An Overview of Laser Metal Deposition for Cladding: Defect Formation Mechanisms, Defect Suppression Methods and Performance Improvements of Laser-Cladded Layers.

With the development of society and the economy, there is an increasing demand for surface treatment techniques that can efficiently utilize metal materials to obtain good performances in the fields of mechanical engineering and the aerospace industry. The laser metal deposition (LMD) technique for cladding has become a research focus in recent years because of its lower dilution rate, small heat-effect zone and good metallurgical bonding between the coating and substrate. This paper reviews the simulation technology for the melt pool's grain growth mechanism, temperature and stress distribution that are directly related to defect formation in LMD technology.