The Charactertistics and neural mechanisms of trait and state empathy in deaf individuals.

Empathy deficiencies are prevalent among deaf individuals. It has yet to be determined whether they exhibit deficiencies in both trait empathy and state empathy, along with the effect of top-down attention. Here, the current study employed the IRI-C scale and physiological pain empathy tasks (A-P task and A-N task) to explore the temporal dynamics of neural activities when deaf individuals were processing second-hand painful/non-painful stimuli.

Exploring Attention Bias Mechanisms in Sub-Threshold Depression: ERP Insights into Biased Orientation and Disengagement.

Individuals with depression may have alterations in attention that begin at the sub-threshold stage. This study explored attention bias from the perspectives of early attention orientation and late attention disengagement in individuals with sub-threshold depression (SD) and healthy control (HC) individuals using a cue-target paradigm and event-related potentials (ERPs). The study enrolled 46 participants, comprising 23 males and 23 females, with 25 individuals in the SD group and 21 in the HC group, exceeding the calculated sample size requirement.

Individuals with high autism traits show top-down attention bias towards threatening stimuli.

Individuals with autistic traits (AT) are widely distributed in the general population. Strengthening understanding of AT can provide a broader perspective for autism research as well as more accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plans for clinical practice. Previous studies on attention bias among high-AT individuals have yielded inconsistent results, which may relate to different stages of attention.

Group membership modulates empathic neural responses to pain in deaf individuals.

Empathy deficiencies are prevalent among deaf individuals. It has yet to be determined whether they exhibit an ingroup bias in empathic responses. This study employed explicit and implicit empathy tasks (i.

An ERP investigation of electrocortical responses in pain empathy from childhood through adolescence into adulthood.

Only a few studies investigated the neurodevelopment of pain empathy. Here, the temporal dynamics of electrocortical processes in pain empathy during individual neurodevelopment from childhood through adolescence into adulthood, along with the moderation effect of top-down attention, were investigated using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. To investigate the role of top-down attention in empathy development, both A-P task and A-N task were conducted.

Method of 3D Coating Accumulation Modeling Based on Inclined Spraying.

In the process of repairing the surface of products in aviation, aerospace, and other fields by spraying, accurate 3D cumulative-coating modeling is an important research issue in spraying-process simulation. The approach to this issue is a 3D cumulative-coating model based on inclined spraying. Firstly, an oblique spraying layer cumulative model was established, which could quickly collect the coating thickness distribution data of different spray distances.

Resting-state EEG Microstate Features Can Quantitatively Predict Autistic Traits in Typically Developing Individuals.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is not a discrete disorder and that symptoms of ASD (i.e., so-called "autistic traits") are found to varying degrees in the general population.

The Processing Mechanism of Repetitive Practice Affecting Time-Based Prospective Memory.

Time-based prospective memory (TBPM) refers to performing intended actions at a specific time in the future. The TBPM task is very common in daily life, and whether it can be successfully completed can affect our quality of life. Repeated behavior training can usually improve social cognitive performance, and this study focused on exploring whether TBPM performance could improve with repeated behavior training.

The difference of time-based prospective memory between Type A and Type B individuals under different time monitoring conditions.

Time-based prospective memory (TBPM) is affected by many factors, which include Type A and Type B personality types. Type A individuals have a strong desire to complete tasks and a strong sense of time-urgency to complete established tasks before the deadline. Type B individuals have fewer time constraints and usually procrastinate until the deadline to complete the task.

Evaluation of an Algorithm for the Segmentation of Lung Nodules in Computerized Tomography Images based on the Automatic Location of a Threshold.

Background: Early detection of pulmonary nodules is critical for the clinical diagnosis and management of pulmonary nodules. Computed tomography imaging is currently the best imaging method for detecting pulmonary nodules.

Objective: This study proposes and applies a new thresholding-based method for identifying pulmonary nodules in computed tomography images.

The neurophysiological mechanism of valence-space congruency effect: evidence from spatial Stroop task and event-related EEG features.

Metaphors commonly represent mental representations of abstract concepts. One example is the valence-space metaphor (i.e.

Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence for valence-space congruency effect of emotional pictures in a spatial Stroop task.

Previous studies have shown that people implicitly associate the emotional valence of abstract words with vertical position (i.e., positive words up, negative words down), resulting in the so-called valence-space congruency effect.

Automatic rape flower cluster counting method based on low-cost labelling and UAV-RGB images.

Background: The flowering period is a critical time for the growth of rape plants. Counting rape flower clusters can help farmers to predict the yield information of the corresponding rape fields. However, counting in-field is a time-consuming and labor-intensive task.

The processing mechanism of mixed prospective memory: Changes in internal and external attention.

While time-based prospective memory (TBPM) includes only time cues, mixed prospective memory (MPM) is a special form of prospective memory including both time and event cues. Depending on the classification of the clarity of time cues, MPM can be divided into time-period MPM and time-point MPM. While the time cue of the latter is a definite time point, the time cue of the former is a vague time period.

Negative inhibition is poor in sub-threshold depression individuals: Evidence from ERP and a Go/No-go task.

In this study, Go/No-go task combined with ERP technology were used to explore the characteristics of negative emotion inhibition in SD and healthy individuals and whether there are differences between negative emotion inhibition and neutral emotion inhibition in SD. The results showed that SD showed the same poor negative inhibition as depressive patients in behavior, but there was no significant difference between SD and CG in ERPs. Overall, compared with neutral emotional information, negative emotional information would reduce attention control in conflict processing, lead to faster conflict processing, attract attention, occupy more cognitive resources, and be more difficult to inhibit.

Analyzing the role of family support, coping strategies and social support in improving the mental health of students: Evidence from post COVID-19.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and the multifaceted response strategies to curb its spread both have devastating effects on mental and emotional health. Social distancing, and self-isolation have impacted the lives of students. These impacts need to be identified, studied, and handled to ensure the well-being of the individuals, particularly the students.

Scale-Free Dynamics in Instantaneous Alpha Frequency Fluctuations: Validation, Test-Retest Reliability and Its Relationship with Task Manipulations.

Previous studies showed that scale-free structures and long-range temporal correlations are ubiquitous in physiological signals (e.g., electroencephalography).

Citrus Huanglongbing correlated with incidence of carrying Liberibacter asiaticus and citrus phyllosphere microbiome.

In China, citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) disease is caused by the Liberibacter asiaticus bacterium, which is carried by the Asian citrus psyllid Kuwayama. It was hypothesized that the epidemic of the HLB may related with the rate of bacterium presence in the insect vector and bacterium content in plant tissues, as well as the phyllosphere microbe communities changes. This study systematically analyzed the presence or absence of L.

Characteristics inhibition defects of children with developmental dyscalculia: Evidence from the ERP.

Developmental dyscalculia (DD) is characterized by insufficient mathematical learning ability and weaker mathematical performance than peers who are developmentally typical. As a subtype of learning disability, developmental dyscalculia contributes to deep cognitive processing deficits, mainly manifested as a lack of numerical processing ability. This study utilized event-related potentials (ERPs) technology to examine the negative priming effects (NP) between children with and without DD.

Aberrant dynamic minimal spanning tree parameters within default mode network in patients with autism spectrum disorder.

The altered functional connectivity (FC) level and its temporal characteristics within certain cortical networks, such as the default mode network (DMN), could provide a possible explanatory framework for Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In the current study, we hypothesized that the topographical organization along with its temporal dynamics of the autistic brain measured by temporal mean and variance of complex network measures, respectively, were significantly altered, which may further explain the autistic symptom severity in patients with ASD. To validate these hypotheses, the precise FCs between DMN regions at each time point were calculated using the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) project.

Aberrant dynamic functional connectivity features within default mode network in patients with autism spectrum disorder: evidence from dynamical conditional correlation.

Unlabelled: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by aberrant functional connectivity (FC) within/between certain large-scale brain networks. Although relatively lower level of FC between default mode network (DMN) regions (i.e.

The Influencing Mechanism of Social and Cultural Adaptation for Chinese Migrant Children: A Longitudinal Intervention Study.

With the increasing urbanization in China, the mental health problems of migrant children have attracted widespread attention. From the perspective of social cognition, psychological capital, self-esteem, and other factors are closely related to the social and cultural adaptation of the group. In order to explore the relationship among the psychological capital, self-esteem and socio-cultural adaptations of migrant children, a total of 245 Chinese migrant children were investigated with the psychological capital scale, self-esteem scale, and socio-cultural adaptation scale.

The Processing Mechanisms of Two Types of Mixed Prospective Memory.

Mixed prospective memory (MPM) needs to be executed when both external time and event cues appear. According to the clarity of time cues, MPM can be further divided into two types: time-point MPM and time-period MPM. There is no research on these two types of MPM.

Effective external reminders impair the practice effect of time-based prospective memory.

The practice effect of time-based prospective memory (TBPM) refers to the phenomenon that TBPM task performance can be significantly improved by repetitive behavioural training. However, reminders are a common strategy for people to perform TBPM tasks in daily life. A large amount of evidence shows that reminders can improve TBPM performance when individuals pay less attention to time information.

Patients with Earlobe Crease May Associate with Lower Concentration of the Age-Suppressing Hormone Klotho.

Objective: Earlobe crease (ELC) has been considered as a skin sign of atherosclerosis, and its pathophysiological mechanism is still unclear. Our study aims to test the hypothesis that ELC patients with lower serum levels of the age-suppressing hormone Klotho, which is not only associated with premature aging but also with endothelial dysfunction, may be associated with atherosclerosis.

Methods: A total of 135 patients aged 40-68 years underwent coronary angiography.