Anomalous origin of the right vertebral artery from the right common carotid artery associated with an aberrant right subclavian artery.

Vertebral artery origin anomalies are typically incidental findings during angiography or post mortem examination. We present two cases of vertebral origin from the right common carotid artery in association with an aberrant right subclavian artery. We also review the embryonic development and the clinical significance of this anomaly.

Current differential diagnoses and treatment options of vascular occlusions presenting as bilateral thalamic infarcts: a review of the literature.

bilateral thalamic infarctions are rare and usually caused by vascular occlusions. When symptomatic, it is important to make a distinction between different vascular etiologies in order to provide an effective and timely therapeutic response. Clinical presentations may not adequately differentiate between the vascular etiologies alone.

Diagnosis of intracranial atherosclerosis.

Importance Of The Field: Intracranial atherosclerosis is quickly becoming the most common stroke mechanism worldwide. Accurate diagnosis is important in making treatment decisions.

Areas Covered In The Review: In this article the clinical and radiographic diagnosis of intracranial atherosclerosis is reviewed.