determine mortality risk. Fibrinogen times D-dimer to albumin times platelet ratio calculated with the formula (FDAPR index: ((Fibrinogen × D-dimer)/(Albumin × Platelet)) investigated as a mortality marker in COVID-19 patients.

C-Reactive Protein-to-Albumin Ratio as a Prognostic Inflammatory Marker in COVID-19.

 As a result of developed generalized inflammation, the main prognostic factor determining morbidity and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients is acute respiratory distress syndrome. The purpose of our study was to define (1) the laboratory tests that will contribute to the diagnosis and follow-up of COVID-19 patients, (2) the differences between the laboratory-confirmed (LC), unconfirmed (LUC), and control (C) groups, and (3) the variation between groups of acute-phase reactants and biomarkers that can be used as an indicator of disease severity and inflammation.  A total of 102 patients undergoing treatment with COVID-19 interim guidelines were evaluated.

Effects of Non-Thermal Treatment on Gilaburu Vinegar ( L.): Polyphenols, Amino Acid, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Properties.

Gilaburu ( L.) is an important fruit that has been studied in recent years due to its phytochemicals and health benefits. In this study, traditionally produced vinegar made from gilaburu fruit (C-GV) was evaluated.

Trends and Predictors of Imaging Utilization by Modality within an Academic Health System's Active Patient Population.

Rationale And Objectives: Evaluate trends and demographic predictors of imaging utilization at a university-affiliated health system.

Materials And Methods: In this single-institution retrospective study, per capita estimates of imaging utilization among patients active in the health system were computed by cross-referencing all clinical encounters (2004-2016) for 1,628,980 unique patients with a listing of 6,157,303 diagnostic radiology encounters. Time trends in imaging utilization and effects of gender, race/ethnicity, and age were assessed, with subgroup analyses performed by imaging modality.

Immunogenicity and safety of the CoronaVac vaccine in patients undergoing treatment for breast and lung cancer.

Objective: To compare seroconversion for SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) specific IgG positivity against two doses of the CoronaVac vaccine in breast and lung cancer patients receiving systemic therapy, to determine the factors affecting seropositivity, and to observe long-term results up to a secondary booster vaccine.

Results: The analysis included 201 cancer patients (99 breasts, 102 lungs; median age: 59 years (range: 28-92), 42.3 % men) and 97 controls (median age: 62 years (range: 24-87), 38.

A 5-year surveillance of healthcare-associated infections in a university hospital: A retrospective analysis.

Objectives: "Nosocomial infections" or "healthcare-associated infections" are a significant public health problem around the world. This study aimed to assess the rate of laboratory-confirmed healthcare-associated infections, frequency of nosocomial pathogens, and the antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial isolates in a University Hospital.

Methods: A retrospective evaluation of healthcare-associated infections in a University Hospital, between the years 2015 and 2019 in Tekirdag, Turkey.

Investigation of the Prevalence of Demodex spp. in Dermatological Diseases.

Objective: An increase in the counts of the mites that exist in the microbiota of healthy individuals may lead to some dermatological diseases. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of spp. among patients diagnosed with acne vulgaris, rosacea, perioral dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, and pityriasis folliculorum and the relationship between the demographic and clinical data of such patients and .

Immunogenicity after CoronaVac vaccination.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the seropositivity of CoronaVac-SinoVac vaccination in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) risk factors and comorbidities.

Methods: Immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody responses were examined on the 21st day after the second dose of CoronaVac-SinoVac 6 μg vaccine on the 28th day. SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels were measured by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in vaccinated health care workers (n=134) (Group I), vaccinated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (+) who had coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) disease (n=21) (Group II), and unvaccinated PCR (+) (n=28) (Group III) participants.

The incidence of acute kidney injury and its association with mortality in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 followed up in intensive care unit.

Introduction: The kidneys are some of the most frequently affected organs during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This multicenter study evaluated the incidence of and risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in COVID-19 patients followed up in intensive care unit (ICU) and its association with mortality.

Methods: Three hundred twenty-eight patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and hospitalized in ICU were included.

The 7+ Habits of Highly Effective Medical Directors.

Medical Directors in the pharmaceutical industry are responsible for fulfilling multiple roles, including scientific expert, conscience keeper and people leader, as well as being the external face of the organisation. The capabilities described in the book The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People® are not just the integral qualities of a successful leader, they are important capabilities that are critical to becoming an impactful medical leader too. As scientific, functional and enterprise leaders, country and cluster Medical Directors must possess these seven qualities.

Curcumin-meropenem synergy in carbapenem resistant curcumin-meropenem synergy.

Background And Objectives: The frequency of multiple resistant bacterial infections, including carbapenems, is increasing worldwide. As the decrease in treatment options causes difficulties in treatment, interest in new antimicrobials is increasing. One of the promising natural ingredients is curcumin.

A Pilot Randomized Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis.

Background: Tobacco smoking is associated with a reduced risk of developing sarcoidosis, and we previously reported that nicotine normalizes immune responses to environmental antigens in patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis. The effects of nicotine on the progression of pulmonary sarcoidosis are unknown.

Research Question: Is nicotine treatment well tolerated, and will it improve lung function in patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis?

Study Design And Methods: With local institutional review board approval, a randomized, double-blind, controlled pilot trial was conducted of daily nicotine transdermal patch treatment (21 mg daily) or placebo patch use for 24 weeks.

Constrained generative adversarial network ensembles for sharable synthetic medical images.

Sharing medical images between institutions, or even inside the same institution, is restricted by various laws and regulations; research projects requiring large datasets may suffer as a result. These limitations might be addressed by an abundant supply of synthetic data that (1) are representative (i.e.