A multifunctional thermosensitive hydrogel based on phototherapy for promoting the healing of dental extraction wounds.

Post-extraction wound infections are a common complication of dental extractions. More specifically, infection in the alveolar socket after tooth extraction accelerates the resorption and destruction of the alveolar bone, and ultimately affects the final restoration results. Currently, the main clinical treatment approaches applied to the socket after tooth extraction include mechanical wound debridement, chemical rinses (, chlorhexidine), filling of the extraction socket with absorbent gelatin sponges, and the systemic application of antibiotics.

A biomimetic phototherapeutic nanoagent based on bacterial double-layered membrane vesicles for comprehensive treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

As one of the most common malignancies, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with high rates of invasiveness and metastasis threatens people's health worldwide, while traditional therapeutic approaches have not met the requirement of its cure. Phototherapies including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) have shown great potential for OSCC treatment due to their noninvasiveness or minimal invasiveness, high selectivity and little tolerance. However, PTT or PDT alone makes it difficult to eradicate OSCC and prevent its metastasis and recurrence.

A Bacterial Nanomedicine Combines Photodynamic-Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy for Enhanced Treatment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Bacterial therapy is an emerging hotspot in tumor immunotherapy, which can initiate antitumor immune activation through multiple mechanisms. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), a pathogenic bacterium inhabiting the oral cavity, contains a great deal of pathogen associated molecular patterns that can activate various innate immune cells to promote antitumor immunity. Owing to the presence of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), Pg is also an excellent photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) via the in situ generation of reactive oxygen species.

Oxyhemoglobin-Based Nanophotosensitizer for Specific and Synergistic Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapies against Oral Infection.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are emerging alternative antibacterial approaches. However, due to the lack of selectivity of photosensitizers for pathogenic bacteria, these methods often show more or less different degrees of toxicity. Moreover, it is difficult for PDT to exert effective antibacterial effects against anaerobic infections due to the oxygen deficiency.

Personalized Targeted Therapeutic Strategies against Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. An Evidence-Based Review of Literature.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of malignant tumor in the head and neck, with a poor prognosis mainly due to recurrence and metastasis. Classical treatment modalities for OSCC like surgery and radiotherapy have difficulties in dealing with metastatic tumors, and together with chemotherapy, they have major problems related to non-specific cell death. Molecular targeted therapies offer solutions to these problems through not only potentially maximizing the anticancer efficacy but also minimizing the treatment-related toxicity.

Self-assembled nanoparticles containing photosensitizer and polycationic brush for synergistic photothermal and photodynamic therapy against periodontitis.

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease in oral cavity owing to bacterial infection. Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) have many advantages for antibacterial treatment. As an excellent photosensitizer, indocyanine green (ICG) shows prominent photothermal and photodynamic performances.

A Multifunctional Nanosystem Based on Bacterial Cell-Penetrating Photosensitizer for Fighting Periodontitis Via Combining Photodynamic and Antibiotic Therapies.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), an emerging approach that involves photosensitizers, light, and molecular oxygen, has shown promise for fighting periodontitis. However, PDT does not always acquire the desired therapeutic outcomes since some photosensitizers have strong hydrophobic properties and are difficult to absorb efficiently by periodontal pathogenic bacteria. Here, a hydrophobic photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) was hydrophilically modified via conjugation with TAT peptide, a cationic cell-penetrating peptide, to improve its solubility and enhance its bacterial adsorption by promoting its interaction with the negatively charged cell walls and penetration through the cell membranes.

Zn-Incorporated TiO Nanotube Surface Improves Osteogenesis Ability Through Influencing Immunomodulatory Function of Macrophages.

Purpose: Zinc (Zn), an essential trace element in the body, has stable chemical properties, excellent osteogenic ability and moderate immunomodulatory property. In the present study, a Zn-incorporated TiO nanotube (TNT) was fabricated on titanium (Ti) implant material. We aimed to evaluate the influence of nano-scale topography and Zn on behaviors of murine RAW 264.