Morphology and Structure of Brass-Invar Weld Interface after Explosive Welding.

This paper presents the results of a study of the morphology and structure at the weld interface in a brass-Invar bimetal, which belongs to the class of so-called thermostatic bimetals, or thermobimetals. The structure of the brass-Invar weld interface was analyzed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), with the use of energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry and back-scattered electron diffraction (BSE) to identify the phases. The distribution of the crystallographic orientation of the grains at the weld interface was obtained using an e-Flash HR electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) detector and a forward-scatter detector (FSD).

SEM investigation of interfacial dislocations in nickel-base superalloys.

A new technique for investigation of interfacial dislocations in nickel-base superalloys by scanning electron microscopy is presented. At high temperatures the pressure of interfacial dislocations against the gamma/gamma'-interface causes grooves. This 'fingerprint of the dislocation network' is visualized by deep selective etching, which removes the gamma'-phase down to the gamma/gamma'-interface.

[Progress of immune system indices in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases of the biliary duct].

In 105 patients with chronic inflammatory illness of gallbladder and biliary ducts the generally-accepted therapy have influenced the IgM and IgG contents in serum, the lymphocytes sensibilization to the tissue antigens of gallbladder, liver, pancreas, the titre of antibodies to this antigens only. The authors insist on necessity of supplementary application of immunomodulating agents in the complex of patients treatment, especially if reactive hepatitis or pancreatitis is present.

[Long-term results of therapy for idiopathic hypothyrosis depending on the immune status].

Impaired immunity in patients with idiopathic hypothyrosis affects negatively the disease course. Such patients developed exacerbations more frequently than patients with normal immune characteristics.

[The use of immunoregulator preparations in the combined treatment of idiopathic hypothyroidism].

A comparative analysis of idiopathic hypothyroidism (IHT) outcomes in different therapeutic regimens which incorporated or did not incorporate splenin and sodium nucleinate showed more frequent disease exacerbations in patients who received no immunoactive drugs. Combined therapy reduced the number of patients with decompensation 3.7-fold.

[The incidence and nature of hepatobiliary system diseases in workers of the Ternopol Clothing Association].

A detailed clinico-laboratory examination of workers of Ternopol sewing factories revealed in 13.9% chronic inflammatory diseases of the hepatobiliary system which exceeds 4 times the indices of seeking medical advice (3.5%) mainly due to latent course.

[Long-term results of therapy of primary hypothyroidism in relation to immune status].

Disorders in the immune status of patients with hypothyroidism (idiopathic and postoperative) produce a negative effect on a course of disease. Periods of decompensation (exacerbation) develop in such patients more frequently than in patients suffering from hypothyroidism with the normally or moderately changed immune status.

[Infectious-toxic shock in patients with acute pneumonia].

An analysis of case records, medical documentation of the emergency service and out-patient departments of 629 patients with acute pneumonia (AP) showed that infectious-toxic shock was an early grave complication of acute pneumonia. It was observed in 9.4% of patients with acute pneumonia and resulted in a fatal outcome in 5.

[Immunologic disorders in patients with primary hypothyroidism].

Most patients with primary hypothyroidism showed changes in the immune status manifested in a reduction of the number and functional activity of T-lymphocytes, increased sensibilization of lymphoid cells to thyreoglobulin, content of B-lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulins of M, G classes, antithyreoglobin antibody titer and circulating immune complexes. The frequency and grade of immune disorders are directly related to the severity of the disease. The most pronounced changes were revealed in spontaneous hypothyroidism.

[Immunoactive drugs in the combined modality therapy of patients with hypothyroidism].

Comparative studies into the clinico-immunologic status of patient with primary hypothyrosis have shown that the multimodality treatment including differentiated administration of immunoactive agents (glucocorticoids, splenin) promoted more well-defined normalization of cellular, humoral immunity and nonspecific defence as well as reduction or disappearance of the clinical disease manifestations as compared to patients who did not receive those drugs as part of the multimodality therapy. The use of glucocorticoids and splenin may be recommended as part of the multimodality treatment of patients suffering from primary hypothyrosis marked by pronounced disorders in the immune system.

[The blood coagulation status and the immunochemical and clinical indices in patients with active rheumatism during treatment with nerobol].

Blood coagulation, immunobiochemical, and clinical characteristics were studied in patients with rheumatic fever running a protracted course treated by combined therapy including nerobol. To assess the therapeutic efficacy of nerobol, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (30 patients) were administered combined antirheumatic therapy, Group 2 (30 patients) were administered the same + nerobol in a daily dose of 15 mg for 3-4 weeks. The findings evidence a positive effect of the drug on the status of patients in whom rheumatic fever runs a protracted course: blood procoagulative activity is reduced and anticoagulative activity elevated, blood immunobiochemical and clinical characteristics normalized.

[The importance of the complement consumption reaction for the differential diagnosis of diseases of the hepatobiliary system].

A study is presented of 94 patients with chronic inflammatory diseases of the hepatobiliary system and in 22 patients with dyskinesia of the biliary tract. The importance of the complement consumption reaction was evaluated (N. I.

[Significance of immunologic tests in the evaluation of treatment results in subacute thyroiditis].

The authors suggest that the prognosis of subacute thyroiditis may be based after treatment on the immunity state. It was revealed that T- and B-lymphocyte as well as nonspecific defence disorders in treated patients with subacute thyroiditis promote more frequent recurrences or hypothyrosis and autoimmune thyroiditis in comparison with patients whose immunity was slightly involved or not involved at all.

[Changes in the immune status in primary hypothyroidism].

A majority of patients with primary hypothyroidism demonstrated shifts in the immune status manifested in a decrease in the number and function of T-lymphocytes, an increase in the sensitization of lymphoid cells to thyroglobulin, the level of B-lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulins, the titer of antihyroglobulin antibodies and circulating immune complexes. The frequency and expression of immune disorders were in direct relation to the severity of disease. The most noticeable changes were detected in spontaneous-hypothyroidism.

[Effect of glucocorticoids on immunological indices in patients with subacute thyroiditis].

Use of glucocorticoid agents in 110 patients with subacute thyroiditis furthered normalization of the cellular, humoral immunity and unspecific defense factors. Clinical signs of the disease disappeared quicker than reduction of the severity of immune and autoimmune disorders evidencing protraction of the disease and necessity of prophylactic treatment and use of additional immunoregulating agents.

[The effect of mercasolyl on immunologic indicators in patients with diffuse toxic goiter].

A study of system of cellular and humoral immunity, unspecific defense in 187 patients with diffuse toxic goiter before and after treatment with mercasolyl revealed that despite the clinical effect, the agent did not essentially influence the content and functional activity of T-lymphocytes. The effect was more favourable on the content of immunoglobulins, titer of antithyroid antibodies. This was observed in mild and average severe course of the disease.

[The value of immunologic tests in predicting the outcome of subacute thyroiditis].

Relapses of subacute thyroiditis, hypothyrosis or autoimmune thyroiditis more often develop in the patients with manifest immune shifts after therapy than in those with normal or moderately shifted immune status; this factor appears to be useful for the prediction of the disease outcome and for planning the treatment strategy.