Corrigendum: TMEM123 a key player in immune surveillance of colorectal cancer.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.

Critical Evaluation of Transcripts and Long Noncoding RNA Expression Levels in Prostate Cancer Following Radical Prostatectomy.

Introduction: The clinical course of prostate cancer (PCa) is highly variable, ranging from indolent behavior to rapid metastatic progression. The Gleason score is widely accepted as the primary histologic assessment tool with significant prognostic value. However, additional biomarkers are required to better stratify patients, particularly those at intermediate risk.

TMEM123 a key player in immune surveillance of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-associated death. In the tumor site, the interplay between effector immune cells and cancer cells determines the balance between tumor elimination or outgrowth. We discovered that the protein TMEM123 is over-expressed in tumour-infiltrating CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes and it contributes to their effector phenotype.

The role of the desmosomal protein desmocollin 2 in tumour progression in triple negative breast cancer patients.

Background: The disruption of epithelial features represents a critical step during breast cancer spread. In this context, the dysregulation of desmosomal proteins has been associated with malignant progression and metastasis formation. Curiously, both tumour suppressive and pro-metastatic roles have been attributed to desmosomal structures in different cancer entities.

Pan-cancer gene expression analysis of tissue microarray using EdgeSeq oncology biomarker panel and a cross-comparison with HER2 and HER3 immunohistochemical analysis.

Molecular and protein biomarker profiling are key to oncology drug development. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) directly deliver chemotherapeutic agents into tumor cells based on unique cancer cell biomarkers. A pan-cancer tissue microarray (TMA) data set and gene panel were validated and gene signature analyses were conducted on normal and cancer tissues to refine selection of ADC targets.

Effects of Rapid On-Site Evaluation on Diagnostic Accuracy of Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration.

Introduction: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is well-established for the evaluation of suspicious thyroid nodules. However, a significant proportion is nondiagnostic. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) has been proposed to improve the overall adequacy of FNA.

NSCLC Subtyping in Conventional Cytology: Results of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Cytology Working Group Survey to Determine Specific Cytomorphologic Criteria for Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Introduction: Accurate subtyping of NSCLC into lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is the cornerstone of NSCLC diagnosis. Cytology samples reveal higher rates of classification failures, that is, subtyping as non-small cell carcinoma-not otherwise specified (NSCC-NOS), as compared with histology specimens. This study aims to identify specific algorithms on the basis of known cytomorphologic features that aid accurate and successful subtyping of NSCLC on cytology.

The role of HMGA1 protein in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are neoplasms derived from neuroendocrine cells. One of their main features is to often remain asymptomatic and clinically undetectable. High Mobility Group A (HMGA) proteins belong to a family of non-histone chromatinic proteins able to modulate gene expression through the interaction with DNA and transcription factors.

Stromal oncostatin M cytokine promotes breast cancer progression by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is reprogrammed by cancer cells and participates in all stages of tumor progression. The contribution of stromal cells to the reprogramming of the TME is not well understood. Here, we provide evidence of the role of the cytokine oncostatin M (OSM) as central node for multicellular interactions between immune and nonimmune stromal cells and the epithelial cancer cell compartment.

High Inter- and Intratumoral Variability of Ki67 Labeling Index in Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer with High Gleason Scores.

Background: The majority of studies investigating the role of Ki67 labeling index (LI) in prostate carcinoma (PC) focused on localized PC treated radically, where Ki67 LI is regarded as a prognostic marker. The relevance of Ki67 in advanced PC remains largely unexplored. While Gleason score is still one of the best indicators of clinical outcomes in PC, differences in progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with high Gleason scores suggest that additional factors are involved in tumor progression.

Adenylosuccinate lyase is oncogenic in colorectal cancer by causing mitochondrial dysfunction and independent activation of NRF2 and mTOR-MYC-axis.

Adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) is an essential enzyme for purine biosynthesis. Here we sought to investigate the putative role of ADSL in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) carcinogenesis and response to antimetabolites. ADSL expression levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry or retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset.

Nestin and CD34 expression in colorectal cancer predicts improved overall survival.

Background: Nestin, a class VI intermediate filament protein of the cytoskeleton, and CD34, a transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein, are markers of progenitor cells. This study aimed to evaluate their expression and clinical significance in colorectal cancer.

Methods: A clinically annotated tissue microarray, including 599 patients with colorectal cancer, was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.

Distinct Stromal and Immune Features Collectively Contribute to Long-Term Survival in Pancreatic Cancer.

The aggressive biology and treatment refractory nature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) significantly limits long-term survival. Examining the tumor microenvironment (TME) of long-term survivors (LTS) of PDAC offers the potential of unveiling novel biological insights and therapeutic targets. We performed an integrated approach involving immunophenotyping, stromal scoring and histomorphological profiling of a cohort of 112 PDAC-cases, including 25 long-term survivors (LTSs, OS ≥ 60 months).

Prognostic significance of CD8+ T-cells density in stage III colorectal cancer depends on SDF-1 expression.

Since colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common malignancies, a tremendous amount of studies keep taking place in this field. Over the past 25 years, a notable part of the scientific community has focused on the association between the immune system and colorectal cancer. A variety of studies have shown that high densities of infiltrating CD8+ T-cells are associated with improved disease-free and overall survival in CRC.

Infiltration by IL22-Producing T Cells Promotes Neutrophil Recruitment and Predicts Favorable Clinical Outcome in Human Colorectal Cancer.

Immune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer effectively predicts clinical outcome. IL22, produced by immune cells, plays an important role in inflammatory bowel disease, but its relevance in colorectal cancer remains unclear. Here, we addressed the prognostic significance of IL22 cell infiltration in colorectal cancer and its effects on the composition of tumor microenvironment.

High Expression of FAP in Colorectal Cancer Is Associated With Angiogenesis and Immunoregulation Processes.

Fibroblast activation protein α (FAP) plays an important role in tissue remodeling and helps tumor cells invade surrounding tissue. We sought to investigate FAP as a prognostic molecular marker in colorectal cancer (CRC) using immunohistochemical and transcriptomic data. expression and clinicopathological information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas data set.

Sequential immunohistochemistry and virtual image reconstruction using a single slide for quantitative KI67 measurement in breast cancer.

Objective: Ki67 is a prognostic and predictive marker in breast cancer (BC). However, manual scoring (MS) by visual assessment suffers from high inter-observer variability which limits its clinical use. Here, we developed a new digital image analysis (DIA) workflow, named KiQuant for automated scoring of Ki67 and investigated its equivalence with standard pathologist's assessment.

Identification of Somatic Mutations in Thirty-year-old Serum Cell-free DNA From Patients With Breast Cancer: A Feasibility Study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) extraction and circulating tumor DNA sequencing in 30-year-old serum samples.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated serum samples from 52 patients with breast cancer, which were collected between 1983 and 1991, with correlating clinicopathologic data. cfDNA was extracted by using the QIAamp Circulating Nucleic Acid Extraction Kit (Qiagen).

Low Expression of Programmed Death 1 (PD-1), PD-1 Ligand 1 (PD-L1), and Low CD8+ T Lymphocyte Infiltration Identify a Subgroup of Patients With Gastric and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma With Severe Prognosis.

Prognosis of gastric and esophageal cancer is poor and treatment improvements are needed. Programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) interaction with its ligand PD-L1 in tumor micro-environment promotes immune tolerance and blocking monoclonal antibodies have entered clinical practice. However, clinical significance of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas, particularly in non-Asian patients, is still unclear.

Plasma HER2ECD a promising test for patient prognosis and prediction of response in HER2 positive breast cancer: results of a randomized study - SAKK 22/99.

Background: The HER2 extracellular domain shed in blood (HER2) is reported to rise and fall in parallel with HER2+ breast cancer behavior. In this study, we evaluated the clinical relevance of plasma HER2 values in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated in the SAKK22/99 trial comparing trastuzumab monotherapy followed by trastuzumab-chemotherapy combination at progression versus upfront combination therapy.

Methods: Quantitative assessment of plasma HER2 was performed in 133 patients at baseline; after 2-24 h; at 3 weeks; at first response evaluation (8-9 weeks); and at tumor progression.

PD-L1 testing of non-small cell lung cancer using different antibodies and platforms: a Swiss cross-validation study.

With the approval of pembrolizumab for first- and second-line treatment of PD-L1+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), PD-L1 testing by immunohistochemistry (IHC) has become a necessity. However, the DAKO autostainer ASL48 for the FDA approved DAKO 22C3 pharmDx assay is not broadly available in Switzerland and other parts of Europe. The primary goal of this study was to cross-validate the 22C3 anti-PD-L1 antibody on Benchmark Ultra (VBMU) and Leica Bond (LBO) immunostainers.

Protocols for Tissue Microarrays in Prostate Cancer Studies.

Tissue microarray (TMA) technology is a method for high-throughput analysis of tissue biomarkers, commonly used in translational cancer research. TMAs allow performing a variety of in situ applications on hundreds of tissue samples simultaneously using the same protocols as for conventional slides. Thereby, precious material from patient samples remains largely preserved while costs in resources and time in laboratory processing decrease.