Preclinical Assessment of Tissue Effects by Gastrointestinal Endoscope Tip Temperature.

Background: Endoscope tips are heated by their electrical and illuminating components. During the procedure, they might get in close or even direct contact with intestinal tissues.

Objective: To assess endoscope tip and tissue temperature as well as histopathologic changes of gastrointestinal (GI) tissues when exposed to the heated tip of GI endoscopes.

A pilot study on active and passive ex vivo characterisation of the urinary bladder and its impact on three-dimensional modelling.

Insight into the global deformation of the urinary bladder during passive and active phases is crucial for understanding the biomechanics and function of the organ. Therefore, in the present study, the three-dimensional deformations of the porcine urinary bladder were investigated using 10 cameras in ex vivo experiments. Voltages between 20 V and 40 V were applied to induce contraction without outflow (isovolumetric) and against different back pressures (isobaric).

On multiscale tension-compression asymmetry in skeletal muscle.

Skeletal muscle tissue shows a clear asymmetry with regard to the passive stresses under tensile and compressive deformation, referred to as tension-compression asymmetry (TCA). The present study is the first one reporting on TCA at different length scales, associated with muscle tissue and muscle fibres, respectively. This allows for the first time the comparison of TCA between the tissue and one of its individual components, and thus to identify the length scale at which this phenomenon originates.

Predicting muscle tissue response from calibrated component models and histology-based finite element models.

Skeletal muscle is an anisotropic soft biological tissue composed of muscle fibres embedded in a structurally complex, hierarchically organised extracellular matrix. In a recent work (Kuravi et al., 2021) we have developed 3D finite element models from series of histological sections.

Location- and layer-dependent biomechanical and microstructural characterisation of the porcine urinary bladder wall.

The knowledge of the mechanical properties of the urinary bladder wall helps to explain its storage and micturition functions in health and disease studies; however, these properties largely remain unknown, especially with regard to its layer-specific characteristics and microstructure. Consequently, this study entails the assessment of the layer-specific differences in the mechanical properties and microstructure of the bladder wall, especially during loading. Accordingly, ninety-two (n=92) samples of porcine urinary bladder walls were mechanically and histologically analysed.

Biomechanical and microstructural characterisation of the porcine stomach wall: Location- and layer-dependent investigations.

The mechanical properties of the stomach wall help to explain its function of storing, mixing, and emptying in health and disease. However, much remains unknown about its mechanical properties, especially regarding regional heterogeneities and wall microstructure. Consequently, the present study aimed to assess regional differences in the mechanical properties and microstructure of the stomach wall.

Locational and Directional Dependencies of Smooth Muscle Properties in Pig Urinary Bladder.

The urinary bladder is a distensible hollow muscular organ, which allows huge changes in size during absorption, storage and micturition. Pathological alterations of biomechanical properties can lead to bladder dysfunction and loss in quality of life. To understand and treat bladder diseases, the mechanisms of the healthy urinary bladder need to be determined.

Foot internal stress distribution during impact in barefoot running as function of the strike pattern.

The aim of the present study is to examine the impact absorption mechanism of the foot for different strike patterns (rearfoot, midfoot and forefoot) using a continuum mechanics approach. A three-dimensional finite element model of the foot was employed to estimate the stress distribution in the foot at the moment of impact during barefoot running. The effects of stress attenuating factors such as the landing angle and the surface stiffness were also analyzed.

Location-dependent correlation between tissue structure and the mechanical behaviour of the urinary bladder.

Unlabelled: The mechanical properties of the urinary bladder wall are important to understand its filling-voiding cycle in health and disease. However, much remains unknown about its mechanical properties, especially regarding regional heterogeneities and wall microstructure. The present study aimed to assess the regional differences in the mechanical properties and microstructure of the urinary bladder wall.

Non-linear finite element model to assess the effect of tendon forces on the foot-ankle complex.

A three-dimensional foot finite element model with actual geometry and non-linear behavior of tendons is presented. The model is intended for analysis of the lower limb tendon forces effect in the inner foot structure. The geometry of the model was obtained from computational tomographies and magnetic resonance images.

Structural and material properties of human foot tendons.

Backgrounds: The aim of this study was to assess the mechanical properties of the main balance tendons of the human foot in vitro reporting mechanical structural properties and mechanical material properties separately. Tendon structural properties are relevant for clinical applications, for example in orthopedic surgery to elect suitable replacements. Tendon material properties are important for engineering applications such as the development of refined constitutive models for computational simulation or in the design of synthetic materials.

Influence of first proximal phalanx geometry on hallux valgus deformity: a finite element analysis.

Hallux abducto valgus (HAV), one of the most common forefoot deformities, occurs primarily in elderly women. HAV is a complex disease without a clearly identifiable cause for its higher prevalence in women compared with men. Several studies have reported various skeletal parameters related to HAV.