Symptomatic osteonecrosis in children treated for Hodgkin lymphoma: A population-based study in Sweden, Finland, and Denmark.

Background: Osteonecrosis (ON) is a potentially disabling skeletal complication of cancer treatment. Although symptomatic osteonecrosis (sON) is well-known in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with an incidence around 6%, studies on sON in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of sON in children treated for HL.

High sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation index is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia following assisted reproduction treatment.

Objective: To study the association between sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation index (DFI) and the odds of preeclampsia and other adverse perinatal outcomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment.

Design: A prospective cohort study including infertile couples undergoing conventional IVF or ICSI treatment and their children. Data regarding preeclampsia and perinatal outcomes were derived from the Swedish National Birth Register.

Exploring the relationship between frequent cannabis use, belief updating under uncertainty and psychotic-like symptoms.

Background: Cannabis users present an important group for investigating putative mechanisms underlying psychosis, as cannabis-use is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. Recent work suggests that alterations in belief-updating under uncertainty underlie psychosis. We therefore compared belief updating under uncertainty between cannabis and non-cannabis users.

Radiological follow-up of osteonecrosis lesions in children and adolescents with Hodgkin lymphoma.

Osteonecrosis (ON) is a common complication of glucocorticoid-based Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treatment, but the natural evolution and prognosis of ON lesions remain poorly understood. We describe the radiological evolution of ON lesions identified in a Nordic population-based cohort of paediatric HL patients. Magnetic resonance images of suspected ON lesions were centrally reviewed to confirm ON diagnosis and grade the ON lesions according to the Niinimäki classification.

Progesterone and 17-hydroxy-progesterone concentrations in follicular fluid and serum reflect their production in granulosa and theca cells.

Research Question: How is the production of progesterone (P) and 17-hydroxy-P (17-OH-P) regulated between theca cells and granulosa cells during the follicular phase, during ovulation and after transformation into a corpus luteum?

Design: Three cohorts were examined: (i) 31 women undergoing natural and stimulated cycles, with serum hormone measurements taken every 3 days; (ii) 50 women undergoing ovarian stimulation, with hormone concentrations in serum and follicular fluid assessed at five time points during final follicle maturation; and (iii) 12 women undergoing fertility preservation, with hormone concentrations evaluated via the follicular fluid of small antral follicles.

Results: In the early follicular phase, theca cells primarily synthesized 17-OH-P while granulosa cells produced limited P, maintaining the P:17-OH-P ratio <1. As follicles reached follicle selection at a diameter of approximately 10 mm, P synthesis in granulosa cells was up-regulated, but P was mainly accumulated in follicular fluid.

Procedural efficiency is enhanced combining the pentaspline pulsed field ablation catheter with three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping system for pulmonary vein isolation.

Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) offers a safe, non-thermal alternative for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Currently, the pentaspline PFA-system relies heavily on fluoroscopy for catheter manipulation, which poses challenges due to the complexity of left atrium anatomy. Incorporating three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping (3D-EAM) could improve procedural efficiency reducing dependency on fluoroscopy guidance.

Progesterone concentrations on blastocyst transfer day in modified natural cycle frozen embryo transfer cycles.

Research Question: Are serum progesterone concentrations on the day of modified natural cycle (mNC) frozen blastocyst transfer (FET) without luteal phase support (LPS) associated with clinical pregnancy rate (CPR)?

Design: Data were collected between January 2019 and October 2022 as a sub-study of an ongoing randomized controlled trial assessing pregnancy outcomes in mNC-FET. The sub-study included all women (n = 209) randomized to mNC-FET without LPS at the time of data extraction. Participants were aged 18-41 years, had regular menstrual cycles and underwent mNC-FET treatment with single-blastocyst transfer.

Analysis of laboratory data transmission between two healthcare institutions using a widely used point-to-point health information exchange platform: a case report.

Objective: The objective was to identify information loss that could affect clinical care in laboratory data transmission between 2 health care institutions via a Health Information Exchange platform.

Materials And Methods: Data transmission results of 9 laboratory tests, including LOINC codes, were compared in the following: between sending and receiving electronic health record (EHR) systems, the individual Health Level Seven International (HL7) Version 2 messages across the instrument, laboratory information system, and sending EHR.

Results: Loss of information for similar tests indicated the following potential patient safety issues: (1) consistently missing specimen source; (2) lack of reporting of analytical technique or instrument platform; (3) inconsistent units and reference ranges; (4) discordant LOINC code use; and (5) increased complexity with multiple HL7 versions.

Intestinal expression profiles and hepatic expression of LEAP2, ghrelin and their common receptor, GHSR, in humans.

Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) and ghrelin have reciprocal effects on their common receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Ghrelin is considered a gastric hormone and LEAP2 a liver-derived hormone and both have been proposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated the mRNA expression of LEAP2, ghrelin and GHSR along the intestinal tract of individuals with and without TD2, and in the liver of men with and without obesity.

The prevalence of late-follicular phase progesterone elevation and impact on the ongoing pregnancy rate after fresh and frozen blastocyst transfer. Sub-study of an RCT.

The effect of late-follicular phase progesterone elevation (LFPE) during ovarian stimulation on reproductive outcomes in ART treatment remains controversial, but recent studies indicate lower pregnancy rates with rising progesterone levels. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of late-follicular phase progesterone elevation (LFPE) and possible impact on ongoing pregnancy rate after fresh or frozen blastocyst transfer in a sub-study setting of a randomised controlled trial. A total of 288 women were included (n=137 and n=151 in the fresh transfer and freeze-all group, respectively).

Dynamics of IGF Signaling During the Ovulatory Peak in Women Undergoing Ovarian Stimulation.

Context: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is known to affect human ovarian follicular function during growth and development. However, the role of the IGF system is unknown during the ovulatory peak, which is characterized by profound changes in granulosa cell (GCs) mitosis and function.

Objective: How is the IGF system expressed and regulated during the midcycle surge in women?

Methods: Follicular fluid (FF) and GCs were collected during the ovulatory peak from 2 specific time points.

The intrafollicular concentrations of biologically active cortisol in women rise abruptly shortly before ovulation and follicular rupture.

Study Question: What is the temporal activity and the concentration in follicular fluid (FF) of the anti-inflammatory steroid cortisol during the ovulatory process in humans?

Summary Answer: Intrafollicular concentrations of cortisol become massively upregulated close to ovulation concomitant with an exceptionally high biological activity securing a timely and efficient termination of inflammatory processes.

What Is Known Already: Ovulation has been described as a local, controlled inflammatory process resulting in the degeneration of the follicle wall which facilitate oocyte extrusion. Ovulation also affects the glucocorticoid metabolism of granulosa cells (GCs) and although de novo synthesis of cortisol only occurs in the adrenal cortex, the mid-cycle surge has been shown to induce a change from high expression of HSD11B2, inactivating cortisol to cortisone, to high expression of HSD11B1 which reversibly catalyses cortisol production from cortisone.

[Pulsed Field Ablation shows promise - Experiences from the first 100 patients in Sweden].

Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) of symptomatic atrial fibrillation is an effective method of maintaining sinus rhythm. Radiofrequency ablation and cryotechnology have been used for this purpose for many years. One disadvantage of these methods is the risk of serious complications such as pulmonary vein stenosis, phrenic nerve palsy and atrio-oesophageal fistula.

Pre-Vitrification and Post-Warming Variables of Vitrified-Warmed Blastocysts That Are Predictable for Implantation.

Human IVF embryos that are not used for fresh transfer are cryopreserved by vitrification for later embryo transfers. This study evaluates pre-vitrification and post-warming embryo characteristics that are suitable to predict the chance of clinical pregnancy in single vitrified blastocyst transfer (SVBT) cycles. In a multicenter observational trial (IMBOS trial), embryos were cultured in a time-lapse system before and after vitrification.

Cannabidiol does not attenuate acute delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced attentional bias in healthy volunteers: A randomised, double-blind, cross-over study.

Aims: To test how attentional bias and explicit liking are influenced by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and whether these effects are moderated by cannabidiol (CBD).

Design: Double-blind, randomised, within-subjects cross-over study.

Setting: NIHR Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility at King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Psychosocial wellbeing shortly after allocation to a freeze-all strategy compared with a fresh transfer strategy in women and men: a sub-study of a randomized controlled trial.

Study Question: Is the psychosocial wellbeing affected in women and men shortly after allocation to a freeze-all strategy with postponement of embryo transfer compared to a fresh transfer strategy?

Summary Answer: In general, psychosocial wellbeing (i.e. emotional reactions to the treatment, quality-of-life, infertility-related stress, and marital benefit) was similar in women and men allocated to a freeze-all versus those allocated to a fresh-transfer strategy 6 days after disclosure of treatment strategy (i.

Impact of letrozole co-treatment during ovarian stimulation on oocyte yield, embryo development, and live birth rate in women with normal ovarian reserve: secondary outcomes from the RIOT trial.

Study Question: Does letrozole (LZ) co-treatment during ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins for in IVF impact follicle recruitment, oocyte number and quality, embryo quality, or live birth rate (LBR)?

Summary Answer: No impact of LZ was found in follicle recruitment, number of oocytes, quality of embryos, or LBR.

What Is Known Already: Multi-follicle stimulation for IVF produces supra-physiological oestradiol levels. LZ is an aromatase inhibitor that lowers serum oestradiol thus reducing negative feedback and increasing the endogenous gonadotropins in both the follicular and the luteal phases, effectively normalizing the endocrine milieu during IVF treatment.

Association between catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and mortality or stroke.

Objective: Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation effectively reduces symptomatic burden. However, its long-term effect on mortality and stroke is unclear. We investigated if patients with atrial fibrillation who undergo catheter ablation have lower risk for all-cause mortality or stroke than patients who are managed medically.

Does luteal phase progesterone supplementation affect physical and psychosocial well-being among women undergoing modified natural cycle-FET? A sub-study of a randomized controlled trial.

Study Question: Are there any differences in physical and psychosocial well-being among women undergoing modified natural cycle frozen embryo transfer (mNC-FET) with or without vaginal progesterone as luteal phase support (LPS)?

Summary Answer: Women undergoing mNC-FET with vaginal progesterone supplementation were more likely to experience physical discomfort but there was no difference in psychosocial well-being between the two groups.

What Is Known Already: mNC-FET can be carried out with or without vaginal progesterone as LPS, which has several side-effects. It is commonly known that fertility treatment can cause stress and psychosocial strain, however, most studies on this subject are conducted in fresh cycle regimes, which differ from NC-FET and results may not be comparable.

Circulating miRNAs in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often change their metabolic profile over time to decrease levels of androgens while often gaining a propensity for the development of the metabolic syndrome. Recent discoveries indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in the development of PCOS and constitute potential biomarkers for PCOS. We aimed to identify miRNAs associated with the development of an impaired metabolic profile in women with PCOS, in a follow-up study, compared with women without PCOS.

Co-use of cannabis and alcohol before and after Canada legalized nonmedical cannabis: A repeat cross-sectional study.

Background: This study examined changes in population-level co-use of cannabis and alcohol before and 12 months after nonmedical cannabis legalization in Canada, relative to the United States that had previously legalized and not legalized (US legal and illegal states, respectively).

Methods: Data are from waves 1 and 2 of the International Cannabis Policy Study, collected in 2018 (before) and 2019 (12 months after legalization in Canada). Respondents aged 16-65 years from Canada ( = 25,313) and US legal ( = 25,189) and US illegal ( = 19,626) states completed an online survey.

Regulation of human oocyte maturation in vivo during the final maturation of follicles.

Study Question: Which substances and signal transduction pathways are potentially active downstream to the effect of FSH and LH in the regulation of human oocyte maturation in vivo?

Summary Answer: The regulation of human oocyte maturation appears to be a multifactorial process in which several different signal transduction pathways are active.

What Is Known Already: Many studies in animal species have provided insight into the mechanisms that govern the final maturation of oocytes. Currently, these studies have identified several different mechanisms downstream to the effects of FSH and LH.

The acute effects of cannabis with and without cannabidiol in adults and adolescents: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover experiment.

Background And Aims: Long-term harms of cannabis may be exacerbated in adolescence, but little is known about the acute effects of cannabis in adolescents. We aimed to (i) compare the acute effects of cannabis in adolescent and adult cannabis users and (ii) determine if cannabidiol (CBD) acutely modulates the effects of delta-9-tetrahydocannabinol (THC).

Design: Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover experiment.