Transfer of Motor Fascicle From the Ulnar Nerve to the Axillary Nerve by Posterior Access. New Approach.

Abstract: We describe a new technique of transferring the motor branch ulnar nerve (UN) to the axillary nerve (AN) by posterior approach. Three patients with C5, C6, and C7 brachial plexus injury were operated. By supraclavicular approach, the spinal accessory was transferred to the suprascapular nerve.

V-Y Flap Over Moberg's Flap to Cover the Thumb's Fingertip Injury: Technique and Cases.

The Moberg flap has been used to achieve coverage of amputations of the thumb's fingertip. However, it has been associated with flexion contractures of the interphalangeal (IP) joint of the thumb. A modification of the surgical technique is presented, adding a distal V-Y flap to allow greater advancement, and avoiding IP joint contractures.

Quadrant Flap for Fingertip Reconstruction in Macrodactyly: Technique and Case Report.

Macrodactyly is a serious and rare disease and considered one of the most difficult pathologies to treat. There is no rule and the treatment for each patient must be tailor-made, depending on the location and degree of macrodactyly. Although amputation is a valid option for adult patients, nail preservation and reconstruction are important and has a direct impact on the treatment outcome, both aesthetically and on the patient's self-esteem.

Transfer of Motor Fascicle From the Median to the Axillary Nerve for Upper Brachial Plexus Injury: A Surgical Technique and Case Report.

Upper brachial plexus injury or isolated lesions of the axillary nerve (AN) compromise shoulder functionality significantly. Different surgical techniques have been described for selective reconstruction of the AN, with good results especially in association with repair of the suprascapular nerve. The objective of this study is to describe the transfer of motor fascicles of the median nerve to the AN by an axillary approach in cadavers and the clinical results in 2 patients.

Classification for Thumb Opposition in Children with Thumb Hypoplasia.

The Kapandji scale has 10 levels and includes abduction, rotation and flexion movements. Assessing children with thumb hypoplasia, this scale is poorly understood and confusing. The objective of the study is to evaluate an opposition scale simpler and understandable for children.

Wrist Arthrodesis in Children With Cerebral Palsy.

Wrist treatment in spastic cerebral palsy includes splints, botulinum toxin, tendon transfers, tendon lengthening, capsular liberations, and arthrodesis. A well-indicated wrist arthrodesis corrects deformity improving function and cosmetic appearance in patients with fixed deformities. It is indicated in patients with cerebral palsy, older than 12 years with a fixed deformity in wrist flexion.

Double V-Y Flap to Cover the Fingertip Injury: New Technique and Cases.

The volar V-Y flap is used in transverse or dorsal oblique amputations in fingertip injuries; however, its use is contraindicated in patients with volar oblique amputations and cannot advance distally enough to cover the defect. The aim of this report is to describe a technique of double V-Y flap to cover fingertip defects in which a simple V-Y flap is not enough. This technique allows advancement between 30% and 50% farther than the original, simple V-Y flap.

Load distribution on the radio-carpal joint for carpal arthrodesis.

Background And Objective: Carpal fusions are useful for treating specific carpal disorders, maximizing postoperative wrist motion, hand strength, reducing pain and instability of the joint. The surgeon selects the appropriate treatment by considering the degree of stability, the chronicity of the injury, functional demands of the patient and former patient's outcomes as well. However there are not many studies regarding the load distribution provided by the treatment.

Second toe-to-hand transplantation: A surgical option for hand amputations.

Background: The toe to hand transplantation is a method of reconstruction on the unique or multiple amputations of the fingers. It can be used the whole toe or with certain modifications as a wrap-around flap from the big toe or fingertip. It is a widely accepted option for the thumb.

The Retrograde Ulnar Dorsal Flap: Surgical Technique and Experience as Island Flap in Coverage of Hand Defects.

Flaps from the forearm are often used to reconstruct soft-tissue defects in the hand. The retrograde ulnar dorsal flap has the advantage that it does not sacrifice a major vascular axis. The anatomic bases of this flap are the proximal and distal branch of the ulnar dorsal artery.

Theoretical distribution of load in the radius and ulna carpal joint.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to validate a model for the analysis of the load distribution through the wrist joint, subjected to forces on the axes of the metacarpals from distal to proximal for two different mesh densities.

Method: To this end, the Rigid Body Spring Model (RBSM) method was used on a three-dimensional model of the wrist joint, simulating the conditions when making a grip handle. The cartilage and ligaments were simulated as springs acting under compression and tension, respectively, while the bones were considered as rigid bodies.

[Ipsilateral brachial plexus C7 root transfer. Presentation of a case and a literature review].

The C7 root in brachial plexus injuries has been used since 1986, since the first description by Gu at that time. This root can be used completely or partially in ipsilateral or contralateral lesions of the brachial plexus. A review of the literature and the case report of a 21-month-old girl with stab wounds to the neck and section of the C5 root of the right brachial plexus are presented.

Prevalence of flatfoot in school between 3 and 10 years. Study of two different populations geographically and socially.

Introduction: Children present with flatfoot from birth and it resolves along infancy. There have been several risk factors identified for the development of flatfoot: male sex, young age, overweight and obesity. The prevalence of flatfoot decreases with age.

[New flexor tendon graft of fingers using the extensor carpus radialis longus. Anatomical and clinical study].

The palmaris longus has long been used as the source of a tendinous graft for the reconstruction of finger flexor tendons with good results. There are other sources of tendons, such as the plantaris, the finger extensors, and the toe extensors and flexors. A recent descripiton includes harvesting a graft from the plantaris with a bone fragment, as a bone-tendon, to allow for a more solid distal fixation using a screw.

[Anatomic aspects of the posterior interosseous nerve in the proximal approach to the radius].

Introduction: It is important to understand the spatial relation between the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN), the radial head, and the supinator muscle in pronation or supination. The objectives of this study are: to describe of the PIN and how it is related with the supinator muscle; to measure the distance between the PIN and the radius while the forearm is pronated or supinated; to determine the best interval for the approach of proximal radius.

Material And Methods: We conducted this study with 18 fresh cadavers.

Distally-based superficial sural neurocutaneous flap for reconstruction of the ankle and foot in children.

Introduction: There are various options for covering soft tissue defects in the lower extremities, but the distal third of the leg continues to be a difficult area. The distally-based sural neurocutaneous flap which is based on the sural nerve and the superficial sural artery has been an important option since it was first proposed.

Methods And Materials: 16 children, with an average age of 9 years had different local lesions on the distal third of the leg or foot which compromised the Achilles tendon, extensor tendons in the foot and toes or the osteoarticular system, were treated using the distally-based sural flap.

Anatomical study of the ulnar dorsal artery and design of a new retrograde ulnar dorsal flap.

Background: The purpose of this article is to describe a new flap that resulted from a study of the vascular distribution of the ulnar dorsal artery. The study was directed toward the distal and proximal branches with their anastomoses.

Methods: Green latex was injected into the brachial artery of the proximal limbs of 25 cadavers.

[Primary osteoarticular tuberculosis: the reappearance of a forgotten pathology].

2 cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis infection are presented (one in the talus and the other in the spine) in seemingly healthy patients having no epidemic antecedents. These are representative cases of primary osteoarticular tuberculosis, showing a gradual increase over the last decade in Colombia in patients without immunological alterations and having no family antecedents or history of contact.