Cost effectiveness analysis of BRAF testing for low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas.

Objective: Given the good prognosis of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (lrPTMCs), accurate risk stratification is valuable to optimize management: active surveillance (AS) vs. hemithyroidectomy (HT). BRAF positive lrPTMC is associated with increased recurrence risk; hence, AS was suggested for mutation-negative lrPTMC.

The Safety of Pediatric Bedside Tracheostomy.

Objective: Traditionally, pediatric tracheostomy has been viewed as a technically demanding procedure with a high complication rate, requiring the routine use of a formal operating room. Pediatric bedside tracheostomy in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting has not been widely reported, in contrast to the widespread adult bedside ICU tracheostomy. Transport of these critically ill, multiple life support systems dependent patients can be technically difficult, labor intensive, and potentially risky for these patients.

ChatGPT's adherence to otolaryngology clinical practice guidelines.

Objectives: Large language models, including ChatGPT, has the potential to transform the way we approach medical knowledge, yet accuracy in clinical topics is critical. Here we assessed ChatGPT's performance in adhering to the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery guidelines.

Methods: We presented ChatGPT with 24 clinical otolaryngology questions based on the guidelines of the American Academy of Otolaryngology.

A Five-Decade Text Mining Analysis of Cochlear Implant Research: Where We Started and Where We Are Heading.

: Since its invention in the 1970s, the cochlear implant (CI) has been substantially developed. We aimed to assess the trends in the published literature to characterize CI. : We queried PubMed for all CI-related entries published during 1970-2022.

Paradigm Change for Intraoperative Surgical Margin Assessment for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: Achieving clear surgical margins is one of the primary surgical goals in treating oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and thus aiming to improve overall and disease-specific survival. Therefore, we developed the Goal-Oriented Assessment for Intraoperative Margin ('GAIM') protocol, a novel intraoperative approach for margin assessment, and present here our 5-year experience and outcomes.

Methods: 'GAIM' is a 7-step procedure comprising systematic ruler-aided resection of labeled tumor-bed margins, frozen section (FS) co-produced by both pathologists and operating surgeons, and immediate extension of resection according to FS findings.

Is There a Role for Molecular Testing for Low-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer? A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Molecular testing for thyroid nodules has been rapidly developed in recent years, aiming to predict the presence of malignancy and aggressive features. While commonly utilized to predict malignancy, its role in guiding the management approach is still developing. The high cost of genetic tests and long-term sequences of thyroid cancer is limiting to real-life studies.

Applicability of Transnasal Echography for Identification of Internal Carotid Artery.

Objective: To study the applicability of transnasal echography for the internal carotid artery (ICA) imaging during endoscopic procedures, primarily nasopharyngectomy.

Study Design: Non-randomized controlled cohort.

Methods: The tip of a pediatric transducer for transesophageal echography was inserted into each nostril under endoscopic control and placed in the ipsilateral Rosenmuller's fossa.

Is molecular testing in patients with low risk papillary thyroid carcinoma justified? A Markovian model.

Background: Current guidelines consider all cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) smaller than 4 cm and without extrathyroidal extension (ETE) and/or lymph node metastases as belonging to the same prognostic group, and therefore the recommendation is for uniform treatment. Xing draws our attention to a small subgroup with Duet Mutations (BRAF E600 and TERT 3636 genes) that are aggressive biologically and should be treated differently. Thus the aim of the present study is to test the validity of this recommendation.

A Novel Nonsurgical Technique for Correcting Congenital Auricular Anomalies.

Congenital ear anomalies are associated with psychological morbidity. Ear deformities can usually be corrected by nonsurgical techniques such as splinting or molding in the neonatal period, initiated before 6 weeks. Without early corrections, many will require otoplasty during childhood.

Airway management following head and neck microvascular reconstruction: is tracheostomy mandatory?

Objectives: Airway management following maxillofacial microvascular reconstruction is a fundamental part of the perioperative management. In oral cavity microvascular reconstruction, the airway is potentially compromised by airway edema, flap edema or bulkiness, hematoma formation, or upper airway sequelae from surgery. Classical teaching advocates elective tracheostomy in patients undergoing maxillofacial free flap reconstruction, while others keep patients intubated overnight (delayed extubation).

Comparison of lateral neck X-ray to neck CT in patients with suspicious bone impaction: "Old habits die hard".

Objective: Bone impaction (BI) is a common cause for emergency room visits. Among foreign bodies, fish bone is considered the most common. The sensitivity of symptoms in predicting BI is relatively low, making imaging a central tool to aid diagnosis.

Is intraoperative margin sampling necessary in inverted papilloma resection?

Purpose: To explore the association between intraoperative surgical margin sampling by the frozen sections and recurrence in inverted papilloma surgery.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective study of patients who underwent attachment-oriented IP resection in four tertiary care medical centers with a minimal follow-up of 36 months.

Results: The study included 220 surgeries with a mean follow-up period of 49 months (range 36-204).

Endoscopic Management of Benign Laryngo-Tracheal Stenosis: Balloon vs. Rigid Dilatation.

Background: Management of acquired laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is challenging and often requires recurrent procedures.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of balloon dilatation (BD) versus rigid dilatation (RD) in the treatment of LTS.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients undergoing endoscopic intervention for LTS was performed.

How face masks influence the sinonasal quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: To study different mask types' impact on a sinonasal quality of life.

Methods: For this observational cross-sectional study, a web-based survey was distributed via social media forums. We used the validated Hebrew version of the Sinonasal Outcome Test-22 followed by a questionnaire developed specifically for the present study, focusing on the time of the COVID-19 pandemic (Mask Sinonasal Outcome Test), and questions regarding general health issues.

Thyroid malignancy rates according to the Bethesda reporting system in Israel - A multicenter study.

Introduction: The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology was developed in 2007 to facilitate an accurate, reproducible communication of thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) interpretations between clinicians and cytopathologists and to serve as a guide for treatment. Based on large patient series, the system details the risk of malignancy for each category as well as a suggested management for each FNA result. Though this system has been widely adopted, there are only few studies to determine whether results are applicable for Israel.

Restricted Mouth Opening in Head and Neck Cancer: Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment.

Restricted mouth opening or trismus is often encountered in patients with head and neck cancer. The restriction may be the presenting sign of malignancy, a sequela of tumor site or growth, an adverse effect of oncologic treatment, or a first sign of tumoral recurrence. In general, any insult to the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, or their neural innervation may cause limitation in mouth opening.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid-otorhinolaryngological manifestations: a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) refers to a heterogeneous group of rare, chronic, inflammatory, mucous membrane-dominated, sub-epithelial blistering diseases that manifest with a varying constellation of oral, ocular, cutaneous, genital, nasopharyngeal, esophageal, and laryngeal lesions. MMP can progress to scarring in affected areas, which may lead to devastating complications including ocular involvement leading to blindness as well as laryngeal involvement leading to airway obstruction.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients that were followed in two tertiary academic centers between 2009 through 2017 for upper aerodigestive tract manifestations of MMP.

Epistaxis in the setting of antithrombotic therapy: A comparison between factor Xa inhibitors, warfarin, and antiplatelet agents.

Objectives/hypothesis: To describe the characteristics and severity of epistaxis in patients taking factor Xa inhibitors novel anticoagulants.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: A study of adult patients hospitalized due to spontaneous epistaxis under the treatment of warfarin, rivaroxaban, or apixaban between the years 2011 and 2017 was performed.

Endoscopic Surgery for Delayed Sinonasal Complications of Radiation Therapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Subjective Outcome.

Purpose: Delayed sinonasal complications of radiation therapy include choanal stenosis, osteoradionecrosis, chronic sinusitis, and intranasal synechiae. Only sporadic cases on their surgical treatment have been reported, with equivocal results.

Methods And Materials: We performed a prospective case series of all patients who had been surgically treated for delayed sinonasal complications of radiation therapy in our institution during the past 10 years.

Prognostic value of lymph node ratio in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Lymph node ratio (LNR) is increasingly reported as a potential prognostic tool. The purpose of this review was to analyze the available literature on the prognostic significance of LNR in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods: A PubMed internet search was performed and articles meeting selection criteria were reviewed.

Assessing the Different Oncologic Disease Distribution and Postoperative Complications of Octogenarian and Nonagenarian Head and Neck Oncology Patients.

Purpose: The admission rate of patients aged 80 years or older (oldest-old) with head and neck (HN) oncologic disease is on the rise. Our goal was to study the demographic characteristics, reasons for admission, types of surgical procedures, and postoperative complications of the oldest-old patients with HN malignancy.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all inpatients aged 80 years or older who were admitted to the department of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery or department of oral and maxillofacial surgery because of HN oncologic disease between 2009 and 2013.