Biomechanical and histological analyses of a multilayer stent in a swine model of suprarenal aortic aneurysm.

Objectives: To analyze and compare, in an animal model, the treatment of thoracoabdominal aneurysms with multilayer stents and its hemodynamic effects through the biomechanical and histological analysis of the aortic wall in contact with the stent.

Methods: Large White pigs were randomized into two groups: Stent (n=6) and Control (n=5, non-stent). All animals were subjected to the creation of a suprarenal aneurysm with a bovine pericardial patch.

Cysteine and glycine-rich protein 3 (Crp3) as a critical regulator of elastolysis, inflammation, and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in abdominal aortic aneurysm development.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening vascular disease for which surgical or endovascular repair are the only currently available therapeutic strategies. The development of AAA involves the breakdown of elastic fibers (elastolysis), infiltration of inflammatory cells, and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). However, the specific regulators governing these responses remain unknown.

Biomechanical Analysis of Cadaveric Thoracic Aorta Zones: The Isthmus is the Weakest Region.

Background: The thoracic aorta is a site of multiple pathological processes, such as aneurysms and dissections. When considering the development of endovascular devices, this vessel has been extensively manipulated because of aortic diseases, as well as to serve as a route for procedures involving the head and neck vessels. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to obtain biomechanical experimental information about the strength and deformability of this vessel.

Removal of Intravascular Foreign Bodies With a Simple Low-Cost Method: A Report of 5 Cases.

Purpose: Intravascular embolization of hemodialysis and central venous catheters is a rare but potentially serious complication. With the increasing use of catheters in medical practice, we are often faced with this type of complication. Novel, simple, and low-cost techniques are needed for foreign body extraction in order to reduce cardiovascular risks.

Biomechanical and histological data from abdominal aortas harvested in autopsy.

This data article describes biomechanical and histological information of abdominal aortas harvested in autopsy. Eight abdominal aorta aneurysms (AAA) and 30 normal diameter abdominal aortas were collected and submitted to an inflation test up to their rupture. This inflation procedure was part of the research entitled "Experimental study of rupture pressure and elasticity of abdominal aortic aneurysms found at autopsy", submitted to Annals of Vascular Surgery.

Biomechanical Properties of the Periaortic Abdominal Tissue: It is Not as Fragile as It Seems.

Background: The perivascular adipose tissue has been studied as a critical element that could influence physiological and disease processes of the vessel covered by it. In terms of anatomy, during the abdominal aorta's dissection, it is possible to identify the periaortic adipose tissue and the periaortic parietal peritoneum lying over it, sealing the retroperitoneal space. They seem to be fragile layers, with apparently no biomechanical role in the abdomen.

Biomechanics data of human supra-aortic trunks and abdominal visceral arteries harvested during autopsy.

The present dataset describes the biomechanical properties of the supra-aortic trunks (brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery) and some of the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta (celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and renal arteries). The specimens have been harvested from 27 adult donors during the autopsy procedure. The vessels were submitted to uniaxial biomechanical tensile tests, and values of failure stress, failure tension, and failure strain were obtained.

A randomized clinical trial of the effects of saphenous and perforating veins radiofrequency ablation on venous ulcer healing (VUERT trial).

Objectives: To investigate whether radiofrequency endovenous ablation (RFA) of saphenous and perforating veins increases venous leg ulcer (VLU) healing rates and prevents ulcer recurrence.

Method: This prospective, open-label, randomized, controlled, single-center trial recruited 56 patients with VLU divided into: compression alone (CR, N = 29) and RFA plus compression (RF, N = 27). Primary endpoints were ulcer recurrence rate at 12 months; and ulcer healing rates at 6, 12, and 24 weeks.

Study of the Biomechanical and Histological Properties of the Abdominal Aorta of Diabetic Rats Exposed to Cigarette Smoke.

Introduction: In spite of the great relevance of abdominal aortic aneurysm, its etiopathogenesis is not fully understood. The biomechanical and histological study of the aortic wall may contribute to this elucidation.

Methods: Seventy-five male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control (CG), smoker (SG), diabetic (DG), and diabetic + smoker (DSG).

Development of a Puncture Technique for Implanting Temporary Vascular Shunts in a Porcine Model.

Background: Temporary vascular shunts (TVSs) are an effective tool for rapidly restoring blood flow to a limb or organ that has experienced vascular injury and ischemia and for which revascularization is not an immediate option. Usually, through an opening in the skin, the TVS is positioned within the proximal and distal stumps of the injured vessel, restoring perfusion and stopping the ischemia. The aim of this study is to compare standard TVS technique and a developed puncture technique for implanting TVS and to evaluate the utility and feasibility of this protocol after arterial lesions, in pigs.

Investigation of the observed rupture lines in abdominal aortic aneurysms using crack propagation simulations.

Objective: To use crack propagation simulation to study the rupture site characteristics in ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA).

Methods: Rupture lines were precisely documented in four ruptured AAA harvested whole from cadavers. Wall thickness and material parameters were experimentally determined.

Medical Therapy for Asymptomatic Patients and Stent Placement for Symptomatic Patients Presenting with Carotid Artery Near-Occlusion with Full Collapse.

Purpose: To report long-term results of stent placement and medical therapy for symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, respectively, with carotid artery near-occlusion with full collapse.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2010, 204 carotid arteries diagnosed by duplex scanning as exhibiting complete occlusion were re-examined with CT angiography; 46 arteries in 46 patients were patent with threadlike lumens and were reclassified as exhibiting near-occlusion with full collapse. Asymptomatic patients (n = 22) received best medical therapy (BMT) alone, and symptomatic patients (n = 24) were referred for carotid artery stent (CAS) placement plus BMT.

Endovascular Treatment of Penetrating Injury to the Vertebral Artery by a Stab Wound: Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: We describe a unique case of a patient with penetration of the cervical region by a stab wound, who required emergency care for the controlled removal of the knife and for vertebral artery trauma (VAT) treatment. Although rare, VAT causes high morbidity and mortality.

Methods: A patient admitted for emergency care was diagnosed with traumatic complete section of the vertebral artery by a knife and underwent removal of the knife under radioscopic supervision and vertebral artery embolization with coils.

Type II Endoleaks, Left-Arm Complications, and Need of Revascularization after Left Subclavian Artery Coverage for Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms Endovascular Repair: A Systematic Review.

Background: The status of the left arm, the need of revascularization, and the occurrence of type II endoleakes from de left subclavian artery (LSA) after intention LSA coverage for thoracic aortic aneurysm endovascular repair need to be better understood. This systematic review was developed for contributing with such issue.

Methods: Systematic literature review of studies published from January 2000 through December 2015 identified 7 studies comprising 201 patients submitted to elective endovascular repair for thoracic aortic aneurysms requiring intentional LSA coverage.

Carotid Plaque Morphology in Asymptomatic Patients with and without Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the morphology of carotid plaques, as evaluated using duplex ultrasound (DUS) with computer-assisted analysis.

Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, we analyzed 148 carotid artery plaques in asymptomatic patients. Data were obtained via clinical and laboratory examinations, and DUS was performed by a single operator.

Common Carotid Artery Occlusion: A Single-Center Experience in 40 Cases.

The incidence of common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO) is approximately 3% in patients who undergo angiography for symptomatic cerebrovascular disease; however, few studies have reported on management of this condition. The objective of this article was to analyze risk factors, therapeutic options, and clinical benefits of surgical treatment at a hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected from medical records of 40 patients with CCAO who were treated from June 2002 to October 2013.

Volumetry and biomechanical parameters detected by 3D and 2D ultrasound in patients with and without an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

The objective was to demonstrate the ability of ultrasound (US) with 3D properties to evaluate volumetry and biomechanical parameters of the aorta in patients with and without abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Thirty-one patients with normal aortas (group 1), 46 patients with AAA measuring 3.0-5.

Biomechanical Properties and Microstructural Analysis of the Human Nonaneurysmal Aorta as a Function of Age, Gender and Location: An Autopsy Study.

Introduction: The biomechanical failure properties and histological composition of the human nonaneurysmal aorta were studied.

Methods: Twenty-six human aortas were harvested from fresh cadavers at autopsy. A total of 153 circumferentially oriented strips were obtained from the aortas for biomechanical and histological studies.

A prospective randomized study comparing polidocanol foam sclerotherapy with surgical treatment of patients with primary chronic venous insufficiency and ulcer.

Background: To compare polidocanol foam sclerotherapy with surgical treatment of patients with primary chronic venous insufficiency and active ulcer treated at a single vascular center.

Methods: Fifty-eight limbs of 56 patients with active ulcers were prospectively randomized to undergo either surgical treatment or foam sclerotherapy. Patients completed the Aberdeen Varicose Veins Questionnaire (AVVQ), the Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), and Venous Disability Score (VDS).

Analysis of risk factors and diseases associated with atherosclerosis in the progression of carotid artery stenosis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the roles of demographic, clinical, and laboratory factors on the progression of atherosclerotic stenosis in carotid bifurcation. It was based on prospective information from records entered on a specific application form for follow-up outpatients at a tertiary university service.

Methods: Consecutive symptomatic and asymptomatic patients (n = 210) who had undergone more than one carotid duplex scan but no surgical intervention were selected for the analysis.

Endovascular model of abdominal aortic aneurysm induction in swine.

Abdominal aortic aneurysms are among the main causes of death. The high morbidity and mortality associated with aneurysm rupture and repair represents a challenge for surgeons and high risk for patients. Although experimental models are useful to understand, train, and develop new treatment and diagnostic methods for this pathology, animal models developed to date are far from ideal.

Correlation of bacterial coinfection versus matrix metalloproteinase 9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 expression in aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis.

Background: We searched for any relationship between Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) in aneurysmatic atherosclerotic lesions, and whether this relationship differed from that in atherosclerotic nonaneurysmatic lesions.

Methods: Twenty-eight tissue samples paired by age and sex were grouped as follows: group 1 included 14 nonaneurysmal atherosclerotic fragments obtained from abdominal aortas collected from necropsies; group 2 included 14 aneurysmatic atherosclerotic aortic fragments obtained from patients during corrective surgery. Immunohistochemistry reactions were evaluated for C pneumoniae, M pneumoniae, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 antigens.