[A case of mucinous carcinoma treated by local excision after long-term serial observations].

We report a case of a 45-year-old woman in whom an abnormality was identified by an examination when she was 42 years old. Breast ultrasonography revealed a cyst in the C area of the left breast. Ultrasonography performed 3 years later showed a mass lesion, 1 cm in diameter, in the C area of the left breast.

[Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase activity for breast cancer patients with recurrence 5 or more years after surgery].

We evaluated the significance of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase( IDO) in breast cancer patients with recurrence 5 or more years after surgery. IDO activity can be measured by the tryptophan (Trp)/kynurenine (Kyn) ratio. Trp and Kyn were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography( HPLC).

[Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase activity during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer].

We evaluated the significance of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) in breast cancer patients during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. IDO activity can be determined by the tryptophan( Trp)/kynurenine( Kyn) ratio. Trp and Kyn were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Dynamic changes in brewing yeast cells in culture revealed by statistical analyses of yeast morphological data.

The vitality of brewing yeasts has been used to monitor their physiological state during fermentation. To investigate the fermentation process, we used the image processing software, CalMorph, which generates morphological data on yeast mother cells and bud shape, nuclear shape and location, and actin distribution. We found that 248 parameters changed significantly during fermentation.

Separation of metalloproteins using a novel metal ion contaminant sweeping technique and detection of protein-bound copper by a metal ion probe in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: distribution of copper in human serum.

A polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)-based method has been developed, consisting of two types of gel electrophoresis, to obtain an accurate distribution of protein-bound metal ions in biological samples. First, proteins are separated by PAGE without the uptake of contaminant metal ions in the separation field and dissociation of metal ions from the proteins. This is followed by another PAGE for the separation and detection of protein-bound metal ions in small volume samples with high sensitivity in the ppt range using a fluorescent metal probe.

A defect of the abdominal wall with intestinal fistulas after the repair of incisional hernia using Composix Kugel Patch.

Introduction: In the present paper, we show a rare case of the large abdominal wall defect and enterocutaneous fistulas after the tension free repair using prostheses for incisional hernia.

Presentation Of Case: The patient, a 70-year-old man, had a history of a hemicolectomy for a perforating colon cancer, complicated by a large incisional hernia that was closed primarily but recurred. Three years later, the hernia was repaired at the time of a second colectomy using a Composix Kugel Patch.

Pure duplication of 19p13.3.

Chromosomal abnormalities involving 19p13.3 have rarely been described in the published literature. Here, we report on a girl with a pure terminal duplication of 6.

Neuroradiologic features in X-linked α-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome.

Background And Purpose: X-linked α-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome (Mendelian Inheritance in Man, 301040) is one of the X-linked intellectual disability syndromes caused by mutations of the ATRX gene and characterized by male predominance, central hypotonic facies, severe cognitive dysfunction, hemoglobin H disease (α-thalassemia), genital and skeletal abnormalities, and autistic and peculiar behavior. More than 200 patients in the world, including >70 Japanese patients, have been diagnosed with ATR-X syndrome.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the brain MRI and/or CT findings of 27 Japanese patients with ATR-X with ATRX mutations retrospectively.

Predicting early cancer-related deaths after curative esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Esophagectomy is the primary treatment for esophageal cancers, but a few patients still suffer from early recurrence and die within one year after surgery. The aim of this study was to identify preoperative predictive risk factors for early cancer-related deaths after curative esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The records of 200 consecutive patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy between 1990 and 2009 were retrospectively reviewed.

Expansion of functional human mucosal-associated invariant T cells via reprogramming to pluripotency and redifferentiation.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells play an important physiological role in host pathogen defense and may also be involved in inflammatory disorders and multiple sclerosis. The rarity and inefficient expansion of these cells have hampered detailed analysis and application. Here, we report an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based reprogramming approach for the expansion of functional MAIT cells.

The prognostic nutritional index predicts long-term outcomes of gastric cancer patients independent of tumor stage.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on the long-term outcomes in gastric cancer patients.

Methods: This study reviewed the medical records of 548 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy. The PNI was calculated as 10 × serum albumin (g/dl) + 0.

β4 Integrin signaling induces expansion of prostate tumor progenitors.

The contextual signals that regulate the expansion of prostate tumor progenitor cells are poorly defined. We found that a significant fraction of advanced human prostate cancers and castration-resistant metastases express high levels of the β4 integrin, which binds to laminin-5. Targeted deletion of the signaling domain of β4 inhibited prostate tumor growth and progression in response to loss of p53 and Rb function in a mouse model of prostate cancer (PB-TAg mice).

Epidermal structure created by canine hair follicle keratinocytes enriched with bulge cells in a three-dimensional skin equivalent model in vitro: implications for regenerative therapy of canine epidermis.

Background: Keratinocytes in the hair follicle bulge region have a high proliferative capacity, with characteristics of epithelial stem cells. This cell population might thus be an ideal source for generating the interfollicular epidermis in a canine skin equivalent.

Hypothesis/objectives: This study was designed to determine the ability of canine hair follicle bulge cell-enriched keratinocytes to construct canine living skin equivalents with interfollicular epidermis in vitro.

Follicular thyroid cancer in children and adolescents: clinicopathologic features, long-term survival, and risk factors for recurrence.

Children and adolescents represent 1-1.5% of all patients with thyroid cancer (TC). The vast majority of TC in children and adolescents is papillary TC; follicular TC (FTC) is exceedingly rare.

[Surgery for thyroid carcinoma in a patient on dialysis].

We report here our experience of surgery for thyroid carcinoma in a patient on dialysis. The patient was a 40-year-old woman. A thyroid gland mass was noted by cervical ultrasonography.

[Complete response of advanced breast cancer with lymph node metastases to nab-paclitaxel therapy-report of a case].

We report a case of breast cancer with lymph node metastases. A complete response was recognized in response to nab-paclitaxel as a first-line therapy after recurrence. The patient was a 50-year-old woman who had a tumor in her right breast.

[The problems of breast-conserving surgery for calcification undetected by ultrasonography].

The patient was a 58-year-old woman. Mammography showed grouped heterogeneous calcifications in the M area of the right breast. The area of the grouped heterogeneous calcifications was 1 cm in diameter.

[Lapatinib is useful for metastatic breast cancer patients who cannot be treated with trastuzumab-report of a case].

The patient was a 71-year-old woman. Mammography revealed an irregularly shaped mass in the U area of her left breast. Ultrasonography revealed an irregularly shaped mass in the C area of her breast.

[A case of bilateral multiple primary breast cancer].

A 55-year-old woman underwent segmental resection and sentinel lymph node biopsy for cancer in her left breast 2.5 years ago. The pathological findings indicated papillotubular carcinoma [estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), progesterone receptor-positive(PgR+), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2) score 0].

[A case of combined noninvasive ductal and lobular carcinoma].

We report a case of combined noninvasive ductal and lobular carcinoma. The patient was a 54-year-old woman with a breast tumor. The tumor was a palpable movable mass measuring 1 cm in diameter in the AC region of her breast.

[A case of breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and segmentectomy].

Here, we report the case of a 40-year-old woman who was discovered upon examination to have a lump in her left breast. Breast ultrasonography revealed a hypoechoic mass of size 2.5×2.

[Usefulness of endoscopic resection for phyllodes tumor of the breast].

We compared the surgical margins for phyllodes tumors of the breast required for endoscopic local excision and normal local excision. Over a 10-year period, we experienced 38 patients with phyllodes tumors of the breast who were treated by surgical operation. Thirty-three patients underwent local excision with a surgical margin of at least 1.

[A case of advanced breast carcinoma treated with topical S-1 plus letrozole].

The patient was a 75-year-old woman. Her chief complaint was edema in the right upper arm since December 2009. The right breast displayed a skin ulcer.

[Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase activity during chemotherapy or trastuzumab therapy in patients with breast cancer].

We evaluated the significance of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy or trastuzumab therapy. IDO activity can be measured by the tryptophan(Trp)/kynurenine(Kyn) ratio. Trp and Kyn were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).