Momentary Associations Across Specific Affective States and Dysregulated Eating Experiences Among Children and Adolescents With Loss of Control Eating Symptoms.

Objective: Dysregulated eating is common among youth and is associated with trait-level negative affect and emotion regulation difficulties. Despite the transient nature of affect, momentary associations among affect and eating behavior are unclear, which limits development of more impactful treatment tools, such as "just-in-time" intervention approaches (JITAI). The current study (N = 62) drew from two ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies involving children and adolescents who endorsed loss of control (LOC) eating symptoms during a two-week assessment period.

Systematic Investigations of the Solid Solution Zr(V1-xAlx)2 Adopting the Laves Phase Structures.

Laves phases are an interesting field of research when it comes to structural chemistry and physical properties. Investigations of the ternary system Zr-V-Al showed, in contrast to the system Hf-V-Al, that no superstructures can be observed within the solid solution Zr(V1-xAlx)2. High values of x form aluminum rich phases that adopt the hexagonal MgZn2 type structure while low values of x lead to vanadium rich phases that adopt the cubic MgCu2 type.

The environmental neuroactive chemicals list of prioritized substances for human biomonitoring and neurotoxicity testing: A database and high-throughput toxicokinetics approach.

There is a diversity of chemicals to which humans are potentially exposed. Few of these chemicals have linked human biomonitoring data, and most have very limited neurotoxicity testing. Of particular concern are environmental exposures impacting children, who constitute a population of heightened susceptibility due to rapid neural growth and plasticity, yet lack biomonitoring data compared to other age/population subgroups.

Menstrual cycle related depressive symptoms and their diurnal fluctuations - an ambulatory assessment study.

Background: Reproductive mood disorders indicate that within-person variation in depressive symptoms across the menstrual cycle can be related to ovarian hormone changes. Until now, such cycle-related symptom changes have been measured once daily, even though depression research indicates systematic diurnal changes in symptoms. Further, previous research often focused on aggregated depression scores.

An inborn error of metabolism presenting with apparently isolated subacute neuropsychiatric symptoms in an adolescent.

We discuss a previously healthy adolescent male presenting with subacute neuropsychiatric issues, tremors, hyperreflexia, and hypertension. Laboratory studies revealed acute on chronic kidney disease. Additional investigations yielded a treatable late-onset inborn error of metabolism (IEM).

Saccharomyces Genome Database: Advances in Genome Annotation, Expanded Biochemical Pathways, and Other Key Enhancements.

Budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is the most extensively characterized eukaryotic model organism and has long been used to gain insight into the fundamentals of genetics, cellular biology, and the functions of specific genes and proteins. The Saccharomyces Genome Database (SGD) is a scientific resource that provides information about the genome and biology of S. cerevisiae.

A naturalistic assessment of the relationship between negative affect and loss of control eating over time following metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Disordered eating behavior has been linked to suboptimal weight outcomes following metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), thereby threatening the most efficacious treatment for severe obesity. While up to 40% of patients may experience loss of control (LOC) eating following MBS, mechanisms driving this behavior are not fully understood. Preliminary evidence suggests that high levels of negative affect (NA) in the moment prompt LOC eating post-MBS; however, it remains unclear whether this momentary relationship is stable or changes over the first several years following surgery.

Determination of limit of detection (LOD) for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) DNA.

The importance of cytomegalovirus in clinical practice remains and samples are monitored for CMV DNA titers to predict the development of disease. LAMP assays have gained increasing interest in the diagnosis of many pathogens since they do not require thermocycling, reduce the complexity of the required instrumentation as well as providing sensitivity and rapidity. So far, very few studies on CMV detection by LAMP have been reported in the literature and therefore the performance of LAMP CMV assays needs to be further characterized.

The Predictive Value of Time-Varying Noninvasive Scores on Long-Term Prognosis of NAFLD in South Korea.

Background: This study aimed to examine whether repeated measurements on noninvasive fibrosis scores during follow-up improve long-term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) outcome prediction.

Methods: A cohort study of 2,280 NAFLD patients diagnosed at the Seoul National University Hospital from 2001 to 2015 was conducted. Multivariable Cox regression models with baseline and designated time-point measurements of the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) were used to assess the association between these scores and overall mortality, liver-related outcomes, and cardiovascular events.

Checking out the unexplained: With age, children become increasingly skeptical of surprising claims.

When presented with surprising claims, older children investigate such claims more often than younger children. The present study tests whether older children (6-7-year-olds) are more skeptical than younger children (4-5-year-olds) about surprising claims that lack supporting evidence because they expect informants to provide evidence for them. To test this hypothesis, we presented 140 4-7-year-old children (47-96 months, 46.

Disordered eating behavior and dietary intake prior to metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Background: Disordered eating is a concern for patients seeking metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), but little is known about how these behaviors are reflected in typical dietary intake prior to surgery.

Objectives: This study examined the relationships between disordered eating behavior and the content and context of typical dietary intake among patients seeking MBS using an innovative combination of rigorous self-report and interview assessments.

Setting: Participants were recruited from two academic medical centers in the United States.

Association between longitudinal biomarkers and major adverse liver outcomes in patients with non-cirrhotic metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background And Aims: Noninvasive biomarkers provide prognostic information for the development of major adverse liver outcomes (MALOs) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but the predictive value of longitudinal biomarker measurements has not been evaluated. We assessed whether changes in biomarkers could predict incident MALO in MASLD.

Approach And Results: We analyzed a cohort of 1260 patients (71.

Power Analysis of Exposure Mixture Studies via Monte Carlo Simulations.

Estimating sample size and statistical power is an essential part of a good epidemiological study design. Closed-form formulas exist for simple hypothesis tests but not for advanced statistical methods designed for exposure mixture studies. Estimating power with Monte Carlo simulations is flexible and applicable to these methods.

Design of the FRESH-teen study: A randomized controlled trial evaluating an adapted emotion regulation weight loss program for adolescents with overweight or obesity and their parent.

Overweight and obesity affect >40% of adolescents. Family-based behavioral treatment (FBT) is the most efficacious behavioral treatment for weight management among youth and consists of nutrition and physical activity education, behavior change skills, and parent skills training. However, the efficacy of FBT decreases for youth as they get older.

Malpresentation and autism spectrum disorder in the study to explore early development.

Background: An infant's presentation at delivery may be an early indicator of developmental differences. Non-vertex presentation (malpresentation) complicates delivery and often leads to caesarean section, which has been associated with neurodevelopmental delays, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, malpresentation could be an early sign of an existing developmental problem that is also an upstream factor from caesarean delivery.

Longitudinal associations between urinary biomarkers of phthalates and replacements with novel in vivo measures of placental health.

Study Question: What is the longitudinal association between gestational phthalate exposure and in vivo placental outcomes?

Summary Answer: Phthalates were adversely associated with placental microvasculature, stiffness, and presence of calcification, with different metabolites associated with different outcomes.

What Is Known Already: Phthalate exposure is ubiquitous and implicated as a contributor to adverse pregnancy outcomes, possibly through impacts on the placenta.

Study Design, Size, Duration: A total of 303 women were recruited in early pregnancy and prospectively followed for up to eight visits across gestation in the Human Placenta and Phthalates study.

Synthesis, magnetic and NMR spectroscopic properties of the MAlPt series (M = Ca, Y, La-Nd, Sm-Er).

Following recent investigation in the ternary system Sr-Al-Pt led to the discovery of SrAlPt which crystallizes in the orthorhombic YNiSi type () structure. Interestingly, only two more aluminum representatives, CeAlPt and EuAlPt, have been reported to adopt this structure type. Therefore, we decided to investigate the existence range of compounds adopting the YNiSi type structure.

Urinary metabolite concentrations of phthalate and plasticizers in infancy and childhood in the UNC baby connectome project.

Introduction: Existing evidence suggests that exposure to phthalates is higher among younger age groups. However, limited knowledge exists on how phthalate exposure, as well as exposure to replacement plasticizers, di(isononyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) and di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate (DEHTP), change from infancy through early childhood.

Methods: Urine samples were collected across the first 5 years of life from typically developing infants and young children enrolled between 2017 and 2020 in the longitudinal UNC Baby Connectome Project.

What does visual snow look like? Quantification by matching a simulation.

The primary symptom of visual snow syndrome (VSS) is the unremitting perception of small, flickering dots covering the visual field. VSS is a serious but poorly understood condition that can interfere with daily tasks. Several studies have provided qualitative data about the appearance of visual snow, but methods to quantify the symptom are lacking.

Sex and gender differences in risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Women are at higher risk than men for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Comprehensive knowledge about these mechanisms is necessary to develop tailored, sex- and gender-sensitive preventive interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined sex-/gender-dependent risk factors, that is, risk factors with sex/gender differences in (a) vulnerability or (b) prevalence/severity, as well as sex-/gender-specific risk factors, that is, and (c) risk factors present in one sex/gender only.