Rapid Synthesis of the Spiroketal Subunit of Neaumycin B: Stereochemical Aspects of Singly Anomeric Spiroketals and Proposal for a Stereocenter Reassignment.

Neaumycin B is a complex polyketide that shows phenomenal cytotoxicity against U87 glioblastoma cells. The singly anomeric spiroketal core is a notable subunit in the natural product's structure. We report a rapid and convergent approach to the spiroketal group, resulting in the formation of two isomeric singly anomeric spiroketals.

Long-term clinical recovery and treatment resistance in first-episode psychosis: a 10-year follow-up study.

Illness trajectories in people with first-episode psychosis (FEP) vary significantly over time. Identifying early-course parameters predicting outcomes is essential, but long-term data still needs to be provided. We conducted a 10-year follow-up study of a comprehensive first-episode psychosis (FEP) cohort investigating the prevalence of clinical recovery (CR) and treatment resistance (TR) after ten years, as well as clinical, demographic, and pre-illness predictors of long-term outcomes.

Behind the heterogeneity in the long-term course of first-episode psychosis: Different psychotic symptom trajectories are associated with different patterns of cannabis and stimulant use.

Background: Data-driven classification of long-term psychotic symptom trajectories and identification of associated risk factors could assist treatment planning and improve long-term outcomes in psychosis. However, few studies have used this approach, and knowledge about underlying mechanisms is limited. Here, we identify long-term psychotic symptom trajectories and investigate the role of illness-concurrent cannabis and stimulant use.

Utility of Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention for Acute Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in revision arthroplasty presents as a challenging complication that is difficult to manage. Debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) is a recognized treatment option, although few studies have investigated success rates in addition to eventual amputation rates for failed cases.

Methods: A retrospective review of 365 DAIR cases was performed at a single institution from 2008-2020.

A good life with psychosis: rate of positive outcomes in first-episode psychosis at 10-year follow-up.

Background: More knowledge about positive outcomes for people with first-episode psychosis (FEP) is needed. An FEP 10-year follow-up study investigated the rate of personal recovery, emotional wellbeing, and clinical recovery in the total sample and between psychotic bipolar spectrum disorders (BD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SZ); and how these positive outcomes overlap.

Methods: FEP participants ( = 128) were re-assessed with structured clinical interviews at 10-year follow-up.

Servant Leadership in the Healthcare Literature: A Systematic Review.

Servant leadership has received a growing consideration among scholars and practitioners as a viable leadership model capable of bringing positive changes in the increasingly complex healthcare system. The increasing servant leadership literature in healthcare requires an integrated research work that provides a holistic picture of the existing studies. This systematic review aims to synthesize servant leadership conceptualizations, theoretical frameworks, measurement tools, and nomological networks (antecedents, mediators, outcomes, and moderators) associated with prior research in healthcare.

Long-term course of cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder: A ten-year follow-up study.

Introduction: Cognitive impairments are common in bipolar disorder (BD), but the long-term course remains understudied. Longitudinal data on cognitive functioning from the start of the first treatment could help clarify pathophysiological processes that shape the illness outcome. We here aim to investigate the 10-year cognitive course in BD compared to healthy controls (HC) and the effects of clinical symptoms on cognitive trajectories.

Long-term Outcomes of People With DSM Psychotic Disorder NOS.

Introduction: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV diagnostic category "Psychotic disorder not otherwise specified" (PNOS) is seldom investigated, and we lack knowledge about long-term outcomes. We examined long-term symptom severity, global functioning, remission/recovery rates, and diagnostic stability after the first treatment for PNOS.

Methods: Participants with first-treatment PNOS ( = 32) were reassessed with structured interviews after 7 to 10 years.

The trajectory of two negative symptom dimensions in first-episode psychosis and the role of cannabis use: A 10-year follow-up study.

Objective: To investigate the trajectories of diminished expression and apathy over 10 years. Further, to explore the effects of baseline- and persistent cannabis use on the development of diminished expression and apathy during follow-up, while controlling other potential sources and predictors of secondary negative symptoms.

Methods: 351 participants with a first episode of non-affective psychosis were examined at baseline and invited to follow-up at one year and 10 years.

Perceived Covid-19-crisis intensity and family supportive organizational perceptions as antecedents of parental burnout: A study conducted in Italy in March/April 2021 and 2022.

The purpose of this study is to investigate to what extent perceived Covid-19-crisis intensity (PCCI) leads to the experience of parental burnout (PB), a syndrome characterized by exhaustion, emotional detachment from one's own children and a sense of inefficacy in the role as parent. Furthermore, the mediating role of work-family conflict (WFC) is examined. The buffering effect of family supportive organizational perceptions during the pandemic (FSOP-p) on the relationship between work-family conflict and parental burnout is also explored.

Domain-specific cognitive course in schizophrenia: Group- and individual-level changes over 10 years.

Cognitive impairments in schizophrenia are well-documented, present across several cognitive domains and found to be relatively stable over time. However, there is a high degree of heterogeneity and indications of domain-specific developmental courses. The present study investigated the 10-year cognitive course in participants with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and healthy controls on eight cognitive domains and a composite score, looking at group- and individual-level changes.

The Time is Ripe for a Consensus Definition of Clinical Recovery in First-episode Psychosis: Suggestions Based on a 10-Year Follow-up Study.

Objectives: A consensus definition of clinical recovery in first-episode psychosis (FEP) is required to improve knowledge about recovery rates in this population. To propose criteria for a future consensus definition, this study aims to investigate rates of clinical recovery when using a standard definition (full psychotic symptom remission and adequate functioning for minimum one year) across both affective and nonaffective FEP groups (bipolar spectrum and schizophrenia spectrum disorders). Second, we aim to explore changes in rates when altering the standard definition criteria.

Cognitive and Global Functioning in Patients With First-Episode Psychosis Stratified by Level of Negative Symptoms. A 10-Year Follow-Up Study.

Negative and cognitive symptoms are core features of schizophrenia that are correlated in cross-sectional designs. To further explore the relationship between these critical symptom dimensions we use a method for stratifying participants based on level and persistence of negative symptoms from absent to sustained levels over a 10-year follow-up period. We investigate associations with cognitive performance and level of global functioning.

Course of intellectual functioning in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a 10-year follow-up study.

Background: Intellectual functioning (IQ) is lower in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls, with bipolar patients intermediate between the two. Declines in IQ mark the onset of schizophrenia, while stability is generally found post-onset. There are to date few studies on long-term IQ development in bipolar disorder.

(Mitigating) the self-fulfillment of gender stereotypes in teams: The interplay of competence attributions, behavioral dominance, individual performance, and diversity beliefs.

We challenge the social categorization perspective in the team diversity literature by arguing that stereotypes and not favoritism for members of the same social category govern processes and dynamics in gender-diverse teams. We posit that team members' gender and task stereotypes generate competence attributions that shape individual team members' dominance behavior and performance in a self-fulfilling way: Team members who are attributed more competence behave more dominantly and outperform those who are attributed less competence. We further argue that pro-diversity beliefs may prevent this self-fulfilling tendency of stereotypes by inhibiting individuals' stereotype-confirming behavior.

Solvent Effects and Mechanistic Studies for ReO-Catalyzed Allylative Annulation Reactions.

The sequence of allylic alcohol transposition, carbonyl group trapping, oxocarbenium ion formation, and nucleophilic addition results in the formation of a ring while serving as a fragment-coupling and stereocenter-generating reaction. Successful applications of these processes require a balancing of the kinetics of numerous productive and unproductive steps. This work describes the manner in which solvent changes can be used to expand the scope and change the stereochemical outcomes of these processes.

Divergent relationship between brain structure and cognitive functioning in patients with prominent negative symptomatology.

Investigating commonalities in underlying pathology of cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms in schizophrenia is important, as both are core features of the disorder and linked to brain structure abnormalities. We aimed to explore the relationship between cognition, negative symptoms and brain structure in schizophrenia. A total of 225 patients with Schizophrenia spectrum disorder and 283 healthy controls from the Norwegian Thematically Organized Psychosis (TOP) cohort were included in this study.

Polygenic scores for schizophrenia and general cognitive ability: associations with six cognitive domains, premorbid intelligence, and cognitive composite score in individuals with a psychotic disorder and in healthy controls.

Cognitive impairments are considered core features in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Cognitive impairments are, to a lesser degree, also documented in healthy first-degree relatives. Although recent studies have shown (negative) genetic correlations between schizophrenia and general cognitive ability, the association between polygenic risk for schizophrenia and individual cognitive phenotypes remains unclear.

Trajectory and early predictors of apathy development in first-episode psychosis and healthy controls: a 10-year follow-up study.

Apathy is prevalent in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and associated with reduced global functioning. Investigations of the trajectory of apathy and its early predictors are needed to develop new treatment interventions. We here measured the levels of apathy over the first 10 years of treatment in FEP and in healthy controls (HC).

Cognitive functioning in patients with first-episode psychosis stratified by level of negative symptoms: A 1-year follow-up study.

We investigate negative symptoms over a 1-year follow-up period with the objective to see how groups defined according to level of symptom severity are related to cognition. Eighty-seven participants with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and matched healthy controls were assessed at baseline and follow-up. FEP participants were sub-grouped based on negative symptom items from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-R) with either no, mild, transitory or sustained symptoms over one year.

The Flywheel Effect of Gender Role Expectations in Diverse Work Groups.

Popular press suggests that gender diversity benefits the performance of work groups. However, decades of research indicate that such performance benefits of gender diversity are anything but a given. To account for this incongruity, in this conceptual paper we argue that the performance of gender-diverse work groups is often inhibited by self-reinforcing gender role expectations.