Fermented Palm Kernel Cake Improves the Rumen Microbiota and Metabolome of Beef Cattle.

In this study, we utilised palm kernel cake as a substrate and fermented it with a composite of bacteria ( CGMCC No. 27203 and CGMCC No. 27202) and enzymes.

Formic acid enhances whole-plant mulberry silage fermentation by boosting lactic acid production and inhibiting harmful bacteria.

Mulberry has also been regarded as a valuable source of forage for ruminants. This study was developed to investigate the impact of four additives and combinations thereof on fermentation quality and bacterial communities associated with whole-plant mulberry silage. Control fresh material (FM) was left untreated, while other groups were treated with glucose (G, 20 g/kg FM), a mixture of and (L, 10 CFU/g FM), formic acid (A, 5 mL/kg FM), salts including sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate (S, 1.

Investigation of oxygen packaging to maintain beef color stability and microbiology safety after periods of long-term superchilled storage.

This study aimed to develop an appropriate modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) system for displayed beef steaks following long-term superchilled (-1 °C) storage. After superchilled storage for 0, 2, 8, or 16 weeks, beef loins were fabricated into steaks and displayed with 20%, 50%, or 80% O-MAP under chilled conditions. At each storage point, after display for 0, 3, 7, or 10 days, instrumental color, myoglobin redox forms percentage, lipid oxidation, total viable count (TVC), and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) were evaluated.

Are two beneficial mutations (p.Q249R and 90-bp Indel) within the ovine gene associated with growth traits?

Background: The problem of achieving economic efficiency in sheep breeding can be largely solved by increasing sheep productivity. Recently, the gene has been revealed by GWAS as a potential candidate gene for sheep body morphometric traits. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms (p.

Bovine Gene Identified from : mRNA Profile Analysis and Genetic Variation Detection Using ME Method and Their Associations with Carcass Traits.

The () gene regulates limb skeletal development and muscle growth, thus, it was selected as a candidate gene for bovine carcass traits. In this study, we analyzed the mRNA expression level of in various tissues and cells, and determined the genetic variations in the gene, which might be used as molecular markers for cattle breeding. The mRNA expression profiles of in bovine different tissues showed that was highly expressed in both fat and muscle.

A 14-bp deletion in bovine gene is associated with carcass traits.

() gene is well-known for its function in plateau hypoxia adaptability. It encodes HIF-2α, which involved in the induction of genes regulated by oxygen and then affects multiple physiological processes such as angiogenesis and energy metabolism. All of these indicate it may affect the development of animals.

Detection of genetic variation in bovine gene and its associations with carcass traits.

The biological clock (also known as circadian clock) is closely related to growth and development, metabolism, and diseases in animals. As a part of the circadian clock, the cryptochrome circadian regulator 1 () gene is involved in the regulation of biological processes such as osteogenesis, energy metabolism and cell proliferation, however, few studies have been reported on the relationship between this gene and animal carcass traits. Herein, a total of four insertion/deletion (InDel) loci within the gene were detected in Shandong Black Cattle Genetic Resource (SDBCGR) population ( = 433).

Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups and Their Association with Bovine Antral Follicle Count.

Maternal origins based on the bovine mitochondrial D-loop region are proven to have two main origins: Bos taurus and Bos indicus. To examine the association between the maternal origins of bovine and reproductive traits, the complete mitochondrial D-loop region sequences from 501 Chinese Holstein cows and 94 individuals of other breeds were analyzed. Based on the results obtained from the haplotype analysis, 260 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism), 32 indels (insertion/deletion), and 219 haplotypes were identified.

Screening of Bovine Tissue-Specific Expressed Genes and Identification of Genetic Variation Within an Adipose Tissue-Specific lncRNA Gene.

Global classification of bovine genes is important for studies of biology and tissue-specific gene editing. Herein, we classified the tissue-specific expressed genes and uncovered an important variation in the promoter region of an adipose tissue-specific lncRNA gene. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the number of genes specifically expressed in the brain was the highest, while it was lowest in the adipose tissues.

Assessing Genomic Diversity and Selective Pressures in Bohai Black Cattle Using Whole-Genome Sequencing Data.

Bohai Black cattle are one of the well-known cattle breeds with black coat color in China, which are cultivated for beef. However, no study has conducted a comprehensive analysis of genomic diversity and selective pressures in Bohai Black cattle. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of genomic variation in 10 Bohai Black cattle (five newly sequenced and five published) and the published whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data of 50 cattle representing five "core" cattle populations.

Fertility-Associated Polymorphism within Bovine and Its Significant Correlations with Ovarian and Luteal Traits.

There is an urgent need to improve bovine fertility, and molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) can accelerate this process. Genome-wide association studies suggest that might affect fertility in bovines. As a member of the integrins family, ITGβ5 can bind to the extracellular matrix and mediate various cellular processes.

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of (Liliaceae).

is a perennial ornamental plant in the family Liliaceae, it is also a valuable medicinal plant. To enrich the genetic resources of , its chloroplast genome was determined by Illumina sequencing data. The chloroplast genome is a typical quadripartite structure with a size of 153,983 bp, of which the LSC region is 83,471 bp, the SSC region is 18,010 bp, and the pair of IR regions is 26,251 bp.

Treatment of Whole-Plant Corn Silage With Lactic Acid Bacteria and Organic Acid Enhances Quality by Elevating Acid Content, Reducing pH, and Inhibiting Undesirable Microorganisms.

We investigated the variation in microbial community and fermentation characteristics of whole-plant corn silage after treatment with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and organic acids. The fresh corn forages were treated with a combination of and (10 CFU/g fresh material) or a 7:1:2 ratio of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid (6 mL/g fresh material) followed by 45 or 90 days of ensiling. Silages treated with LAB showed increased lactic acid content and decreased pH after 45 days.

Detecting novel Indel variants within the gene and their associations with growth traits in Luxi Blackhead sheep.

The growth hormone is important in the regulation of metabolism and energy homeostasis and acts through a growth hormone receptor (GHR). In this work, genetic variations within the ovine gene were identified and tested for associations with body morphometric traits in Chinese Luxi Blackhead (LXBH) sheep. Novel deletion loci in the LXBH gene included P2-del-23 bp and P8-del-23 bp indel variants.

A novel 23 bp indel mutation in gene is associated with growth traits in Luxi Blackhead sheep.

Prolactin is a highly versatile pituitary hormone with multiple biological functions. expression is regulated by and the prophet of (). The aim of this study was to investigate the indel variations in ovine and the directly related ( and ) genes, and their associations with growth traits in Luxi Blackhead (LXBH) sheep.

Astragaloside IV Protects Against Oxidative Stress in Calf Small Intestine Epithelial Cells via NFE2L2-Antioxidant Response Element Signaling.

Oxidative stress can damage intestinal epithelial cell integrity and function, causing gastrointestinal disorders. Astragaloside IV (ASIV) exhibits a variety of biological and pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The purpose of this research was to investigate the cytoprotective action of ASIV and its mechanisms in calf small intestine epithelial cells with hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced oxidative stress.

Relationship between an indel mutation within the gene and growth traits in Chinese cattle.

Growth traits are mainly determined by genetic factors. SIRT4, a class II sirtuin, predominantly acts as an ADP-ribosyltransferase and inhibits fatty acid oxidation. In this study, a total of 1005 cattle belonging to five indigenous Chinese breeds were used to evaluate the relationship between the potential insertions/deletions (indels) within the SIRT4 gene and growth traits.

Target animal safety testing of an oral salicylanilide suspension, oxyclozanide, for the treatment of fascioliasis in bovine in China.

The aim of this study was to determine the potential toxicity risk of an oxyclozanide suspension to the target animal, bovine. In this experiment, 32 Simmental beef cattle were fattened and fed a full-price diet without antimicrobial agents. The test cattle were divided into 4 groups, which were treated with 0, 1, 3, and 5 times the recommended dosage through continuous intermittent oral administration at intervals of 2 days.

Resveratrol induces apoptosis and inhibits adipogenesis by stimulating the SIRT1-AMPKα-FOXO1 signalling pathway in bovine intramuscular adipocytes.

Sirtuin type 1 (SIRTl) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) play important roles in regulating energy metabolism, cell proliferation and differentiation, ageing, apoptosis, and metabolism. The effect of 100, 200, and 400 μm Resveratrol (RES), an activator of SIRT1, on apoptosis of bovine intramuscular adipocytes was investigated by nuclear staining, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. Results show that RES inhibited adipogenesis, decreased cell viability, and increased apoptotic rates in a dose-dependent way.

Fine mapping of a Phytophthora-resistance gene RpsWY in soybean (Glycine max L.) by high-throughput genome-wide sequencing.

Using a combination of phenotypic screening, genetic and statistical analyses, and high-throughput genome-wide sequencing, we have finely mapped a dominant Phytophthora resistance gene in soybean cultivar Wayao. Phytophthora root rot (PRR) caused by Phytophthora sojae is one of the most important soil-borne diseases in many soybean-production regions in the world. Identification of resistant gene(s) and incorporating them into elite varieties are an effective way for breeding to prevent soybean from being harmed by this disease.

Genetic Variants in SDC3 Gene are Significantly Associated with Growth Traits in Two Chinese Beef Cattle Breeds.

Identification of the genes and polymorphisms underlying quantitative traits, and understanding these genes and polymorphisms affect economic growth traits, are important for successful marker-assisted selection and more efficient management strategies in commercial cattle (Bos taurus) population. Syndecan-3 (SDC3), a member of the syndecan family of type I transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans is a novel regulator of feeding behavior and body weight. The aim of this study is to examine the association of the SDC3 polymorphism with growth traits in Chinese Jiaxian and Qinchuan cattle breeds ().

Effect of mevalonic acid on cholesterol synthesis in bovine intramuscular and subcutaneous adipocytes.

Mevalonic acid (MVA) is a key material in the synthesis of cholesterol; indeed, intracellular cholesterol synthesis is also called the mevalonic acid pathway. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) is an essential enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. This study suggests that MVA may play an important role in the differentiation of bovine adipose tissue in vivo.

Exploring genotype-phenotype relationships of the LHX3 gene on growth traits in beef cattle.

The LIM-homeobox gene 3 (LHX3) plays an essential role in pituitary gland and nervous system development. Sequence variants (SVs) in coding and non-coding regions of LHX3 gene have an impact on LHX3 transcription and growth traits in cattle. Previously, we have identified 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs: 1-3) in all exons and intron 2 regions of the LHX3 gene in cattle.