Clofazimine: an old drug for never-ending diseases.

Clofazimine (CFZ), an old hydrophobic riminophenazine, has a wide range of antimycobacterial activity ranging from leprosy to nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. CFZ has several advantages such as a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, dose-dependent side effects as well as low price. In this narrative review, we have assessed the clinical development of CFZ, starting from the potential mechanism of actions, to the spectrum of side effects and potential drug-drug interactions, highlighting its current place in therapy and future possible use in leprosy, nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases and drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Neuropsychiatric reactions induced by cycloserine in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: what an Indian female patient tells us.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis continues to be a public health crisis. Urgent action is required to improve the coverage and quality of diagnosis, treatment and care for people affected by drug-resistant tuberculosis. To implement tuberculosis control, in 2018, WHO recommended cycloserine as one of the Group B drugs.

Genotype-phenotype correlation and evidence for a common ancestor in two Italian ALS patients with the D124G mutation.

: To describe the phenotypic and genotypic features of two unrelated Italian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, a FALS case and an apparently sporadic case, carrying the same D124G SOD1 mutation. Since this mutation is very rare, previously reported in only one patient of unknown geographical origin, to look for a founder effect. : Cases were classified based on the El Escorial revised criteria.

Investigational drugs for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

IPF is a specific form of chronic fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown cause, characterized by progressive worsening in lung function and an unfavorable prognosis. Current concepts on IPF pathogenesis are based on a dysregulated wound healing response, leading to an over production of extracellular matrix. Based on recent research however, several other mechanisms are now proposed as potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies.