Self-reported increase in alcohol and drugs intake as a coping strategy in hospital workers during COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study.

Situations of psychological stress, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic, could lead to an increase in the consumption of alcohol and other drugs of abuse as an inadequate coping strategy in health workers. This study aimed to investigate the intake of alcohol and drugs of abuse in hospital workers during the first wave of COVID-19. A further focus was to define the worker profile most vulnerable to this behavior through a logistic regression analysis.

Antiretroviral treatment adherence and mental disorders: observational case-control study in people living with HIV in Spain.

Mental disorders hamper immunological control of HIV infection by exerting a negative influence on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. We sought to address the possible relationship between non-adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART), mental disorders and substance use in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Spain, which presents a high prevalence of intravenously transmitted HIV infection. We assessed 125 PLWHA attending regular outpatient follow-up.

Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Related Variables: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Sample of Workers in a Spanish Tertiary Hospital.

We intend to objectify the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the workers of a tertiary hospital. All the workers were invited to an online survey. In total, 657 workers were recruited, including 536 healthcare workers (HCWs) and 121 non-healthcare workers (nHCWs).

Personality and adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected adult patients.

Objective: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been able to transform HIV infection into a chronic disease. However, ART adherence remains an important barrier and personality traits have been postulated as a factor to be considered. This study aims to identify personality traits that can affect ART adherence, taking into account other potentially influencing factors.

Influence of substance use and cognitive impairment on adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV+ patients.

Strict adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART) is needed to ensure the effectiveness of HIV treatment. The adverse effects of substance abuse and neurocognitive impairment on medication adherence have both been suggested by several studies. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the relationship among adherence to ART, cognitive dysfunction, and abuse of certain substances (alcohol, heroin, cocaine, other stimulants, cannabis and benzodiazepines) and/or methadone treatment in our social environment.

Relationship between alcohol consumption, whether linked to other substance use or not, and antiretroviral treatment adherence in HIV+ patients.

Hazardous alcohol consumption is a common diagnosis among people living with HIV infection. The relationship between alcohol consumption and poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy has been highlighted in different studies, yet few of them performed a parallel analysis of other substance use. In Spain, alcohol consumption is frequently associated with other substance use, mainly cannabis and cocaine.

[Predictors of the therapeutic discharge in patients with dual pathology admitted to a therapeutic community with a psychiatric unit].

This study aims to analyze the variables on which depends therapeutic discharge, in patients with a severe dual diagnosis admitted to a professional therapeutic community where their pathology is treated. 325 patients admitted between June 2000 and June 2009 to the therapeutic community. This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study with no control group, based on the detailed analysis of the information collected in a model of semi-structured clinical interview designed in the therapeutic community.

[Cognitive and executive dysfunctions in cocaine dependence: a case-control study].

Introduction: In the past, various studies have related chronic cocaine use to diverse types of neuropsychological impairment. However, the majority of these studies offer partial results using batteries of tests of little ecological weight.

Aim: To investigate neuropsychological impairment (and of executive functions in particular) amongst severe chronic cocaine users, measured by means of more ecological tests and in a more global manner, taking confounding factors into account, such as age, years of schooling, gender, race, opioid dependence and alcohol consumption.

[Pilot study on the prevalence of dual pathology in community mental health and substance misuse services in Madrid].

Aim: To evaluate retrospectively the comorbidity of mental and addictive disorders in community mental health and substance misuse services in Madrid.

Methods: The medical records of 400 patients from mental health and substance misuse services in Madrid were evaluated. Records were examined for the last 20 patients from each service unit.

[Managing the use of cannabis in a young population in primary care].

Cannabis is currently the most frequently used illicit drug substance in developed societies, just behind legal alcohol and tobacco. In this article clinical implications concerning cannabis use, particularly in young people, are approached. It also points out ways to make a correct diagnosis in Primary Care, with special emphasis on prevention and treatment.

Executive dysfunction in chronic cocaine users: an exploratory study.

Introduction: Chronic cocaine use is associated with some executive deficits. We assessed executive functions using ecologically valid tests in chronic cocaine users.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between executive deficits and three measures of severity of cocaine use: years of use, quantity used, and frequency of use.

[Cyclical hyperemesis secondary to cannabis abuse].

Cannabinoid hyperemesis is characterized by recurring episodes of nausea and vomiting, with a stereotyped pattern, related to cannabis consumption. This syndrome is a paradoxical reaction to cannabis that develops in susceptible chronic cannabis users after several years of exposure. There is a direct relationship between cannabis use and the onset of the hyperemesis and between cessation of cannabis use and symptom resolution.

[Use of cocaine and neuropsychological damage. Clinical implications].

The use of cocaine is a worldwide problem, not only because of its high prevalence but also because of the serious medical and social repercussions. The brain is one of the organs more directly affected by the consumption of cocaine. It provokes vascular damage, but especially alterations at the level of receptors and neuromodulators, that have severe repercussion on cognitive functioning.