Effects of glyphosate on sperm quality of the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata, under the "One Health" perspective.

This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of the commercial formulation Roundup Ultramax® on sperm mortality and viability, in terms of the capacity of spermatozoids (spz) to trigger the acrosome reaction (AR), using the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata as a model. To this, an in vivo assay comprising 100 days duration was carried out, on a control group and two groups exposed to the formulation (0.01 mg/L and 0.

Endocrine disruption in crustaceans: New findings and perspectives.

A significant advance has been made, especially during the last two decades, in the knowledge of the effects on crustacean species of pollutants proven to be endocrine disruptors in vertebrates. Such effects have been also interpreted in the light of recent studies on crustacean endocrinology. Year after year, the increased number of reports refer to the effects of endocrine disruptors on several processes hormonally controlled.

Long-Term Exposure of the Red Cherry Shrimp Neocaridina davidi to Diclofenac: Impact on Survival, Growth, and Reproductive Potential.

The current study was aimed at studying the long-term effects of diclofenac on the freshwater shrimp Neocaridina davidi, concerning survival, somatic growth, and reproduction. In this study, both ovigerous females and males of this species were exposed for 63 d to 0 (control), 0.1, or 1 mg/L of diclofenac.

Inhibition of Oocyte Maturation in the Estuarine Crab Neohelice Granulata, by the Effect of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.

The drugs ibuprofen and diclofenac were assessed in vivo on adult females of the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata. In a first, preliminary assay comprising 60-d, a significant (p < 0.05) lower content of total vitellogenic proteins was detected in the ovary at 10 mg/L of each drug.

Effects of the Herbicide Atrazine on Crustacean Reproduction. Mini-Review.

Atrazine, one of the most intensively applied herbicides worldwide, is commonly found in several water bodies, affecting the associated fauna. Autochthon crustacean species have been relatively less studied, compared to vertebrate species, particularly concerning reproductive success. In this mini-review, we summarize the relevant information about the effects of atrazine exposure on the main reproductive aspects of crustaceans.

The Effect of Glyphosate on the Reproduction of Estuarine Crabs: as a Study Model.

This review summarizes the bulk of evidence about the effect of glyphosate, both technical and formulated, on the ovarian maturation of female crabs, as well as the effects of glyphosate on sperm production in males of the same species. After long-term assays, made during the 3-month pre-reproductive period of this species, both formulated and technical glyphosate were able to produce a significant incidence of oocyte reabsorption in the ovary, together with a concomitant decreased of vitellogenin content, at concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 1 mg/L.

In vitro Interference of a Glyphosate Commercial Formulation with the Stimulation of Ovarian Maturation by Progesterone, in the Estuarine Crab Neohelice granulata.

This study was aimed at evaluating the possible interference of formulated glyphosate to the endocrine control of ovarian growth exerted by progesterone, in the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata. The addition of Roundup Ultramax® (0.2 mg/L of glyphosate in the incubation medium) was able to potentiate the stimulating effect of progesterone on total vitellogenic protein (Vg) content of ovarian pieces from crabs.

Interference of an atrazine commercial formulation with the endocrine control of ovarian growth exerted by the eyestalks.

Atrazine is currently one of the most used herbicides worldwide. We tested the possible effect of the widely used herbicide atrazine on the endocrine control of ovarian growth exerted by the neurohormones secreted at the eyestalk of the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata. For this, both in vivo and in vitro assays were carried out.

Imbalances in the male reproductive function of the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata, caused by glyphosate.

The effect of glyphosate, both pure and formulated (Roundup Ultramax®), was evaluated on males of the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata, by means of both in vivo and in vitro assays. The in vivo assays comprised the exposure for 30 d to 1 mg/L of the herbicide, until finally assessing weight gain, levels of energy reserves, sperm number per spermatophore, proportion of abnormal spermatophores, and sperm viability. At the end of this assay, significant (p < 0.

Effects of atrazine on vitellogenesis, steroid levels and lipid peroxidation, in female red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii.

Atrazine, a widely use herbicide, has been classified as a potential endocrine disruptor, especially for freshwater species. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that atrazine can affect reproduction in crayfish through dysregulation of vitellogenin expression and hormone synthesis. Adult female crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) were exposed during one month to atrazine at concentrations of either 1 or 5 mg/L.

Ovarian growth impairment after chronic exposure to Roundup Ultramax® in the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata.

Adult females of the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata were exposed to the glyphosate formulation Roundup Ultramax® during the entire 3-month pre-reproductive period. At the end of the assay, a significant higher increment of glycemia was noted at both glyphosate concentrations assayed (0.01 and 0.

Hard-shell mating in Neohelice granulata: the role of ecdysone in female receptivity and mate attraction.

Most brachyuran females become receptive during the intermolt period, a condition considered "derived". However, as far as we know, studies testing the existence and function of pheromones in decapods are based on species which have mating linked to molting, a condition considered as "ancestral". For the first time, we studied some physiological and morphological processes involved in Neohelice granulata intermolt female crabs becoming receptive and potentially attracting males.

Mechanism of action of endosulfan as disruptor of gonadal steroidogenesis in the cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus.

The organochlorine pesticide endosulfan (ES) is used in several countries as a wide spectrum insecticide on crops with high commercial value. Due to its high toxicity to non-target animals, its persistence in the environment and its ability to act as an endocrine disrupting compound in fish, ES use is currently banned or restricted in many other countries. Previous studies on the cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus have shown that waterborne exposure to ES can lead to both decreased pituitary FSH content and histological alterations of testes.

Effects of atrazine on growth and sex differentiation, in juveniles of the freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus.

The effect of the herbicide atrazine was assayed in early juveniles of the redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. Four cohorts of juveniles (a total of 280 animals) were exposed for 4 wk to each one of three atrazine concentrations (0.1, 0.

Involvement of the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) in the physiological compensation of the freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus to low temperature and high salinity stress.

This study was aimed at determining the role of the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) in the physiological compensation to both saline and thermal stress, in the freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. By determining the expression of the CHH gene in the eyestalk of juvenile crayfish, we found that maximal induction of CHH was induced at high salinity (10 g/L) and low temperature (20 °C). In order to investigate the role of CHH in the physiological compensation to such stressful conditions, recombinant CHH was supplied to stressed animals.

Effects of glyphosate on egg incubation, larvae hatching, and ovarian rematuration in the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata.

Ovigerous females of the estuarine crab (Neohelice granulate) were exposed to both pure glyphosate (2.5 mg/L and 5 mg/L) and a glyphosate formulation (Roundup Ultramax, containing glyphosate at 2.5 mg/L acid equivalent).

Vitellogenin levels in hemolymph, ovary and hepatopancreas of the freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Decapoda: Parastacidae) during the reproductive cycle.

The freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus is a tropical species of great interest for aquaculture. Vitellogenin (Vg), a lipoprotein precursor of the vitellum accumulated in spawned eggs, can be synthesized in the ovary and/or hepatopancreas of most crustaceans, being the hemolymph the way for transporting Vg throughout the reproductive cycle. Concentration of Vg in hemolymph, ovary and hepatopancreas of Cherax quadricarinatus adult females was measured by means of ELISA, specifically developed after purifying the native Vg.

Effects of glyphosate and polyoxyethylenamine on growth and energetic reserves in the freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Decapoda, Parastacidae).

Freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus have a high commercial value and are cultured in farms where they are potentially exposed to pesticides. Therefore, we examined the sublethal effects of a 50-day exposure to glyphosate acid and polyoxyethylenamine (POEA), both alone and in a 3:1 mixture, on the growth and energetic reserves in muscle, hepatopancreas and hemolymph of growing juvenile crayfish. Exposure to two different glyphosate and POEA mixtures caused lower somatic growth and decreased muscle protein levels.

In vitro effects of both dopaminergic and enkephalinergic antagonists on the ovarian growth of Cherax quadricarinatus (Decapoda, Parastacidae), at different periods of the reproductive cycle.

The in vitro effect of both spiperone (dopaminergic antagonist) and naloxone (enkephalinergic antagonist), was assayed on small pieces of ovary dissected from C. quadricarinatus females, with the eventual addition of some neuroendocrine organs, such as thoracic ganglion or eyestalk tissue. The incorporation of tritiated leucine by the ovary was measured in order to estimate the ovarian growth.

Induction of ovarian growth in Aegla platensis (Crustacea, Aeglidae) by means of neuroregulators incorporated to food.

The freshwater crab Aegla platensis was used as a model to induce ovarian growth by adding different neuroregulators to a pellet food formulation. Added compounds were the dopaminergic inhibitor spiperone or the enkephalinergic inhibitor naloxone, both of them at a dose of 10(-8) mol/animal. Animals were fed on the enriched pellets twice a week.

Endocrine disruption in crustaceans due to pollutants: a review.

The main endocrine-regulated processes of crustaceans have been reviewed in relation to the effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). Molting has been shown to be inhibited by several organic pollutants, such as xenoestrogens and related compounds, as well as by some pesticides. Most of these disrupters are thought to interfere with ecdysone at target tissues, although only for a few has this action been demonstrated in vitro.

Toxicity of mercury during the embryonic development of Chasmagnathus granulatus (Brachyura, Varunidae).

Ovigerous females of the estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulatus were exposed to mercury (0.1mg/L) during the entire, early, or late embryonic development. A delay in the egg incubation period and some morphological abnormalities were detected in larvae hatched from exposed females.

Interference of cadmium and copper with the endocrine control of ovarian growth, in the estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulata.

The effects of cadmium and copper on the hormonal control of ovarian growth were evaluated on the estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulata, by means of both in vivo (14 days exposure) and in vitro (24 h) assays. For both kind of assays, heavy metal concentrations of 0 (control), 0.5 mg/L of cadmium or 0.

Inhibition of molting by cadmium in the crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Decapoda Brachyura).

The effect of cadmium on molting of the estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulata was assayed. Adult males were eyestalk-ablated, in order to synchronically induce molting, and were then chronically exposed to cadmium at 0.25 or 0.

Effect of methyl farnesoate, alone and in combination with other hormones, on ovarian growth of the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, during vitellogenesis.

The effect of methyl farnesoate (MF) on the ovaries of female red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, undergoing vitellogenesis was determined both in vivo and in vitro. The in vivo assay showed a positive effect of MF on oocyte growth when injected alone and in combination with 17 beta-estradiol, but not in combination with JHIII or 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. A higher level of incorporation of labeled leucine was induced by MF on isolated pieces of ovary.