Multiple small tumor formation on both surfaces of the aortic valve cusps in Epstein-Barr virus-associated T/NK-cell lymphoproliferative disease: a case report.

A 41-year-old woman presented acute cerebral infarction. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed multiple masses only on both surfaces of the aortic valve cusps. There was no primary lesion outside the heart according to various examinations.

[A case of familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP ATTR Ile107Val) with proximal muscle weakness in the lower extremities].

Proximal dominant muscle weakness is rare in transthyretin (TTR)-related familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP). A 69-year-old Japanese man developed numbness and dysesthesia of the first, second and third digits of both hands since 2008. He presented to our hospital with one year history of progressive proximal muscle weakness in the lower extremities since 2013.

Early Stages of Hyaline Membrane Formation Detected in Alveolar Mouths in Diffuse Alveolar-Damage-Associated Diseases: A Detailed Immunohistochemical Study.

To study the early stages of hyaline membrane (HM) formation, diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) was thoroughly investigated using immunohistochemical methods in 15 autopsy cases, which consisted of various types of interstitial pneumonias and pulmonary diseases derived from nonmalignant or malignant diseases. Alveolar mouths (AMs) that were presumed to be normal were ultrastructurally examined in detail, by using pulmonary tissues in the pneumothorax. It is interesting to note that during the initial stages of HM formation in AMs, fragmented eosinophilic masses were closely attached to AMs as irregular fragments or by a cap-like structure.

Investigation of aluminum and iron deposition on metaplastic bones in three patients with diffuse pulmonary ossification.

Diffuse pulmonary ossification (DPO) is a rare pulmonary lesion. DPO is typically detected at autopsy rather than premortem. Recently, however, several cases were diagnosed antemortem using computed tomography, high-resolution computed tomography, or video-assisted thoracic surgery.

Vasculo-smooth muscle hamartomatous structure is linked to morphogenesis of colorectal polypoid adenoma.

To investigate the difference of surrounding stromal structure between the polypoid and flat adenomas in the colorectum, we performed microscopic study including immunohistochemistry in a total of 32 colorectal adenomas (typical 24 polypoid and eight flat adenomas), especially focusing on vessels around muscularis mucosa. All 24 polypoid adenomas accompanied vasculo-smooth muscle hamartomatous structure in association with muscularis mucosa and submucosal vessels, whereas none of eight flat adenomas had vasculo-smooth muscle hamartomatous structure; surrounding muscularis mucosa and submucosa of the flat adenomas are identical to those of normal colorectal tissue. Vasculo-smooth muscle hamartomatous structure is linked to the morphogenesis of colorectal polypoid adenomas.

Disappearance of GFP-positive hepatocytes transplanted into the liver of syngeneic wild-type rats pretreated with retrorsine.

Background And Aim: Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a widely used molecular tag to trace transplanted cells in rodent liver injury models. The differing results from various previously reported studies using GFP could be attributed to the immunogenicity of GFP.

Methods: Hepatocytes were obtained from GFP-expressing transgenic (Tg) Lewis rats and were transplanted into the livers of wild-type Lewis rats after they had undergone a partial hepatectomy.

[A case of adult-onset type II citrullinemia in an elderly patient].

A 72-year-old man presented with consciousness disturbance. The results of brain magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid examination were normal, but triphasic waves were noted on electroencephalography. His plasma ammonia level was elevated due to which encephalopathy secondary to hyperammonemia was suspected.

Expression of podoplanin/D2-40 in pericryptal stromal cells in superficial colorectal epithelial neoplasia.

The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution and roles of podoplanin/D2-40-positive pericryptal stromal cells in superficial colorectal epithelial neoplasia. A total of 105 superficial colorectal epithelial tumors were examined: 65 tubular/tubulovillous adenomas, 32 adenocarcinomas in situ, and 8 submucosally invasive adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using the monoclonal antibody to podoplanin/clone D2-40, which is reactive in both lymphatic endothelial cells and activated stromal cells, but negative in vascular endothelial cells.

[Effects of mast cells on degradation of collagen fibers in dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic fibrosis of rat].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between mast cell and hepatic fibrosis by histopathological method and semi-quantitative measurement.

Methods: Seventy-two Wistary male rats, the control group and the normal group of each only 16, experimental group of 40 rat liver fibrosis was induced by injection of DMN and was sampled at eight different time points. HE, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry (ABC method) and immunofluorescence were performed.

[Solitary actinomycotic brain abscess: case report].

Actinomycotic brain abscess is a rare condition with uncertain clinical features. Here we report the case of a 66-year-old immune-competent woman with an actinomycotic brain abscess who presented with sensory aphasia and mild right hemiparesis. She had no febrile episode or headache.

Neutrophil infiltration and oxidant-production in human atherosclerotic carotid plaques.

To clarify the clinical implications of neutrophils in vulnerable plaques we evaluated the function and activity of infiltrated neutrophils in an atherosclerotic plaque, focusing on oxidant production. A histopathological investigation was performed using carotid arterial samples obtained from seven patients. The atherosclerotic plaques were examined cytochemically for naphthol-ASD-chloroacetate esterase activity and oxidant-production, and immunohistochemically using N-formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (fPRL1)-, CD66b-, CD68- or p22phox-specific antibodies.

Epstein-Barr virus-infected subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma associated with methotrexate treatment.

Methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD) is a lymphoid proliferation or lymphoma in patients treated with MTX. We report a case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) in a 60-year-old Japanese man treated with MTX for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). SPTCL is a rare cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma characterized by involvement of subcutaneous fat mimicking panniculitis.

Super paramagnetic iron oxide MRI shows defective Kupffer cell uptake function in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is incompletely understood. Kupffer cells (KCs), phagocytic liver-resident macrophages, provide a protective barrier against egress of endotoxin from the portal to the systemic circulation. It is not known if KC phagocytic function is impaired in NAFLD.

Expression of fascin-1, an actin-bundling protein, in migrating hepatoblasts during rat liver development.

Fascin-1 is an actin-bundling protein localized at the core actin bundles within microvillar projections and filopodial extensions in migrating cells. It is expressed at a low level in normal epithelial cells, but at a high level in tumor cells, indicating its importance in the invasion and motility of tumor cells. In addition, fascin-1 is expressed in human and murine embryos, occurring at high levels especially in developing nervous tissues.

Lecithin: retinol acyltransferase protein is distributed in both hepatic stellate cells and endothelial cells of normal rodent and human liver.

Background: To determine the extent to which hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation contributes to liver fibrosis, it was found necessary to develop an alternative structural and functional stellate cell marker for in situ studies. Although several HSC markers have been reported, none of those are associated with particular HSC functions.

Aim: The present study was undertaken to examine whether lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), the physiological retinol esterification enzyme of the liver, is a potential and relevant tissue marker for HSC.

Distribution and role of myofibroblasts in human normal seminal vesicle stroma.

We studied the distribution of myofibroblasts in the stroma of normal seminal vesicles. Twelve normal seminal vesicles obtained by surgery on the diagnosis of some diseases were selected, and we evaluated the distribution of myofibroblasts in the seminal vesicles using immunohistochemical and electron and immunoelectron microscopic techniques. Immunohistochemically, myofibroblasts, which were positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin (ASMA) and negative for high molecular weight caldesmon (h-CD), were observed in the stroma just beneath the epithelium of normal seminal vesicles.

[Morphologic observation and pathogenesis investigation of regenerated sinusoidal endothelial cells in remodelling rat hepatic necrotic tissue].

Objective: To investigate the morphological changes and regeneration mechanism of sinusoidal endothelial cell.

Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats (bought from SLC company limited of Japan) were divided into three groups. Fifty of them belonged to experiment group, five rats belonged to untreated group, and the rest five ones belonged to normal saline treated group.

Adenoid basal carcinoma arising in the cervical polyp: an immunohistochemical study of stromal cells.

Adenoid basal carcinomas of the uterine cervix are uncommon neoplasms and generally run a favorable clinical course. Although it is well known that these tumors do not evoke the stromal reaction, we immunohistochemically examined a stromal reaction in a case of adenoid basal carcinoma. A 40-year-old woman was found to have a cervical polyp during a medical checkup and underwent polypectomy.

Hyaline globule-like structures in undifferentiated sarcoma cells of malignant müllerian mixed tumor of the fallopian tube.

Malignant müllerian mixed tumors (MMMTs) of the fallopian tube are very rare neoplasms, and we present such a case with unusual findings here. A 57-year-old Japanese woman, after she received a medical checkup, underwent salpingo-oophorectomy on the suspicion of ovarian cancer. At the time of operation, the main tumor was present predominantly in the fallopian tube.

CAM5.2-positive subserosal myofibroblasts in appendicitis.

In this study, we examined the distribution and origin of myofibroblasts around the perforations of appendicitis. Stromal cells of 45 cases were studied by immunohistochemistry. In the normal appendix, myofibroblasts were restricted to the mucosa, and CD34-positive stromal cells were distributed in the submucosal and subserosal layers.

Myofibroblasts in the stroma of metastatic pulmonary calcification in a patient with chronic renal failure.

We present a case of metastatic pulmonary calcification. Histologically, deposition of hematoxyphilic materials was seen along the alveolar and vessel walls. Fibrous tissues were also seen within the alveolar lumens, resulting in intra-alveolar fibrous pneumonia.

Increased iron deposition in rat liver fibrosis induced by a high-dose injection of dimethylnitrosamine.

Using a developed rat model of hepatic necrosis and subsequent fibrosis induced by a high-dose intraperitoneal injection of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), we studied iron deposition and expression of transforming growth factor-beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)) during the development of persistent liver fibrosis. Rats were sacrificed at several timepoints from 6 h to 10 months post-injection and the livers were examined for iron content and distribution, and for expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, ED-1, TGF-beta(1), and collagen (alpha(2))I. Morphologic evidence of acute submassive hemorrhagic necrosis peaked at 36 h; on day 3 the residual parenchyma contained activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and necrotic areas contained numerous macrophages; and on day 5, necrotic tissues and erythrocytes had been phagocytosed and macrophages contained abundant iron deposits.

Effect of selenium on Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Cisplatin (CP), a commonly used antineoplastic drug, is nephrotoxic. CP-induced nephrotoxicity involves oxidative pathways. A deficiency of selenium (Se) reduces glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity resulting in oxidative stress.