Cortical thickness and surface area in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder and their unaffected siblings.

Little is known about the underlying neurobiological mechanisms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We aimed to examine cortical thickness and surface area in individuals with OCD and their unaffected siblings, comparing them to healthy controls. 30 patients with OCD, 21 unaffected siblings (SIB) and 30 controls underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging.

Fronto-striatal structures related with model-based control as an endophenotype for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Recent theories suggest a shift from model-based goal-directed to model-free habitual decision-making in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, it is yet unclear, whether this shift in the decision process is heritable. We investigated 32 patients with OCD, 27 unaffected siblings (SIBs) and 31 healthy controls (HCs) using the two-step task.

White matter microstructure and connectivity in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and their unaffected siblings.

Objective: We aimed to examine white matter microstructure and connectivity in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and their unaffected siblings, relative to healthy controls.

Methods: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) scans were acquired in 30 patients with OCD, 21 unaffected siblings, and 31 controls. We examined white matter microstructure using measures of fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD).

Rich club and reward network connectivity as endophenotypes for alcohol dependence: a diffusion tensor imaging study.

We aimed to examine the whole-brain white matter connectivity and local topology of reward system nodes in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and unaffected siblings, relative to healthy comparison individuals. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 18 patients with AUD, 15 unaffected siblings of AUD patients and 15 healthy controls. Structural networks were examined using network-based statistic and connectomic analysis.

Abnormal white matter integrity and decision-making deficits in alcohol dependence.

To date, there is no study that explored the correlation of microstructural changes in the whole brain white matter (WM) and decision-making in alcohol dependent patients (ADP). In the present study, we applied Tract Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) to study WM changes in ADP compared with healthy controls. We also tested whether there was any relationship between WM integrity and decision-making in ADP.