Improvement of Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Analysis with Implementation of Clot Catchers.

Background: Umbilical cord blood gas testing is a key component of objective pre- and perinatal evaluation of fetal acid base status to determine presence of intrapartum asphyxia and risk of neonatal encephalopathy. Heparinized cord blood is more likely to form small clots than other blood sources, which can interfere with, or preclude, sample analysis. Cord blood samples are irreplaceable and cannot be recollected, thereby compromising clinical decision-making when analysis is not possible.

Is There a Correlation Between Comprehensive Basic Science Examination and United States Medical Licensure Examination Step 1 Performance Among Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Residents?

Purpose: Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) applicant Comprehensive Basic Science Examination (CBSE) scores are scrutinized by residency programs and medical schools because of their perceived predictive value for United States Medical Licensure Examination (USMLE) Step 1 performance. The purpose of this study was to answer the following question: Is there a correlation between the OMS applicant's CBSE score and his or her later USMLE Step 1 score?

Materials And Methods: We e-mailed all current 45 dual-degree OMS residency programs to request participation in the study. Participating programs submitted residents' CBSE scores and USMLE Step 1 scores.

Data-driven method to enhance craniofacial and oral phenotype vocabularies.

Background: A significant amount of clinical information captured as free-text narratives could be better used for several applications, such as clinical decision support, ontology development, evidence-based practice, and research. The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) is specifically used for semantic comparisons for diagnostic purposes. All these functions require quality coverage of the domain of interest.

The Effect of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Curriculum on United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 Performance.

Purpose: Over the years, a few types of combined oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS)-MD residency curricula have evolved that differ in how the MD is integrated. The purpose of this study was to look for a difference in United States Medical Licensure Examination (USMLE) Step 1 pass rates among these different curricula.

Materials And Methods: An anonymous electronic survey was e-mailed to the directors of all 46 United States-based OMS-MD-integrated programs, querying OMS curriculum type and USMLE Step 1 results over the years 2007-2017.

The Monarch Initiative: an integrative data and analytic platform connecting phenotypes to genotypes across species.

The correlation of phenotypic outcomes with genetic variation and environmental factors is a core pursuit in biology and biomedicine. Numerous challenges impede our progress: patient phenotypes may not match known diseases, candidate variants may be in genes that have not been characterized, model organisms may not recapitulate human or veterinary diseases, filling evolutionary gaps is difficult, and many resources must be queried to find potentially significant genotype-phenotype associations. Non-human organisms have proven instrumental in revealing biological mechanisms.

The Human Phenotype Ontology in 2017.

Deep phenotyping has been defined as the precise and comprehensive analysis of phenotypic abnormalities in which the individual components of the phenotype are observed and described. The three components of the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO; www.human-phenotype-ontology.

Navigating the Phenotype Frontier: The Monarch Initiative.

The principles of genetics apply across the entire tree of life. At the cellular level we share biological mechanisms with species from which we diverged millions, even billions of years ago. We can exploit this common ancestry to learn about health and disease, by analyzing DNA and protein sequences, but also through the observable outcomes of genetic differences, i.

Routine Screening Radiography for Retained Wire Following Arch Bar Removal Is Not Indicated.

Purpose: To estimate the screening test value of routine radiography after arch bar wire removal by assessing the incidence of retained wires and the importance of their sequelae.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective medical record review. Records of arch bar removal procedures were examined and divided into those screened with radiography after removal (screen group) and those that were not screened (comparison group).

Prevalence of loss of all teeth (edentulism) and associated factors in older adults in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa.

Little information exists about the loss of all one's teeth (edentulism) among older adults in low- and middle-income countries. This study examines the prevalence of edentulism and associated factors among older adults in a cross-sectional study across six such countries. Data from the World Health Organization (WHO's) Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 1 was used for this study with adults aged 50-plus from China (N = 13,367), Ghana (N = 4724), India (N = 7150), Mexico (N = 2315), Russian Federation (N = 3938) and South Africa (N = 3840).

Medial canthopexy using transcaruncular barb and miniplate: technique and cadaver study.

Traditional medial canthopexy techniques require transnasal access, periorbital skin incision, and/or direct canthal suturing, often yielding unpredictable outcomes. The transcaruncular canthal barb and miniplate technique is a simplified method of canthopexy that avoids these manoeuvres. 10 transcaruncular medial canthopexies were performed on cadavers with simulated naso-orbito-ethmoid (NOE) injury.

Deidentification of facial images using composites.

Purpose: Maxillofacial surgeons rely on photography for education and documentation. Photographs of the face, unlike those of other body regions, are readily identifiable. Traditional methods of facial image deidentification decrease educational quality or fail to adequately conceal identity.

Standardizing Clinical Document Names Using the HL7/LOINC Document Ontology and LOINC Codes.

The standardization of clinical document names is an essential first step towards the optimal use, management, and exchange of documents within and across institutions. The HL7/LOINC Document Ontology (DO) is an existing and evolving document standard developed to provide consistent naming of clinical documents and to guide the creation of LOINC codes for clinical notes. The goal of this study was to explore the feasibility and challenges of mapping local clinical document names from two institutions into the five axes of the DO and then to leverage this mapping for identifying specific LOINC codes.

Embrasure wires for intraoperative maxillomandibular fixation are rapid and effective.

Purpose: The management of some mandible fractures requires maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) intraoperatively but not postoperatively. Intraoperative MMF with arch bars has significant disadvantages, including duration of application and risk of disease transmission. Some surgeons have sought to minimize these disadvantages, improve efficiency, and decrease cost by omitting formal MMF altogether and manually stabilizing the occlusion.

Anterior iliac crest, posterior iliac crest, and proximal tibia donor sites: a comparison of cancellous bone volumes in fresh cadavers.

Purpose: The anterior iliac crest, posterior iliac crest, and proximal tibia are common cancellous donor sites used for autogenous bone grafting. Donor site selection is partly dependent on the expected volume of available bone, but reports of cancellous bone volumes at each of these sites are variable. The goal of this study was to compare the volumes of cancellous bone harvested from donor sites within the same cadaver.

Interference in clinical chemistry assays by the hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, Hemospan.

Objective: To evaluate interference by the hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier Hemospan on clinical laboratory assays.

Design And Methods: Interfering Hemospan concentrations were determined for general chemistry and cardiac marker analytes in pooled serum and the corresponding hemolysis index was calculated.

Results: Hemospan did not interfere with 20 of 35 analytes.

The use of immediate bone grafting in reconstruction of clinically infected mandibular fractures: bone grafts in the presence of pus.

Purpose: Current approaches to the treatment of infected mandibular fractures include antibiotics, drainage, immobilization of the segments, and debridement followed by secondary bone grafting of residual defects once the infection is resolved and the wound healed. Over the past 30 years, the time from debridement to grafting has diminished from several months to a few weeks. We present our experience with a treatment model managing clinically infected fractures of the mandible with antibiotics, debridement, rigid internal fixation, and immediate autogenous bone grafting.

Vaccination and consumer perception of seafood quality.

Unlike other segments of international food production, finfish aquaculture has so far not been associated with major food scandals. However, because of increased focus on food safety, the seafood industry and associated businesses have to respond to and document all aspects related to their products and processes. Consumers have a right to know, and need knowledge and information to be able to make qualified choices.

Invited review: small versus large plate fixation of mandibular fractures.

Background And Objectives: Since the introduction of antibiotics in the late 1940s, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) gradually replaced various dental splints and devices as a means of providing additional reduction and fixation of mandibular fractures. Stainless steel wire has been recently replaced by plate-and-screw fixation. When properly utilized, this method provides convalescent function without maxillomandibular fixation (MMF).

Multiple site analytical evaluation of a portable blood gas/electrolyte analyzer for point of care testing.

Objective: To evaluate the analytical performance of the SenDx 100 portable blood gas and electrolyte analyzer (SenDx Medical, Carlsbad, CA).

Design: Accuracy was evaluated by correlation of whole blood patient samples with the Nova Stat Profile 5 (Nova Biomedical, Waltham, MA) and the Ciba Corning 865 (Chiron Diagnostics, Medford, MA). Precision was evaluated using quality control materials (RNA Medical, Acton, MA).