Exploring the liver toxicity mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii extract based on metabolomics, network pharmacological analysis and experimental validation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Tripterygii wilfordii Radix, (TW) as a toxic herbal medicine, is the root of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. , which commonly used in China for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune diseases, but its severe toxicity, particularly hepatotoxicity, significantly impacts its clinical application.

Comparative pharmacokinetic study on phenolic acids and flavonoids in normal and microcirculation dysfunction rats plasma by UPLC-TQ/MS/MS after oral administration of stem-leaf extracts.

According to the Standard of Chinese Medicinal Materials of Shaanxi Province (2015 edition), is the dried stems and leaves of , which could activate blood and dispell blood stasis, clear the mind and remove annoyance. In this study, the dynamic absorption changes of phenolic acids (FS) and phenolic acids-flavonoids (FT) in rats after oral administration were studied by UPLC-TQ/MS/MS, to elucidate the pharmacokinetics of seven major bioactive components of the stem-leaf of . The results showed that the pharmacokinetic parameters of FS and FT were significantly different in normal rats and model rats.

Network pharmacology analysis and experimental verification of the antithrombotic active compounds of trichosanthis pericarpium (Gualoupi) in treating coronary heart disease.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Trichosanthis pericarpium (TP; Gualoupi, pericarps of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to reduce heat, resolve phlegm, promote Qi, and clear chest congestion. It is also an essential herbal ingredient in the "Gualou Xiebai" formula first recorded by Zhang Zhongjing (from the Eastern Han Dynasty) in the famous TCM classic "Jin-Guì-Yào-Lüe" for treating chest impediments. According to its traditional description, Gualou Xiebai is indicated for symptoms of chest impediments, which correspond to coronary heart diseases (CHD).

[Chemical composition analysis and value evaluation of stems and leaves of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus].

This study aimed to provide data support for resource utilization of the stems and leaves of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus(SLAM) by analyzing and evaluating the chemical constituents. The crude protein, crude fiber, and soluble saccharide of SLAM were analyzed by Kjeldahl method, filtration method, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry, respectively.

Investigation of the material basis and mechanism of Lizhong decoction in ameliorating ulcerative colitis based on spectrum-effect relationship and network pharmacology.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lizhong decoction (LZD), a classical herbal prescription recorded by Zhang Zhongjing in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases, has been extensively used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical practice for thousands of years. However, its material basis and underlying mechanism are not yet clear.

Aim Of The Study: This study aims to explore the material basis and potential mechanism of LZD against UC based on the spectrum-effect relationship and network pharmacology.

Carboxymethyl chitosan-TK resistant starch complex ameliorates type 2 diabetes by regulating the gut microbiota.

Carboxymethyl chitosan and resistant starch exhibit good performance in diabetes regulation. We prepared carboxymethyl chitosan - resistant starch complex. Test the properties of composite resistant starch by using X-ray diffraction, water contact angle, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, interactions with intestinal microbiota and mouse experiments were also conducted.

Optimal compatibility proportional screening of Trichosanthis Pericarpium - Trichosanthis Radix and its anti - Inflammatory components effect on experimental zebrafish and coughing mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The herbal pair of Trichosanthis Pericarpium (TP) - Trichosanthis Radix (TR) can be seen in the famous formula "Beimu Gualou San". It is a commonly selected combination of medicinal herbs for the treatment of cough with lung heat. Both drugs are derived from Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, a medicinal plant known for its ability to clear heat, resolve phlegm, produce saliva, and alleviate dryness.

Comparative Analysis of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolites of Three Main Terpenoids before and after Compatibility of Frankincense and Myrrh in Rats by UHPLC-MS.

Background: 3-acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA) and 11-keto-boswellic acid (KBA) are the main active components of frankincense as pentacyclic triterpenoids, which are designated by the European Pharmacopoeia 8.0 as the quality standard for the evaluation of Indian frankincense, 2-methoxy-8,12-epoxygermacra- 1(10),7,11-trien-6-one (MCS134) is a non-volatile sesquiterpene compound in myrrh.

Objective: In this paper, the absorption pharmacokinetics and metabolites of AKBA, KBA and MCS134 after frankincense, myrrh and their compatibility were analyzed, elaborated their absorption and metabolism mechanism and provided the ideas for the research on the bioactive components of frankincense and myrrh compatibility .

Structurally diverse (9β-H)-pimarane derivatives with six frameworks from the leaves of Icacina oliviformis and their cytotoxic activities.

Thirteen previously undescribed (9β-H)-pimarane derivatives, icacinolides A-G (1-7) and oliviformislactones C-H (8-13), together with four known analogs (14-17), were isolated from the leaves of Icacina oliviformis. Their structures were constructed by extensive spectroscopic analysis, C NMR-DP4+ analysis, ECD calculation, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and chemical methods. These structurally diverse isolates were classified into six framework types: rearranged 3-epi-17-nor-(9β-H)-pimarane, rearranged 17-nor-(9β-H)-pimarane, 16-nor-(9β-H)-pimarane, 17-nor-(9β-H)-pimarane, 17,19-di-nor-(9β-H)-pimarane, and (9β-H)-pimarane.

Investigation of the material basis of Xiexin Tang to alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus based on spectrum-effect analysis by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS.

Xiexin Tang (XXT) is a classic prescription for treating diabetes in clinical practices for thousands of years in China, which has been also proved by a large number of modern pharmacological studies. However, due to its complex composition, the bioactive ingredients of XXT is still unclear. In present researches, spectrum-effect relationship analysis is widely used to explore the material basis of traditional medical herbs, so this method was adopted in this study.

Jian-Yan-Ling capsules ameliorate cognitive impairment in mice with D-galactose-induced senescence and inhibit the oxidation-induced apoptosis of HT22 hippocampal cells by regulating the Nrf2-HO1 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Jian-Yan-Ling (JYL) capsule is a famous anti-aging Chinese patent medicine. It is applied mainly to delay senescence to improve cognition in aging individuals. However, the action mechanisms of JYL for improving cognition have not been determined.

Protective effects of L. berry extracts against oxidative stress-induced damage of the retina of aging mouse and ARPE-19 cells.

In this study, we investigated the preventive effect of L. berry extract on age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the main components responsible for its antioxidant activity. An AMD mouse model was developed by feeding 18-month-old mice with a 1% hydroquinone diet.

[Effect of Maxing Shigan Decoction and dissembled prescriptions against airway inflammation in RSV-aggravated asthma and mechanism of regulating TRPV1].

This study investigated the effect of Maxing Shigan Decoction(MXSGD) and its disassembled prescriptions against the airway inflammation in respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)-aggravated asthma and the regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1(TRPV1). To be specific, ovalbumin(OVA) and RSV were used to induce aggravated asthma in mice(female, C57BL/6). Then the model mice were intervened by MXSGD and the disassembled prescriptions.

Integrated dose-response metabolomics with therapeutic effects and adverse reactions may demystify the dosage of traditional Chinese medicine.

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat various diseases for thousands of years. However, the uncertainty of dosage as well as the lack of systemic evaluation of pharmacology and toxicology is one major reason why TCM remains mysterious and is not accepted worldwide. Hence, we aimed to propose an integrated dose-response metabolomics strategy based on both therapeutic effects and adverse reactions to guide the TCM dosage in treatment.

Evaluation and characterization of starch nanoparticles for adsorption of urea from dialysates.

Starch nanoparticles (SNPs) was produced from type-A, B and C native starches (corn, potato and Trichosanthes kirilowii pulp starches respectively), via the nanoprecipitation method. The SNPs showed different amylose contents, water contact angles, surface morphologies and urea clearance performances. In this work, to examine the parameters of SNPs that may change the urea adsorption capacity, urea adsorption performance in adsorption environments with different pH values, urea concentrations, and adsorption times was examined.

Investigation of Enzymes in the Phthalide Biosynthetic Pathway in Using Integrative Metabolite Profiles and Transcriptome Analysis.

The roots of (Oliv.) Diels are well known for their efficacy in promoting blood circulation. Although many studies have indicated that phthalides are the main chemical components responsible for the pharmacological properties of the phthalide biosynthetic pathway and enzymes that transform different phthalides are still poorly understood.

Chinese Medicine, Succinum, Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment of Carotid Artery Ligation Rats and Inhibits Apoptosis of HT22 Hippocampal Cells Regulation of the GSK3β/β-Catenin Pathway.

Succinum is an organic mineral formed from the resin of ancient coniferous and leguminous plants, which is applied for tranquilizing mood, promoting blood circulation, and removing blood stasis in Chinese medicine. For quite a long time, the modern research of succinum mainly focuses on the study of physical and chemical properties and authenticity identification while few reports on its medicinal mechanism. In current study, we evaluated different solvent extracts of succinum on carotid artery ligation rats mimicking vascular dementia.

Comparative Analysis of Chemical Composition andAntibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of theEssential Oils from ofDifferent Flowering Stages and Different Parts.

The inflorescence of Ramat., a well-known traditional Chinese herb, has been proved to have a certain inhibitory effect on some bacteria; however, its main components and acne bacteria inhibition effect remain to be elucidated. In this study, GC-MS was used to analyze the components of different flowering stages and different parts and to study the inhibitory effects of six essential oils on and and their alleviating effects on THP-1 cell inflammation.

Fuzzy identification of bioactive components for different efficacies of rhubarb by the back propagation neural network association analysis of UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and integrated effects.

Background: Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (rhubarb), as one of the typical representatives of multi-effect traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), has been utilized in the treatment of various diseases due to its multicomponent nature. However, there are few systematic investigations for the corresponding effect of individual components in rhubarb. Hence, we aimed to develop a novel strategy to fuzzily identify bioactive components for different efficacies of rhubarb by the back propagation (BP) neural network association analysis of ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry for every data (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and integrated effects.

Elucidation of the Reinforcing Spleen Effect of Jujube Fruits Based on Metabolomics and Intestinal Flora Analysis.

Jujube ( Mill.) fruit (JF) is widely consumed as food in Asian countries due to its potential effects for human health. As a traditional Chinese medicine, JF is often used to treat anorexia, fatigue and loose stools caused by spleen deficiency syndromes in China, but the mechanism underlying this effect has not been thoroughly elucidated.

Effect of Houpo-Mahuang Decoction on aggravated asthma induced by cigarette smoke and the expression of TRPA1 and tight junctions in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cigarette smoke (CS) is a common environmental irritant and a risk factor for asthma, as it induces as well as aggravates asthmatic attacks. The injured airway epithelial tight junctions (TJs) aggravate asthma. CS can aggravate asthma by activating the transient receptor potential ankyrin A1 (TRPA1) channel and enhancing TJs destruction.