Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition in which women without diabetes are diagnosed with glucose intolerance during pregnancy, typically in the second or third trimester. Early diagnosis, along with a better understanding of its pathophysiology during the first trimester of pregnancy, may be effective in reducing incidence and associated short-term and long-term morbidities.
Design: We comprehensively profiled the gut microbiome, metabolome, inflammatory cytokines, nutrition and clinical records of 394 women during the first trimester of pregnancy, before GDM diagnosis.
Objective: To determine if vaginal ultrasound for cervical length measurement induces the release of vaginal fetal fibronectin (fFN), leading to a false-positive fFN test.
Methods: Participants included women with singleton pregnancies at 24-34 weeks' gestation who presented with uterine contractions without bleeding or membrane rupture. Women who had had intercourse or underwent pelvic examination less than 24 h previously were excluded.