Burden of Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter From 1990 to 2021 in China: Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 Update.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) represent increasingly significant health burden globally. We aimed to systematically evaluate the status and trends of AF/AFL burden and attributable risk factors in China.

Methods: We assessed the burden of AF/AFL measured as prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), by sex and age groups in China based on the Global Burden of Diseases Study (GBD) 2021 project.

Intermediate Atrial Tachycardia During Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: A Sub-analysis of the Extent-AF Trial.

Background: The evidence supporting additional linear ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF) remains limited. This study investigates the mechanisms of intermediate atrial tachycardia (AT), a transient state between PerAF and sinus rhythm (SR), during PerAF termination by catheter ablation, and provides evidence for these mechanisms.

Methods: We analyzed 136 patients who converted to organized AT after PerAF termination in the Extent-AF study.

Mechanism Switch between Radical-Polar Crossover and Radical Buffering.

Radical-polar crossover is a classic concept that bridges one- and two-electron chemistry. It has been widely used in Cr-catalyzed carbonyl addition reactions to clarify the formation of alkyl chromium(III) intermediate and subsequent carbonyl insertion. Herein, we proposed an orthogonal bonding model, the radical buffering scenario, for Cr-catalyzed carbonyl alkylation.

Rapid and In-situ Active Sites Regeneration for OER Activity Recovery and Greatly Prolonged Water-Splitting Performance.

Inspired by the continuous regeneration of enzymes in living organisms that enables sustained long-term enzymatic reactions, we propose an active site regeneration strategy to rapidly and in-situ recover the catalytic activity of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for the electrode through switching anode solution, to substantially prolong the service life of the electrolytic cell. The OER activity of anodic NiFe(S)/NM catalyst synthesized by coating S-doped NiFe-LDH on nickel mesh (NM) exhibited excellent initial activity, then experienced gradual active site and activity losses due to the nanosheet detachment from NMs after a long-term OER process. Attractively, such a damaged catalyst and its active sites can be effectively regenerated by in-situ redox reaction followed by electrochemical oxidation through switching the anode into the different solutions, resulting in the full recovery of the OER activity to its initial value.

VCT MXene modification enabling stable sodium metal anodes.

In this work, we employ a simple mechanical mixing strategy to directly incorporate VCT MXene with metallic Na as an anode for Na metal batteries, which enables highly reversible and dendrite-free properties during the Na plating/stripping processes. Our findings reveal that the VCT host in the Na metal anode promotes uniform Na deposition, attributed to its abundant -O and -F surface functional groups, and we believe that this work provides a feasible approach to improve the electrochemical performance of sodium metal anodes.

The Combination of Retinal Neurovascular Unit Changes With Carotid Artery Stenosis Enhances the Prediction of Ischemic Stroke.

Purpose: We aimed to analyze retinal neurovascular unit (RNVU) alterations and function via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and full-field electroretinography (ERG) in patients with ischemic stroke (IS).

Methods: OCTA was used to measure RNVU changes in 229 participants (101 with IS and 128 healthy controls). The RETeval device was used to record full-field electroretinograms (FERGs) in 40 participants (14 with IS and 26 healthy controls).

The Association of Social Determinants of Health on Monitoring for Disease Progression Among Patients With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Purpose: To examine the association of race, ethnicity, and other social determinants of health (SDH) on receipt of optic nerve (ON) evaluation in accordance with National Quality Forum (NQF) and the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) guideline-based metrics.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study consisting of 13,582 patients with POAG receiving care across 12 tertiary care health. The odds of receiving ≥1 ON evaluations to monitor for glaucoma progression over 45 months of follow-up was evaluated.

Prognostic significance of Ki-67 in assessing the risk of progression, relapse or metastasis in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas.

Introduction: Since the Fourth edition of the WHO classification, PPGLs have been recognized for their metastatic potential, though no clear features can accurately predict this behavior. The prognostic value of Ki-67 in assessing the risk of progression, relapse, or metastasis in PPGLs remains debated.

Methods: This cohort study included 501 patients diagnosed with PPGLs at the First Hospital of Jilin University between 2000 and 2022, with clinical data, treatment details, pathological indicators, and germline gene test results collected.

Adjuvant PD-1 Blockade With Camrelizumab for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The DIPPER Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Approximately 20% to 30% of patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) experience disease relapse despite definitive chemoradiotherapy. The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade camrelizumab has demonstrated considerable value in recurrent or metastatic NPC, while its role in locoregionally advanced NPC is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjuvant camrelizumab for patients with locoregionally advanced NPC.

Y-Balance Test performance for predicting plantar fasciitis in male recreational marathon runners: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is the third most common type of running-related overuse injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the performance of the Y-balance test (YBT) could predict PF development in male recreational marathon runners.

Methods: One hundred and seventy-two male recreational marathon runners underwent the YBT and were then tracked for PF development during a 3-month period.

Strong upconverted circularly polarized emission from a chiral tetrahedral Yb/Eu cage.

Upconverted circularly polarized luminescence (UC-CPL) materials have attracted significant attention due to their potential in optical sensing and bioimaging. However, achieving UC-CPL in lanthanide supramolecular systems remains a challenge due to the extended distances between lanthanide ions. Here, enantiopure tetrahedral cages, (Yb/Eu)L(/-BINAPO), are assembled using achiral -symmetric ligands, Ln(III) ions and chiral ancillary ligands.

Allogeneic composite amniotic membrane in tympanic membrane repair: a randomized parallel controlled study.

Backgrounds: Composite amniotic membranes have been widely used in ophthalmology and orthopedics. For the repair of tympanic membrane perforation, the introduction of amniotic membrane is still under study.

Objectives: To analyse the effectiveness of a homograft composite amniotic membrane in tympanic membrane repair.

Effect of aerobic exercise on endothelial function in hypertensive and prehypertensive patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Our objective was to explore the effect of aerobic exercise on endothelial function in hypertensive and prehypertensive patients, and to ascertain the optimal duration and intensity of aerobic exercise. Data were synthesized using a random effects model to calculate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria.

Decreased adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate is a driving factor of P300/SIRT1-mediated histone hyperacetylation in obesity-related hypertension.

Background: Obesity is the most significant risk factor associated with primary hypertension. A high-fat diet may lead to obesity-related hypertension, with evidence indicating that individuals with this condition exhibit a diminished adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway, although the exact mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of the cAMP signaling pathway in obesity-related hypertension.

Breaking symmetry for better catalysis: insights into single-atom catalyst design.

Breaking structural symmetry has emerged as a powerful strategy for fine-tuning the electronic structure of catalytic sites, thereby significantly enhancing the electrocatalytic performance of single-atom catalysts (SACs). The inherent symmetric electron density in conventional SACs, such as M-N configurations, often leads to suboptimal adsorption and activation of reaction intermediates, limiting their catalytic efficiency. By disrupting this symmetry of SACs, the electronic distribution around the active center can be modulated, thereby improving both the selectivity and adsorption strength for key intermediates.

Personalising Antidepressant Treatment for Unipolar Depression Combining Individual Choices, Risks and big Data: The PETRUSHKA Tool: Personnalisation du traitement antidépresseur de la dépression unipolaire associant choix individuels, risques et mégadonnées: l'outil PETRUSHKA.

ObjectiveWe summarize the key steps to develop and assess an innovative online, evidence-based tool that supports shared decision-making in routine care to personalize antidepressant treatment in adults with depression. This PETRUSHKA tool is part of the PETRUSHKA trial (Personalize antidEpressant Treatment foR Unipolar depreSsion combining individual cHoices, risKs, and big datA).MethodsThe PETRUSHKA tool: (a) is based on prediction models, which use a combination of advanced analytics, i.

Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index as a Prognostic Biomarker in Patients with Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Analysis.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of the Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index (SII) in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients and evaluate its potential as a predictive biomarker.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 2748 CHF patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2012 to 2022. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality (ACM), with readmission rates as secondary endpoints.

A study on the changes of white matter microstructure in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy based on DTI technology.

BackgroundBreast cancer is a prevalent cancer affecting women globally, with incidence rates rising rapidly.PurposeTo examine the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data of patients with breast cancer before and after chemotherapy through tract-based spatial statistical analysis (TBSS).Material and MethodsCognitive and neuropsychological tests and whole-brain DTI were administered to patients with breast cancer who did not receive postoperative chemotherapy (C-) or received postoperative chemotherapy (C+) and healthy controls (HCs).

Circulating Immune Features Synergizing Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Prediction of Poor Survival of Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Thermal Ablation.

Background and AimPredictors of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and traditional clinical variables for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis after locoregional therapies were useful while exhibited modest prognostic performances. We dig out the potential of circulating immune features for HCC prognosis prediction.Methods244 patients with early-stage HCC who were treated with thermal ablation and performed the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) tests were included.

Heart rate variability in patients with atrial fibrillation of sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation: chaos or merit?

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia characterized by consistently irregular atrial and ventricular contractions. Heart rate variability (HRV) refers to the changes in the intervals between consecutive ventricular heartbeats. In sinus rhythm, HRV may be subtle and is quantitatively reflecting the dynamic interplay of the cardiac autonomic nervous system, which plays a crucial role in the onset, development, and maintenance of AF.

Amphisome plays a role in HBV production and release through the endosomal and autophagic pathways.

Background: Autophagic and endosomal pathways coordinately contribute to HBV virions and subviral particles (SVPs) production. To date, limited evidence supports that HBV and exosomes have a common pathway for their biogenesis and secretion. The final steps of HBV production and release have not yet been well studied.

Sleep Duration, Midpoint, Variability, Irregularity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Objectives: The relationship between actigraphy-derived sleep parameters, day-to-day deviations in sleep parameters, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a new definition of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), remains unclear. We aimed to explore the associations of sleep duration, midpoint, variability and irregularity with MASLD risk.

Methods: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014.