Topographical Quantification of Hyper-Reflective Foci May Predict the Development of Macular Atrophy in Patients With Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was o examine the optical coherence tomographic (OCT) characteristics of hyper-reflective foci (HRF) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and to assess the potential of HRF as a predictive factor for the development of macular atrophy following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 61 treatment-naïve eyes diagnosed with exudative AMD and type 1 macular neovascularization (MNV). The HRF was identified in the inner retina and outer retina layers, and the treatment response of HRF was documented.

The Umbra and the Penumbra: Longitudinal Effects of Geographic Atrophy in AMD on the Outer Choroid by Imaging Analysis and Histopathological Correlation.

Purpose: To quantitate regional changes in the outer choroidal vessels in patients with geographic atrophy (GA) in AMD and to correlate with a histopathological donor sample.

Methods: We analyzed 35 participants with GA for in vivo analysis and 1 participant with subject for histopathological analysis. Participants underwent three structural optical coherence tomography scans spaced 6 months apart over 1 year.

Non-exudative OCT findings in neovascular AMD.

In this narrative review we describe the main optical coherence tomography biomarkers appearing in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that do not directly correspond to exudation. We highlight those signs that may mimic exudation and therefore do not require active treatment, such as outer retinal tubulations, pseudocysts, lipid globules, or hyporeflective wedges. Other signs may indicate impending exudation such as hyperreflective foci or shallow irregular retinal pigment epithelium elevation, and therefore should be carefully monitored.

Micropulse Laser versus Eplerenone for Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A 12-Month Comparison.

Introduction: To compare the long-term efficacy of navigated subthreshold micropulse laser (NSML) and continuous oral eplerenone (EPL) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC).

Methods: This retrospective observational study included 44 eyes with cCSC (EPL: n = 26; NSML: n = 18). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), subretinal fluid (SRF) height, and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) were evaluated over 12 months.

Symptomatic Vitreous Opacities: Exploring the Mismatch between Clinical Observation of Vitreous Alterations and Self-Reported Symptoms.

To assess the mismatch between the clinical observation of vitreous alterations and self-reported symptoms in young patients complaining of symptomatic vitreous opacities (SVO). The ophthalmic medical records of young patients presenting primarily with SVO were retrospectively evaluated. Symptoms severity was assessed using a questionnaire.

The no-retina-touch technique: vitrectomy and platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of lamellar macular hole. New insights into pathogenesis.

Purpose: To explore the use of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a potential therapeutic adjuvant strategy for treating degenerative lamellar macular holes (LMHs).

Design: A prospective interventional case series.

Methods: Seven consecutive patients (8 eyes) with a diagnosis of LMH underwent a pars-plana vitrectomy with PRP injection under air tamponade.

Longitudinal structural changes in central serous chorioretinopathy: A multimodal imaging-based study.

Purpose: To analyse the longitudinal changes in imaging parameters in eyes with acute or chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Methods: This was a multicentric, retrospective, longitudinal, observational study in patients with a diagnosis of CSCR and having at least 4 years of follow-up. Trend in choroidal thickness (CT), area of double layer sign (DLS), area of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) alterations, and area of hyper-autofluorescence were analysed.

Topographical Quantification of Retinal Fluid in Type 3 MNV and Associations With Short-Term Visual Outcomes.

Purpose: This study aims to quantify the volume of intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF), and subretinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE) fluid in treatment-naïve Type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV) eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to investigate the correlation of these fluid volumes with visual acuity (VA) outcomes at baseline and following antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment.

Design: Retrospective, clinical cohort study.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed patients diagnosed with exudative AMD and treatment-naïve Type 3 MNV undergoing a loading dose of anti-VEGF therapy.

Interreader and Intermodality Variability in Macular Atrophy Quantification in Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration: Comparison of 6 Imaging Modalities.

Purpose: Macular atrophy is a common complication in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and is associated with poorer visual outcomes. This study evaluated interreader and intermodality variability in measuring macular atrophy in previously treated neovascular AMD eyes without exudation using 6 imaging modalities.

Design: Prospective, cohort study.

Choriocapillaris in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease characterized by progressive alterations of different retinal structures ultimately leading to vision loss. Among these, the choriocapillaris (CC) has been found to be affected in different stages of AMD. In this review we provide a discussion on the different stages of AMD, focusing particularly on the alterations involving the CC.

Vitrectomy in Small idiopathic MAcuLar hoLe (SMALL) study: conventional internal limiting membrane peeling versus inverted flap.

Background: To compare conventional internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling versus inverted flap technique in small idiopathic macular hole.

Methods: Retrospective, multicentre cohort study including consecutive eyes with a ≤250 μm idiopathic macular hole treated with primary vitrectomy. The primary outcome was best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) change and macular hole closure rate.

Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) associated with Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy (PAMM) and Cilioretinal Artery Occlusion (CILRAO): multimodal imaging of a newly described clinical association.

Purpose: To report multimodal imaging features of a novel association of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM), and cilioretinal artery occlusion (CILRAO).

Methods: A 74-year-old male patient presented complaining of an acute subjective decline in visual acuity in the right eye over the previous days. This patient underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological assessment, including multimodal retinal imaging and visual field test.

Comparison of diabetic retinopathy screening between hospital-based multidisciplinary and general practice-based settings: insights from a regional study in Italy.

Purpose: To compare diabetic retinopathy screening among patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes under care in two distinct setups: hospital-based multidisciplinary and general practice-based.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective observational case series, we collected data from a total of 133 diabetic patients: subjects from the hospital-based multidisciplinary setting were referred by the diabetologist and screened by an ophthalmologist using the Optomed Aurora IQ fundus camera. These patients were compared with those who underwent DR screening arranged through a general practice-based setting.

Long-Term Surgical Outcomes of Scleral Flap versus Scleral Pocket Technique for Sutureless Intrascleral One-Piece Lens Fixation.

This study compared long-term surgical outcomes of the scleral flap versus scleral pocket technique for sutureless intrascleral one-piece intraocular lens (IOL) fixation. : A retrospective comparative study was conducted at a single center, involving consecutive patients undergoing sutureless intrascleral one-piece IOL implantation, between January 2020 and May 2022. Eyes were divided into two groups based on the surgical technique: group 1 underwent scleral flap = 64), and group 2 received scleral pocket technique ( = 59).

Macular thickness and visual acuity are characterized by a quadratic nonlinear relation in previously treated neovascular AMD eyes.

Purpose: To assess the associations between visual acuity (VA) and retinal thickness in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) eyes treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy.

Methods: Sixty-eight patients with neovascular AMD (68 eyes) undergoing anti-VEGF therapy with two years of follow-up imaging data after the initiation of treatment were retrospectively included. Linear and nonlinear regression analyses with curve fitting estimation were performed to explore the relationship between visual acuity and OCT-based parameters at the 3-month and 24-month follow-up visits.

Long-Term Impact of Diabetic Retinopathy on Response to Anti-VEGF Treatment in Neovascular AMD.

Purpose: To explore the long-term effect of diabetic retinopathy on response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment in age-related macular degeneration-associated type 1 macular neovascularization (MNV) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: A total of 45 eyes with exudative neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) with type 1 MNV were included in the analysis. Among them, 24 eyes of 24 patients had no history of diabetes mellitus (DM) in their anamnesis and were assigned to the Not Diabetic group; 21 eyes of 21 patients had mild diabetic retinopathy and were included in the Diabetic group.

LONG-TERM VISUAL OUTCOMES AND OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY BIOMARKERS IN EYES WITH MACULAR EDEMA SECONDARY TO RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION FOLLOWING ANTI-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR THERAPY.

Purpose: To evaluate the structural characteristics and long-term visual outcomes in eyes impacted by macular edema as a consequence of retinal vein occlusion that has undergone effective treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

Methods: Inclusion criteria comprised 42 eyes of 41 patients, subjected to long-term follow-up, displaying resolved macular edema after a minimum of 5 years since the commencement of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy. During the final visit, two experienced observers evaluated several qualitative parameters using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, such as the integrity of the external limiting membrane, the state of the ellipsoid zone and retinal pigment epithelium, and the presence of disorganization of the retinal inner layers.

The "triple-layer sign": an optical coherence tomography signature for the detection of non-exudative macular neovascularization.

Purpose: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of the "triple layer sign" (TLS) (retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), neovascular tissue, and Bruch's membrane) on structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) images for the diagnosis of treatment-naïve non-exudative type-1 macular neovascularization (NE-MNV) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Two masked retinal experts evaluated the presence of the TLS in eyes with NE-MNV and controls with an RPE elevation without exudation due to other causes than NE-MNV in AMD [e.

Deep Learning in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex and multifactorial condition that can lead to permanent vision loss once it progresses to the neovascular exudative stage. This review aims to summarize the use of deep learning in neovascular AMD. : Pubmed search.