Genome Insights into Beneficial Microbial Strains Composing SIMBA Microbial Consortia Applied as Biofertilizers for Maize, Wheat and Tomato.

For the safe use of microbiome-based solutions in agriculture, the genome sequencing of strains composing the inoculum is mandatory to avoid the spread of virulence and multidrug resistance genes carried by them through horizontal gene transfer to other bacteria in the environment. Moreover, the annotated genomes can enable the design of specific primers to trace the inoculum into the soil and provide insights into the molecular and genetic mechanisms of plant growth promotion and biocontrol activity. In the present work, the genome sequences of some members of beneficial microbial consortia that have previously been tested in greenhouse and field trials as promising biofertilizers for maize, tomato and wheat crops have been determined.

New insights on the Xylaria species (Ascomycota, Xylariales) with bright-coloured exudates: Xylaria aurantiorubroguttata sp. nov. and revision of X. haemorrhoidalis and X. anisopleura type collections.

A new species of Xylaria is described based on morphological characters of both sexual and asexual morphs, and molecular data based on nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer, α-actin, β-tubulin and RNA polymerase subunit II sequences. Xylaria aurantiorubroguttata is characterized by the presence of both upright, cylindrical, long-stipitate and globose to subglobose, short-stipitate stromata, immature stromatal stages producing at first orange and then red drops, and ascospores with a slightly oblique, straight half spore-length germ slit. We provide also new morphological descriptions for X.

Early Ultrasound Response and Progressive Transmural Remission After Treatment With Ustekinumab in Crohn's Disease.

Background & Aims: In this STARDUST substudy, the effect of ustekinumab on transmural bowel inflammation was assessed in adults with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease (CD) by using intestinal ultrasound (IUS), a noninvasive imaging procedure.

Methods: STARDUST was an international, multicenter, phase 3b, interventional, randomized controlled trial specifically designed to compare treat-to-target and standard-of-care treatment strategies in ustekinumab-treated CD patients. In this substudy, the most affected bowel segment at baseline by IUS was used for all analyses.

Alpine constructed wetlands: A metagenomic analysis reveals microbial complementary structure.

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are used to water treatment worldwide, however their application at high-altitude is poorly studied. In order to survive mountain winters, CWs rely on native flora and associated microbial communities. However, the choice of plant-microbes pairs more suitable for water treatment is challenging in alpine environments.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 1284-1382.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , from coastal sea sand. , on soil, on dead wood, from roots and leaves of and from capsules of , (incl. gen.

Plasticity, exudation and microbiome-association of the root system of Pellitory-of-the-wall plants grown in environments impaired in iron availability.

The investigation of the adaptive strategies of wild plant species to extreme environments is a challenging issue, which favors the identification of new traits for plant resilience. We investigated different traits which characterize the root-soil interaction of Parietaria judaica, a wild plant species commonly known as "Pellitory-of-the-wall". P.

Illuminating type collections of nectriaceous fungi in Saccardo's fungarium.

Specimens of spp. and were obtained from the fungarium of Pier Andrea Saccardo, and investigated via a morphological and molecular approach based on MiSeq technology. ITS1 and ITS2 sequences were successfully obtained from 24 specimens identified as '' sensu Saccardo (including 20 types) and from the type specimen of .

Taxonomic Re-Examination of Nine Types (Ascomycota, Xylariales) Stored in the Saccardo Mycological Collection.

In a recent monograph on the genus , type specimens worldwide were revised and re-classified using a morphological approach. Among them, some came from Pier Andrea Saccardo's fungarium stored in the Herbarium of the Padova Botanical Garden. In this work, we taxonomically re-examine via a morphological and molecular approach nine different Saccardo types.

Outstanding Pinkish Brown-Spored Neotropical Boletes: and (Boletaceae, Boletales) from the Dominican Republic.

The occurrence of and is documented from the Dominican Republic. The latter species is reported for the first time outside its original locality in Martinique, extending the geographic range for this uncommon pinkish-spored bolete. A detailed morphological description is provided for each species and accompanied by color pictures of fresh basidiomes in habitat and line drawings of the main anatomical features.

Predictivity of early and late assessment for post-surgical recurrence of Crohn's disease: Data from a single-center retrospective series.

Background And Aims: Post-surgical recurrence of Crohn's disease (CD) after ileocolonic resection is common. Early identification of features associated with recurrence is a standard procedure of postoperative management, but the prognostic role of such features when detected at later time points is unclear. We compared the predictivity for Crohn's disease recurrence of common clinical-instrumental variables when assessed early (<12 months) or late (>36 months) after surgery.

Switching from infliximab originator to a first biosimilar is safe and effective. Results of a case-control study with drug levels and antibodies evaluation.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease is treated with anti-TNF agents such as infliximab and its biosimilars, but use of biosimilars is limited due to perceived risks of adverse events.

Aim: To explore safety and effectiveness of switching from the infliximab originator to a first biosimilar.

Patients And Methods: Clinical and biological outcomes were compared between 53 patients who switched from the infliximab originator to the biosimilar CT-P13 (Switched group) and 13 patients treated with CT-P13 from the beginning (Naïve group).

Looking for Huijser & Vellinga (Agaricales, Agaricaceae).

is fully described based on a recent collection from Sardinia (Italy) and the holotype. NrITS- and nrLSU-based phylogeny demonstrates that sequences deposited in GenBank as "" and generated from two Dutch and one Chinese collections are not conspecific with the holotype and represent two distinct, undescribed species. These species are here proposed as sp.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 716-784.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , on leaf litter, from × hybrid, on subsp. on on on sp., on sp.

and are no longer alone: gen. nov. (), a new smooth-spored lamellate genus to accommodate the American species .

The monotypic genus is described as new to science based on This species occurs widely in eastern North America and Central America. It is reported for the first time from a neotropical montane pine woodland in the Dominican Republic. The confirmation of this newly recognised monophyletic genus is supported and molecularly confirmed by phylogenetic inference based on multiple loci (ITS, 28S, and ).

A new species of Rhodocybe sect. Rufobrunnea (Entolomataceae, Agaricales) from Italy.

is described from Italy as a new species based both on morphological and molecular nrITS/nrLSU data. It belongs in sect. Rufobrunnea and is characterised by massive tricholomatoid basidiomata with reddish-brown tinges, adnate and crowded lamellae, an enlarged stipe base with long rhizomorphs, long sinuose slender cheilocystidia, ellipsoid basidiospores and the presence of caulocystidia.

Diversity of polypores in the Dominican Republic: sp. nov. (Hericiaceae, Russulales).

The new species is described from the Dominican Republic based on morphological and molecular data (nrITS and nrLSU sequence analyses). It is mainly characterised by pileate basidiomata with a bright pinkish context and a di-trimitic hyphal system. Phylogenetically, it is sister to the African species and to the Asiatic .

Fungal Planet description sheets: 558-624.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: : (incl. gen. nov.

The abundance and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are linked to the soil chemistry of screes and to slope in the Alpic paleo-endemic Berardia subacaulis.

Berardia subacaulis Vill. is a monospecific genus that is endemic to the South-western Alps, where it grows on alpine screes, which are extreme habitats characterized by soil disturbance and limiting growth conditions. Root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is presumably of great importance in these environments, because of its positive effect on plant nutrition and stress tolerance, as well as on structuring the soil.

Fine-scale spatial distribution of orchid mycorrhizal fungi in the soil of host-rich grasslands.

Mycorrhizal fungi are essential for the survival of orchid seedlings under natural conditions. The distribution of these fungi in soil can constrain the establishment and resulting spatial arrangement of orchids at the local scale, but the actual extent of occurrence and spatial patterns of orchid mycorrhizal (OrM) fungi in soil remain largely unknown. We addressed the fine-scale spatial distribution of OrM fungi in two orchid-rich Mediterranean grasslands by means of high-throughput sequencing of fungal ITS2 amplicons, obtained from soil samples collected either directly beneath or at a distance from adult Anacamptis morio and Ophrys sphegodes plants.

The Influence of Tissue Ischemia Time on RNA Integrity and Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDX) Engraftment Rate in a Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Biobank.

Introduction: Bio-repositories are invaluable resources to implement translational cancer research and clinical programs. They represent one of the most powerful tools for biomolecular studies of clinically annotated cohorts, but high quality samples are required to generate reliable molecular readouts and functional studies. The objective of our study was to define the impact of cancer tissue ischemia time on RNA and DNA quality, and for the generation of Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDXs).

Clinical relevance and inter-test reliability of anti-infliximab antibodies and infliximab trough levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Treatment with infliximab is a common option for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Therapeutic drug monitoring could improve treatment management.

Aims: To test inter-test reliability of two commercially available diagnostic kits for infliximab trough levels and infliximab antibodies, and their association with treatment outcomes.

Cupreoboletus (Boletaceae, Boletineae), a new monotypic genus segregated from Boletus sect. Luridi to reassign the Mediterranean species B. poikilochromus.

Cupreoboletus is erected as a new monospecific genus of Boletaceae to accommodate the thermophilic southern European species Boletus poikilochromus, characterized by discoloration toward copper-red tints overall, hymenophore forming tiny crystals on drying, a pervasive and long lasting sweet odor and presence of pseudocystidia. Macro- and microscopic descriptions of the species based on re-examination of the type material and recent Italian collections including additional topotypical samples are provided and accompanied by photos and line drawings of the main anatomical structures. In addition, an epitype specimen is selected.

Circumscription and Taxonomic Arrangement of Nigroboletus roseonigrescens Gen. Et Sp. Nov., a New Member of Boletaceae from Tropical South-Eastern China.

Nigroboletus is proposed as a novel genus in family Boletaceae, subfamily Boletoideae, to include N. roseonigrescens, a new boletoid species from tropical environment in south-eastern China. Detailed morphological description, color pictures of both fresh basidiomes in habitat and dried material along with photomicrographs and line drawings of the main anatomical features are provided, supported by a comprehensive phylogeny based on multigene molecular analysis (nrITS, nrLSU, rpb1, rpb2 and tef1-α datasets).

Fungal Planet description sheets: 320-370.

Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Malaysia: Castanediella eucalypti from Eucalyptus pellita, Codinaea acacia from Acacia mangium, Emarcea eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana, Myrtapenidiella eucalyptorum from Eucalyptus pellita, Pilidiella eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana and Strelitziana malaysiana from Acacia mangium. Furthermore, Stachybotrys sansevieriicola is described from Sansevieria ehrenbergii (Tanzania), Phacidium grevilleae from Grevillea robusta (Uganda), Graphium jumulu from Adansonia gregorii and Ophiostoma eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus marginata (Australia), Pleurophoma ossicola from bone and Plectosphaerella populi from Populus nigra (Germany), Colletotrichum neosansevieriae from Sansevieria trifasciata, Elsinoë othonnae from Othonna quinquedentata and Zeloasperisporium cliviae (Zeloasperisporiaceae fam. nov.