Quality assessment and comparative analysis on the recommendations of current guidelines on screening and diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review.

Objectives: There are several clinical practice guidelines available for peripheral artery disease (PAD). The paucity of strong evidence is known to give room for variations in recommendations across guidelines, with attendant confusion among clinicians in clinical practice. This study aims to conduct a quality assessment and comparative analysis on PAD screening and diagnostic recommendations in PAD management.

Nerve conduction study findings and their predictors in clinically diagnosed patients with carpal tunnel syndrome in a Saudi population.

Background: Despite the reports of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) being commonplace in Saudi Arabia, there is scarcity of cross-sectional or prospective studies detailing the profile of nerve conduction study (NCS) findings in patients with CTS.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the neurophysiologic profile of CTS with the view to finding the determinant of abnormal findings in clinically diagnosed cases of CTS in a population of Saudis.

Methods: Nerve conduction study was performed on consecutive patients with clinically diagnosed CTS.

Quality assessment and comparative analysis on the recommendations of current guidelines on the management of peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the third leading atherosclerotic arterial disease. There is evidence that there is a high variation in the quality and recommendations of clinical practice guidelines for PAD, leading to the possibility of confusion among clinicians and patients. This study aims to conduct a quality assessment and comparative analysis of the clinical practice guidelines on PAD written between 2010 and 2020.

Hemorrhagic infarctive stroke in COVID-19 patients: report of two cases and review of the literature.

There is growing evidence in support of ischemic stroke as a manifestation of COVID-19 infection. However, hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic stroke is rare. We present two cases of hemorrhagic infarction as presenting features in COVID-19 patients who did not have traditional cardiovascular risk factors for ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke.

Electroencephalography findings in childhood epilepsy in a Saudi population: Yield, pattern and determinants of abnormality.

Objective: The study was designed to evaluate the yield, pattern, and factors that are independently associated with electroencephalography (EEG) abnormalities in childhood epilepsy in a Saudi population.

Methods: We characterised the features of the first EEG and evaluated the associated factors in children with epilepsy in a Saudi population. The features of interictal epileptiform discharges (interictal epileptiform activity (IEA)) adopted by the International Federation of Societies for Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology were used in the study.

Study of electroencephalography in people with generalized epilepsy in a Saudi population.

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) remains a vital tool in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with epilepsy (GE), however, there is scarcity of information on the yield and potential clinical variables that are associated with EEG abnormalities in people with GE.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the yield and pattern of EEG abnormalities in patients with GE with the view to determining factors that are independently associated with abnormal EEG in them.

Methods: We characterized EEG features and evaluated associated factors in a sample of people with GE in a Saudi population.

Addressing antimicrobial resistance in Nigerian hospitals: exploring physicians prescribing behavior, knowledge, and perception of antimicrobial resistance and stewardship programs.

Introduction: We assessed the knowledge of, attitude toward antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and practice of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) among physicians in Nigeria to provide future guidance to the Nigerian National Action Plan for AMR.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study explored the physicians' self-reported practice of antibiotic prescribing, knowledge, attitude, and practice of AMR and components of ASPs.

Results: The majority (217; 67.

Methanol induced stroke: report of cases occurring simultaneously in two biological brothers.

Methanol bears semblance to ethanol in smell and taste, thus, individuals who indulge in alcohol may fall back on it in societies where alcohol consumption is illegal or difficult to come by despite the life-threatening neurologic sequelae of methanol toxicity. Stroke is an uncommon outcome of methanol poisoning. We presented two cases of methanol-induced infarctive and hemorrhagic stroke in biological brothers who were simultaneously involved in an illicit ingestion of methanol.

Prevalence of active epilepsy, lifetime epilepsy prevalence, and burden of epilepsy in Sub-Saharan Africa from meta-analysis of door-to-door population-based surveys.

Background: There is marked variation in the prevalence of epilepsy across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In order to accurately estimate the clinical and public health impacts of epilepsy in the region, robust and reliable epidemiological data are required for appropriate estimation of logistical, economical, and social impacts of epilepsy including policy formulation and intervention in the region.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the prevalence of active epilepsy (AE) and lifetime epilepsy prevalence in SSA using available data collected at community level.

Physician's Knowledge of Appropriate Prescribing for the Elderly-A Survey Among Family and Internal Medicine Physicians in Nigeria.

Prescription and use of inappropriate medications have been identified as a major cause of morbidity among the elderly. Several screening tools have been developed to identify inappropriate medications prescribed for elderly patients. There is dearth of information about the knowledge of Nigerian physicians regarding these screening tools and appropriate prescribing for the elderly in general.

Drug and therapeutics committees in Nigeria: evaluation of scope and functionality.

: Inappropriate use of medicines remains a problem, with consequences including increasing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and prolonged hospitalizations. The Essential Medicines List and Drug and Therapeutics Committees (DTCs) are accepted initiatives to promote the rational use of medicines. However, little is known about DTC activities in Nigeria, the most populous African country.

Drug promotional activities in Nigeria: impact on the prescribing patterns and practices of medical practitioners and the implications.

Objective: Pharmaceutical companies spend significant amount of resources on promotion influencing the prescribing behavior of physicians. Drug promotion can negatively impact on rational prescribing, which may adversely affect the quality of patient care. However, little is known about these activities in Nigeria as the most populous country in Africa.

Medication errors among health professionals in Nigeria: A national survey.

Background: Medication errors are preventable causes of patient harm with significant contributions to adverse drug events but they remain understudied in Nigeria.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of self-reported medication errors among health professionals and examine their knowledge of medication errors with the hope of identifying appropriate measures to promote medication safety.

Methods: A cross sectional survey among doctors, pharmacists and nurses in 10 tertiary hospitals.

A look at risk factors of proteinuria in subjects without impaired renal filtration function in a general population in Owerri, Nigeria.

Introduction: Proteinuria is a common marker of kidney damage. This study aimed at determining predictors of proteinuria in subjects without impaired renal filtration function in Owerri, Nigeria.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 136 subjects, consecutively drawn from Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Owerri, Nigeria.

The prescribing of generic medicines in Nigeria: knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of physicians.

Generic medicines have the same efficacy and safety as originators at lower prices; however, there are concerns with their utilization in Nigeria. Objective was to evaluate physicians' understanding and perception of generics. A questionnaire was administered among physicians working in tertiary healthcare facilities in four geo-political regions of Nigeria.

Knowledge, perception and practice of injection safety and healthcare waste management among teaching hospital staff in south east Nigeria: an intervention study.

Introduction: Health care workers are exposed to the risk of blood-borne diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B and C in their daily encounter with infected patients and materials through unsafe injections. This study determined the baseline and post-intervention knowledge and practice of modern injection safety standards among health care workers.

Methods: The study population was the healthcare workers in a teaching hospital in southeastern Nigeria.

Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among HIV patients in a suburban University Teaching Hospital in South-East Nigeria.

Introduction: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved survival of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. Concurrent morbidities from liver diseases among these patients have also been observed due to co-infection with hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV). HAART reduces liver-associated morbidities and mortalities in such patients.

Non Protease Inhibitor-Based Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) improves micromineral status in HIV positive Nigerians.

Introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved the prognosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The social burden of HIV infection in Nigeria is well appreciated, but the consequences of this infection and HAART on micro mineral status are unknown in Nigeria. We evaluated these effects in Orlu, Imo State, Nigeria.

Selenium, zinc and magnesium status of HIV positive adults presenting at a university teaching hospital in Orlu-Eastern Nigeria.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with increased nutrient requirement. Information on micro-mineral status in HIV infected in Nigerians is lacking. We evaluated the impact of HIV infection on selenium, zinc and magnesium status of HIV infected adults presenting at Imo State University Teaching Hospital.

Theatre and laboratory workers' awareness of and safety practices against hepatitis B and C infection in a suburban university teaching hospital in Nigeria.

Introduction: The consistent use of barrier protection among theatre workers is low in this region, so also is hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. We assessed the level of awareness of HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV), HBV vaccination and adoption of safety measures by theatre and laboratory workers.

Methods: Structured questionnaires were administered to these workers which assessed level of knowledge of the viruses, practice of barrier protection and level of HBV vaccination.

Herbs in orthodox practice: a view by medical students.

Use and opinion of herbs among medical students of Imo State University Nigeria was assessed. Information on herb use, indication and opinion from returned self-administered questionnaire was analyzed. A total of 114 students (91.

Drug prescribing pattern at the medical outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in southwestern Nigeria.

Purpose: Assessment of drug use patterns with World Health Organization (WHO) Drug Use Indicators is becoming increasingly necessary towards promoting rational drug use in the developing countries. This study aimed at assessing the drug prescription pattern at the Medical Outpatient Clinic (MOP), University College Hospital, Ibadan, using some WHO core drug use indicators.

Methods: One thousand four hundred and forty-seven patient encounters were reviewed prospectively over a 2-month period.

Treatment of ameloblastoma--a review.

Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumour of the jaw. Despite the extensive literature on the incidence, clinical and radiographic features, behaviour and histologic pattern of this tumour, the method of treatment is still controversial and not well established. This paper reviews the various surgical methods of treatment of ameloblastoma and highlight the importance of the biologic growth pattern of this tumour in the treatment modalities.