Automated stenosis estimation of coronary angiographies using end-to-end learning.

The initial evaluation of stenosis during coronary angiography is typically performed by visual assessment. Visual assessment has limited accuracy compared to fractional flow reserve and quantitative coronary angiography, which are more time-consuming and costly. Applying deep learning might yield a faster and more accurate stenosis assessment.

Long-term prognostic impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist before ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) treatment reduces cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes. Yet, the impact of GLP-1RA treatment before ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) on long-term prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes remains unclear. In patients with STEMI and type 2 diabetes, we aimed to investigate the association between long-term prognosis and GLP-1RA treatment before STEMI.

Decades in the Making: The Evolution of Digital Health Research Infrastructure Through Synthetic Data, Common Data Models, and Federated Learning.

Traditionally, medical research is based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for interventions such as drugs and operative procedures. However, increasingly, there is a need for health research to evolve. RCTs are expensive to run, are generally formulated with a single research question in mind, and analyze a limited dataset for a restricted period.

Artificial intelligence after the bedside: co-design of AI-based clinical informatics workflows to routinely analyse patient-reported experience measures in hospitals.

Objective: To co-design artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical informatics workflows to routinely analyse patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) in hospitals.

Methods: The context was public hospitals (n=114) and health services (n=16) in a large state in Australia serving a population of ~5 million. We conducted a participatory action research study with multidisciplinary healthcare professionals, managers, data analysts, consumer representatives and industry professionals (n=16) across three phases: (1) defining the problem, (2) current workflow and co-designing a future workflow and (3) developing proof-of-concept AI-based workflows.

System-wide analysis of qualitative hospital incident data: Feasibility of semi-automated content analysis to uncover insights.

Background: Advances in technology have increased the ease of reporting hospital incidents, resulting in large amounts of qualitative descriptive data. Health services have little experience analysing these data at scale to incorporate into routine reporting.

Objective: We aimed to explore the feasibility of applying a semi-automated content analysis (SACA) tool (Leximancer™) to qualitative descriptions of system-wide hospital incidents to provide insights into safety issues at all health service levels.

Healthcare dashboard technologies and data visualization for lipid management: A scoping review.

Background: Lipid disorders significantly increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Effective lipid management is critical for improving health outcomes. Traditional screening methods face challenges due to data complexity and the need for timely decision-making.

Association of Lipoprotein(a) With Changes in Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients Treated With Alirocumab.

Background: Elevated Lp(a) (lipoprotein[a]) is a risk marker for atherosclerotic disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We examined the association of Lp(a) with changes in coronary atherosclerosis following intensive lipid-lowering therapy.

Methods: In the PACMAN-AMI trial (Effects of the PCSK9 Antibody Alirocumab on Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction), 300 patients with acute myocardial infarction were randomized to receive biweekly alirocumab 150 mg or placebo in addition to high-intensity statins.

Interleukin-6 receptor antibodies (tocilizumab) in acute myocardial infarction with intermediate to high risk of cardiogenic shock development (DOBERMANN-T): study protocol for a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single-center, randomized clinical trial.

Background: Inflammation and neurohormonal activation play a significant role in the adverse outcome seen in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the development of cardiogenic shock (CS), which is associated with a mortality rate up to 50%. Treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs such as tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 receptor antagonist, has been shown to reduce troponin release and reduce the myocardial infarct size in AMI patients and it may therefore have cardioprotective properties.

Methods: This is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center randomized clinical trial, including adult AMI patients without CS at hospital arrival, undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 24 h from symptom onset, and at intermediate to high risk of developing CS (ORBI risk score ≥ 10).

Microaxial Flow Pump Use and Renal Outcomes in Infarct-Related Cardiogenic Shock: A Secondary Analysis of the DanGer Shock Trial.

Background: In DanGer Shock (the Danish-German Cardiogenic Shock trial), use of a microaxial flow pump (mAFP) in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock led to lower all-cause mortality but higher rates of renal replacement therapy (RRT). In this prespecified analysis, rates and predictors of acute kidney injury (AKI) and RRT were assessed.

Methods: In this international, randomized, open-label, multicenter trial, 355 adult patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock were randomized to mAFP (n=179) or standard care alone (n=176).

Lesion-Level Effects of LDL-C-Lowering Therapy in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Post Hoc Analysis of the PACMAN-AMI Trial.

Importance: Previous studies investigated atherosclerotic changes induced by lipid-lowering therapy in extensive coronary segments irrespective of baseline disease burden (a vessel-level approach).

Objective: To investigate the effects of lipid-lowering therapy on coronary lesions with advanced atherosclerotic plaque features and presumably higher risk for future events.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The PACMAN-AMI randomized clinical trial (enrollment: May 2017 to October 2020; final follow-up: October 2021) randomized patients with acute myocardial infarction to receive alirocumab or placebo in addition to high-intensity statin therapy.

Prehospital Pulse-Dose Glucocorticoid in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The PULSE-MI Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), acute inflammation is related to the extent of myocardial damage and may increase infarct size. Thus, administration of pulse-dose glucocorticoid in the very early phase of infarction may reduce infarct size.

Objective: To determine the cardioprotective effect of prehospital pulse-dose glucocorticoid in patients with STEMI.

What is measured matters: A scoping review of analysis methods used for qualitative patient reported experience measure data.

Introduction: Hospitals are increasingly turning to patients for valuable feedback regarding their care experience. A common method to collect this information is patient reported experience measures (PREMs) surveys. Health care workers report qualitative PREMs as more interesting, relevant, and informative than quantitative survey responses.

Sexualized drug use and chemsex: A bibliometric and content analysis of published literature.

Sexualized drug use (SDU) describes drug-facilitated sexual enhancement, and chemsex is an SDU subculture involving the use of specific drugs by men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to identify research trends, foci, and themes within the SDU and chemsex-specific literature. The Web of Science Core Collection was searched with a list of SDU synonyms.