Controllable Droplet Splitting with Parallel-Plate Optoelectrowetting Chips.

Recent advances in microfluidic technology highlight electrowetting for its programmability and precision. However, traditional electrowetting chips face limitations in scalability due to fixed electrode sizes. Optoelectrowetting (OEW) offers a solution with light-controlled virtual electrodes, but droplet splitting remains challenging.

Long-term risk of overweight in offspring of Chinese women with gestational diabetes defined by IADPSG's but not by WHO's criteria.

Aims: To examine long-term risk of overweight in offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) defined by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG)'s criteria but not by the 1999 World Health Organization (WHO)'s criteria.

Methods: We followed up 1681 mother-child pairs for 8 years in Tianjin, China. Overweight in children aged 1-5 and 6-8 were respectively defined as body mass index-for-age and -sex above the 2 z-score and 1 z-score curves of the WHO's child growth standards.

Three-Dimensional Lumbosacral Reconstruction by An Artificial Intelligence-Based Automated MR Image Segmentation for Selecting the Approach of Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy.

Background: Assessing the 3-dimensional (3D) relationship between critical anatomical structures and the surgical channel can help select percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) approaches, especially at the L5/S1 level. However, previous evaluation methods for PELD were mainly assessed using 2-dimensional (2D) medical images, making the understanding of the 3D relationship of lumbosacral structures difficult. Artificial intelligence based on automated magnetic resonance (MR) image segmentation has the benefit of 3D reconstruction of medical images.

The association between breastfeeding and childhood obesity/underweight: a population-based birth cohort study with repeated measured data.

Background: The impact of breastfeeding on childhood obesity has long been under debate, with most research showing significant association, and others showing weak or no association between breastfeeding and childhood obesity. What's more, almost all of the previous studies focused on the association between breastfeeding and childhood obesity, and no studies have assessed the association between breastfeeding and childhood underweight. This study aimed to examine the association between breastfeeding and childhood obesity as well as childhood underweight from 1 to 6 years old.

Increased Gestational Weight Gain is Associated with a Higher Risk of Offspring Adiposity Before Five Years of Age: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objective: We aim to investigate the influence of weight gain during pregnancy on the risk of offspring adiposity before five years old.

Methods: We retrospectively collected health information from the Tianjin mother-child cohort. Offspring outcome was BMI -score and prevalence of childhood adiposity from 0.

Automatic Grading of Disc Herniation, Central Canal Stenosis and Nerve Roots Compression in Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Image Diagnosis.

Aim: Accurate severity grading of lumbar spine disease by magnetic resonance images (MRIs) plays an important role in selecting appropriate treatment for the disease. However, interpreting these complex MRIs is a repetitive and time-consuming workload for clinicians, especially radiologists. Here, we aim to develop a multi-task classification model based on artificial intelligence for automated grading of lumbar disc herniation (LDH), lumbar central canal stenosis (LCCS) and lumbar nerve roots compression (LNRC) at lumbar axial MRIs.

Interactions between Prepregnancy Overweight and Passive Smoking for Macrosomia and Large for Gestational Age in Chinese Pregnant Women.

Introduction: Previous analysis showed that passive smoking and overweight were associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a synergistic manner, while GDM increased the risk of macrosomia/large for gestational age (LGA). This study aimed to examine any interactive effects between passive smoking and overweight/obesity on risk of macrosomia/LGA.

Methods: From 2010 to 2012, 22,302 pregnant women registered for pregnancy at a primary hospital in Tianjin, China.

Abnormal glucose in pre-school children and the association with obesity/physical activity: A large population-based study.

Aim: The rise of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in children has become a worldwide challenge, but population-based survey targeted on pre-school children is lacking. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of DM and IFG in pre-school children and their association with obesity and susceptible behaviours.

Methods: A population-based survey was conducted and 21,571 Chinese children aged 5-6 years were recruited from 66 kindergartens in Tianjin, China during the year of 2016-2018.

A sandwich-type catalytic composite reassembled with a birnessite layer and metalloporphyrin as a water oxidation catalyst.

High purity birnessite was synthesized and exfoliated into a negatively charged monolayer structure. A positively charged 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (4-aminophenyl) manganese porphyrin (MnTAPP) was synthesized. Driven by the electrostatic force and the coordination effect of the amino nitrogen on the manganese ion in birnessite, the single-layer birnessite was reassembled with MnTAPP, forming a new sandwich-type catalytic composite MnTAPP@bir.

Maternal education and newborn thyroid-stimulating hormone level in a congenital hypothyroidism screening program.

To examine the relationship between neonatal thyroid function and the formal education of mothers. Participants came from a population-based congenital hypothyroidism (CH) screening program in Tianjin, China. Of 66,390 registered births in 2015, 60,568 mothers and newborns had complete data.

Association of early pregnancy body mass index and children's birth weight with risk of being overweight in childhood.

Objectives: To examine the potential effects of mothers' early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and children's birth weight on childhood overweight/obesity at 1-6 years of age.

Methods: We performed a cohort study in Tianjin, China, using the health care records from the Tianjin maternal and child health care system with 36 719 mother-child pairs from early pregnancy to children at 6 years of age. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the single and joint associations of maternal early pregnancy BMI and children's birth weight with the risks of children being overweight at 1-6 years of age in multivariable-adjusted models.

Indicators of socio-economic status and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women in urban Tianjin, China.

Aims: To examine associations between the indicators of socio-economic status (SES) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: From 2010 to 2012, 17 659 women underwent glucose challenge test (GCT) and oral glucose tolerance test if GCT ≥ 7.8 mmol/L at 24-28 gestational weeks in 6 urban districts of Tianjin, China.

Gestational diabetes and offspring's growth from birth to 6 years old.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the children's body mass index (BMI) growth between offspring exposed to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and those not exposed, and assess the associations between maternal hyperglycemia and their offspring's overweight risk from 1 to 6 years of age.

Methods: Using the healthcare records data from the Tianjin Maternal and Child Healthcare System, we conducted a population-based cohort study, which is composed of 27,155 mother-child pairs with all mothers undergoing GDM screening test in pregnancy.

Results: After adjustment for maternal and children's characteristics, children born to mothers with abnormal glucose (including GDM or abnormal glucose challenge test (GCT) but normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results) during pregnancy had higher mean values of Z-scores for BMI for age at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 years of age, in comparison with those born to mothers with normal glucose (all P values < 0.

Maternal gestational diabetes and childhood obesity at age 9-11: results of a multinational study.

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to examine the association between maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and childhood obesity at age 9-11 years in 12 countries around the world.

Methods: A multinational cross-sectional study of 4740 children aged 9-11 years was conducted. Maternal GDM was diagnosed according to the ADA or WHO criteria.

Prevalence of congenital heart disease and its related risk indicators among 90,796 Chinese infants aged less than 6 months in Tianjin.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents one of the most prevalent congenital malformations. However, few studies use whole-population screening by colour Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic system to identify CHD among live infants. We estimate the prevalence of CHD and its major risk indicators among infants aged less than 6 months in urban Tianjin, China.

Maternal prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the single and joint associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with pregnancy outcomes in Tianjin, China.

Methods: Between June 2009 and May 2011, health care records of 33,973 pregnant women were collected and their children were measured for birth weight and birth length. The independent and joint associations of prepregnancy BMI and GWG based on the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines with the risks of pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were examined by using Logistic Regression.

Relationship between maternal fasting glucose levels at 4-12 gestational weeks and offspring growth and development in early infancy.

Objective: To evaluate the association of maternal fasting glucose levels at 4-12 gestational weeks with anthropometry in the offspring from birth to 12 months in Tianjin, China.

Design And Methods: A total of 57,454 pregnant women underwent a fasting glucose test during the first trimester, and their children had body weight/length measured from birth to 12 months of age.

Results: Maternal fasting glucose concentrations at 4-12 gestational weeks were positively associated with Z scores for birth weight, birth length, birth weight for length, and birth body mass index (BMI).

Maternal prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on offspring overweight in early infancy.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with anthropometry in the offspring from birth to 12 months old in Tianjin, China.

Methods: Between 2009 and 2011, health care records of 38,539 pregnant women had been collected, and their children had been measured body weight and length at birth, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age. The independent and joint associations of pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG based on the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines with anthropometry in the offspring were examined using General Linear Model and Logistic Regression.

Newborn hearing concurrent genetic screening for hearing impairment-a clinical practice in 58,397 neonates in Tianjin, China.

Objective: Newborn hearing screening (NHS) is used worldwide due to its feasibility and cost-efficiency. However, neonates with late-onset and progressive hearing impairment will be missed by NHS. Genetic factors account for an estimated 60% of congenital profound hearing loss.

Risk of childhood undernutrition related to small-for-gestational age and preterm birth in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Low- and middle-income countries continue to experience a large burden of stunting; 148 million children were estimated to be stunted, around 30-40% of all children in 2011. In many of these countries, foetal growth restriction (FGR) is common, as is subsequent growth faltering in the first 2 years. Although there is agreement that stunting involves both prenatal and postnatal growth failure, the extent to which FGR contributes to stunting and other indicators of nutritional status is uncertain.

[Blood-lipid levels of 20 041 kindergarten children aged 3 to 6 in Tianjin].

Objective: To understand the level of blood-lipid and prevalence of dyslipidemia of children aged 3 to 6 in Tianjin, so as to provide evidence for large-scale blood screening strategy and to develop intervention of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular in children.

Methods: 20,041 children aged 3 to 6 from 48 kindergartens were involved in this study, in Tianjin. Peripheral blood was collected from right leech-finger of these children, after fatless breakfast.

Birth weight, postnatal weight change, and risk for high blood pressure among chinese children.

Background: It is hypothesized that a physiological predisposition toward hypertension results from a combination of intrauterine growth restriction or overgrowth and excessive postnatal weight gain. Previous studies were conducted largely in Western countries however the hypothesis may also be relevant in developing countries where metabolic disorders are increasing.

Objective: We investigated the association of birth weight and postnatal weight gain with hypertension among Chinese children.

Sleep duration and hyperglycemia among obese and nonobese children aged 3 to 6 years.

Objective: To investigate the association between sleep duration and risk of hyperglycemia among preschool Chinese children.

Design: A population-based cross-sectional study.

Setting: Seventy-one randomly selected kindergartens in Tianjin, China.