The disulphide cleavage derivative (C42-4) of 11'-deoxyverticillin A (C42) fails to induce apoptosis and genomic instability in HeLa cells.

Our previous study revealed 11'-deoxyverticillin A (C42), a natural product isolated from the -associated fungus and a member of the epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs), induced both apoptosis and autophagy in HCT116 cells; however, the role of disulphide/polysulphide bridges of C42 in the regulation of autophagy remains unexplored. Here, we revealed that C42 activated both caspase-dependent apoptosis and autophagy in HeLa cells, whereas its disulphide cleavage derivative C42-4 failed to induce the cleavage of both caspase-3 and PARP-1. In contrast, both C42 and C42-4 increased the formation of autophagosomes, punctate staining of LC3, and the ratio of LC3-II to actin, suggesting that disulphide/polysulphide bridges are dispensable for the induction of the autophagic process.

Control of lipolysis by a population of oxytocinergic sympathetic neurons.

Oxytocin (OXT), a nine-amino-acid peptide produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary, has well-known actions in parturition, lactation and social behaviour, and has become an intriguing therapeutic target for conditions such as autism and schizophrenia. Exogenous OXT has also been shown to have effects on body weight, lipid levels and glucose homeostasis, suggesting that it may also have therapeutic potential for metabolic disease. It is unclear, however, whether endogenous OXT participates in metabolic homeostasis.

Polyene Carboxylic Acids from a sp. Isolated from Tibet Soil.

Six new polyene carboxylic acids named serpentemycins E-J (-), together with three known analogs (-), were isolated from the fermentation medium of sp. TB060207, which was isolated from arid soil collected from Tibet, China. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated mainly on the basis of HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses.

[Multi-omics technology and its applications to life sciences: a review].

With technological advances in high-throughput sequencing, high resolution mass-spectrometry, and multi-omics data integrative tools and data repositories, the omics research in life sciences are evolving from single-omics strategy to multi-omics strategy. The research of system biology driven by multi-omics will bring a new paradigm in life sciences. This paper briefly summarizes the development of genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, highlights the composition and function of multi-omics platforms as well as the applications of multi-omics technology, and prospects future applications of multi-omics in synthetic biology and biomedicine.

New 8-prenylated quercetin glycosides from the flowers of and their testosterone production-promoting activities.

Phytochemical investigation was carried out for the flowers of Franchet. by first conducting LC-MS analysis, leading to the identification of 32 compounds. Furthermore, guided by LC-MS profiling, three new 8-prenylated quercetin glycosides (3'-hydroxylikarisoside C, 3'-hydroxylepimedoside E, 3'-hydroxyldiphylloside B), one new anthocyanin (delphinidin-3---coumaroyl-sophoroside) and six known compounds were isolated from the flowers of for the first time, and their structures were characterized based on spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR, and HRESIMS.

Quantitative characterization of filamentous fungal promoters on a single-cell resolution to discover cryptic natural products.

Characterization of filamentous fungal regulatory elements remains challenging because of time-consuming transformation technologies and limited quantitative methods. Here we established a method for quantitative assessment of filamentous fungal promoters based on flow cytometry detection of the superfolder green fluorescent protein at single-cell resolution. Using this quantitative method, we acquired a library of 93 native promoter elements from Aspergillus nidulans in a high-throughput format.

c-Myc-Regulated lncRNA-IGFBP4 Suppresses Autophagy in Cervical Cancer-Originated HeLa Cells.

LncRNAs are known to regulate a plethora of key events of cellular processes; however, little is known about the function of lncRNAs in autophagy. Here in the current study, we report lncRNA-IGFBP4 which has previously been known to regulate the proliferation and reprogramming of cancer cells, but its role in autophagy is not yet known. We found that serum starvation provokes autophagy-induced downregulation of lncRNA-IGFBP4 levels.

Grb2 interacts with necrosome components and is involved in rasfonin-induced necroptosis.

The underlying mechanism by which growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) regulates necroptosis remains unexplored. In the present study, we found that rasfonin, a fungal natural product and an activator of necroptosis, enhanced Grb2 binding to receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIP1), which plays a critical role in regulating programmed necrosis. Moreover, we observed that SQSTM/p62 (p62), a protein that can form necrosomes with RIP1, increased its interaction with Grb2 upon rasfonin challenge.

Caesalpinbondin A, a Novel Diterpenoid Lactone With an Unprecedented Carbon Skeleton from the Seeds of .

One novel diterpenoid lactone named caesalpinbondin A () that possesses an unprecedented tetracyclic ring system in which a 6/6/5-fused tricyclic ring and a 4,5-dimethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one were connected by a C-C single bond comprising a 5-(naphtho [2,3-b]furan-7-yl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one moiety was isolated from the seeds of . Its chemical structure was established by extensive spectroscopic methods, and its absolute configuration was further determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and electronic circular dichroism calculation. The biological evaluation suggested that compound demonstrated potent anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) bioactivity, which could delay paralysis of transgenic AD .

Immunogenicity and Safety of a Booster Dose of Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine, and Immune Persistence of a Primary Dose for Children Aged 2 to 6 Years.

Aim: To evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a booster dose of live attenuated varicella vaccine (VarV) manufactured by Sinovac (Dalian) Vaccine Technology Co. Ltd., and the immune persistence of a primary dose in 2- to 6-year-old children.

Sorbicillinoid Derivatives with the Radical Scavenging Activities from the Marine-Derived Fungus C10.

Sorbicillinoids are a class of structurally diverse hexaketide metabolites with good biological activities. To explore new structural sorbicillinoids and their bioactivities, the marine-derived fungus C10 was studied. Three new sorbicillinoid derivatives, acresorbicillinols A-C (-), along with five known ones, trichotetronine (), trichodimerol (), demethyltrichodimerol (), trichopyrone () and oxosorbicillinol (), were isolated.

Diterpenoids and C Nor-Isoprenoid Identified From the Leaves and Twigs of Activating Apoptosis and Pyroptosis.

(Family Euphorbiaceae) is an annual aromatic plant endemic to Yunnan Province, China, which yields an aromatic, spicy oil used as a flavoring and fragrance. The aim of the present study was to acquire secondary metabolites from the leaves and twigs of and to evaluate their cytotoxic activity. Five new diterpenoids, croyanhuins A-E (-), and one new C nor-isoprenoid, croyanhuin F (), were isolated from the leaves and twigs of .

Exploring Verrucosidin Derivatives with Glucose-Uptake-Stimulatory Activity from Using MS/MS-Based Molecular Networking.

Under the guidance of LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking, seven new verrucosidin derivatives, penicicellarusins A-G (-), were isolated together with three known analogues from the fungus . The structures of the new compounds were determined by a combination of NMR, mass and electronic circular dichroism spectral data analysis. The absolute configuration of penicyrone A () was corrected based on X-ray diffraction analyses.

Cyclic Tetrapeptides with Synergistic Antifungal Activity from the Fungus Using LC-MS/MS-Based Molecular Networking.

Fungal natural products play a prominent role in the development of pharmaceuticalagents. Two new cyclic tetrapeptides (CTPs), westertide A () and B (), with eight known compounds (-) were isolated from the fungus guided by OSMAC (one strain-many compounds) and molecular networking strategies. The structures of new compounds were unambiguously determined by a combination of NMR and mass data analysis, and chemical methods.

The unique Akt inhibitor SC66 suppressed AMPK activity and abolished autophagy through the EGFR-p62 pathway.

Akt is usually considered to be a negative regulator of both autophagy and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. In the present study, we found that SC66, a pyridine-based allosteric Akt inhibitor, suppressed basal and H O -induced autophagy concurrent with decreased phosphorylation and activity of AMPK. SC66 treatment led to the formation of a high molecular weight (HMW) form of SQSTM1/p62 (p62), which is an autophagic substrate and is essential for selective autophagy.

New Diterpenoids and Isocoumarin Derivatives from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus sp.

Two new diterpenoids, hypoxyterpoids A () and B (), and four new isocoumarin derivatives, hypoxymarins A-D (-), together, with seven known metabolites ( and -) were obtained from the crude extract of the mangrove-derived fungus sp. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of 1- and 2-dimensional (1D/2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analysis. The absolute configurations of compounds , , , and were determined by comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, and the absolute configurations of C-4' in and C-9 in were determined by [Rh(OCOCF)]-induced ECD spectra.

Neurotensin is an anti-thermogenic peptide produced by lymphatic endothelial cells.

The lymphatic vasculature plays important roles in the physiology of the organs in which it resides, though a clear mechanistic understanding of how this crosstalk is mediated is lacking. Here, we performed single-cell transcriptional profiling of human and mouse adipose tissue and found that lymphatic endothelial cells highly express neurotensin (NTS/Nts). Nts expression is reduced by cold and norepinephrine in an α-adrenergic-dependent manner, suggesting a role in adipose thermogenesis.

Genomics-driven discovery of a new cyclodepsipeptide from the guanophilic fungus .

Two potential non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) were identified in the genome of a guanophilic fungus Amphichorda guana by bioinformatics analysis and gene knockout experiments. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) guided isolation led to the discovery of a new cyclodepsipeptide isaridin H (1) and seven known analogs, desmethylisaridin E (2), isaridin E (3), isariin A (4), iso-isariin B (5), iso-isariin D (6), isariin E (7), and nodupetide (8). The absolute configuration of isaridin H (1) was achieved by Marfey's method.

Peniterpenoids A-C, new sesquiterpenoid metabolites from a wheat cyst nematode Penicillium janthinellum.

Three new sesquiterpenoids, peniterpenoids A - C (1-3), together with six known metabolites (4-9) were isolated from an entomogenous fungus Penicillium janthinellum (LB1.20090001) collected from a wheat cyst nematode. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated based on NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic analyses.

Different Role of Raptor and Rictor in Regulating Rasfonin-Induced Autophagy and Apoptosis in Renal Carcinoma Cells.

Both Raptor and Rictor are the key components in the complexes of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which play a vital role in mediating autophagy. Unlike mTOR, the regulatory role of either Raptor or Rictor in the regulation of autophagic process is relatively less explored. In present study, we found that rasfonin, which isolated from Talaromyces sp.

Siderophore and indolic acid production by BJ-18 and their plant growth-promoting and antimicrobe abilities.

BJ-18, a N-fixing bacterium, is able to promote plant growth, but the secondary metabolites that may play a role in promoting plant growth have never been characterized. In this study, untargeted metabolomics profiling of . BJ-18 indicated the existence of 101 known compounds, including N-acetyl ornithine, which is the precursor of siderophores, plant growth regulators such as trehalose 6-phosphate, betaine and trigonelline, and other bioactive molecules such as oxymatrine, diosmetin, luotonin A, (-)-caryophyllene oxide and tetrahydrocurcumin.

Cordycepamides A-E and cordyglycoside A, new alkaloidal and glycoside metabolites from the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps sp.

Five new alkaloidal metabolites cordycepamides A-E (1-5), and one glycoside metabolite cordyglycoside A (6), together with six known compounds (7-12) were isolated from the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps sp. (LB1.18060004) from unidentified insect collected in Baoshan City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.