Effect of flexor tendon tenotomy of the diabetic hammertoe on plantar pressure: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of flexor tendon tenotomy treatment of the diabetic hammertoe deformity on plantar pressure.

Research Design And Methods: The study was a substudy including participants from a randomized study on tenotomy treatment of diabetic hammertoes. This study was conducted between December 20, 2019 and June 22, 2021.

The effect of post-annealing on the performance of the CuZnSnS solar cells.

CuZnSnS (CZTS) solar cells commonly undergo post-annealing treatments to enhance their performance. However, multiple concurrent effects, including Cu-Zn disorder, Na diffusion from the back contact, CZTS grain boundary passivation, and elemental interdiffusion at the CdS/CZTS interface, can occur simultaneously during post-annealing, making it challenging to isolate their specific influence on device performance. To address this complexity, we have utilized Cu-Zn-disordered CZTS absorbers to eliminate the influence of Cu-Zn disorder in this study.

Effect of a Bladder Control Self-Management Program Delivered Through a Health Kiosk.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of delivering a bladder control self-management program through a multiuser health kiosk and to evaluate the program's effect on urinary incontinence (UI) and incontinence-specific quality of life (QoL).

Design: Secondary analysis of data collected during participants' interactions with the Bladder Control Module (BCM) from the parent study.

Subjects And Setting: One hundred eleven participants from the parent study were eligible to be included in this secondary analysis.

Accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring during exercise-related hypoglycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Background: Hypoglycemia is common in individuals with type 1 diabetes, especially during exercise. We investigated the accuracy of two different continuous glucose monitoring systems during exercise-related hypoglycemia in an experimental setting.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen individuals with type 1 diabetes participated in two separate euglycemic-hypoglycemic clamp days (Clamp-exercise and Clamp-rest) including five phases: 1) baseline euglycemia, 2) plasma glucose (PG) decline ± exercise, 3) 15-minute hypoglycemia ± exercise, 4) 45-minute hypoglycemia, and 5) recovery euglycemia.

Hemostatic Effects of Exercise-related Hypoglycemia in Male Persons With Type 1 Diabetes.

Context: People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at increased risk of thrombosis compared to the general population; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Hypoglycemia induced at rest can induce coagulation activation, but little is known about the hemostatic effects of exercise-related hypoglycemia in people with T1D.

Objective: We compared hemostatic profiles of individuals with T1D with healthy controls and explored hemostatic effects of hypoglycemia, induced with or without exercise, in participants with T1D.

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of once-weekly insulin icodec in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: To investigate the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of once-weekly insulin icodec in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Materials And Methods: In this randomized, open-label, two-period crossover trial, 66 individuals with T1D (age 18-64 years; glycated haemoglobin ≤75 mmol/mol [≤ 9%]) were to receive once-weekly icodec (8 weeks) and once-daily insulin glargine U100 (2 weeks) at individualized fixed equimolar total weekly doses established during up to 10 weeks' run-in with glargine U100 titrated to pre-breakfast plasma glucose (PG) of 4.4-7.

A Scoping Literature Review on Patient Education in Intermittent Catheterization.

Purpose: To summarize evidence related to (1) research studies examining patient/caregiver educational interventions related to intermittent self/caregiver catheterization (ISC), (2) studies examining issues related to teaching ISC, and (3) evidence-based clinical practice guidelines addressing ISC.

Problem: Avoiding lower urinary tract trauma during catheter insertion, adequate frequency of catheterization, and complete emptying of the bladder are essential to prevent and reduce complications associated with ISC. Consequently, proper patient/caregiver education is essential to achieving good outcomes.

Once-weekly insulin icodec versus once-daily insulin degludec as part of a basal-bolus regimen in individuals with type 1 diabetes (ONWARDS 6): a phase 3a, randomised, open-label, treat-to-target trial.

Background: ONWARDS 6 compared the efficacy and safety of once-weekly subcutaneous insulin icodec (icodec) and once-daily insulin degludec (degludec) in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: This 52-week (26-week main phase plus a 26-week safety extension), randomised, open-label, treat-to-target, phase 3a trial was done at 99 sites across 12 countries. Adults with type 1 diabetes (glycated haemoglobin [HbA] <10·0% [86 mmol/mol]) were randomly assigned (1:1) to once-weekly icodec or once-daily degludec, both in combination with insulin aspart (two or more daily injections).

Patient Education in Intermittent Catheterization: A Consensus Conference.

Despite recent advances in intermittent catheter features, evidence guiding how to best educate patients when beginning and continuing a program of intermittent catheterization remains sparse. To address this gap and guide best practice, a scoping review was conducted and a consensus panel of clinicians and researchers with expertise in intermittent catheterization was convened in person during December 2022 in Austin, Texas, to develop evidence and consensus-based statements guiding instruction of patients beginning intermittent self or assisted catheterization. This article describes the 15 consensus-based statements that can be used to guide best practice in patient education on intermittent catheterization.

Simultaneous inhibition of DNA-PK and Polϴ improves integration efficiency and precision of genome editing.

Genome editing, specifically CRISPR/Cas9 technology, has revolutionized biomedical research and offers potential cures for genetic diseases. Despite rapid progress, low efficiency of targeted DNA integration and generation of unintended mutations represent major limitations for genome editing applications caused by the interplay with DNA double-strand break repair pathways. To address this, we conduct a large-scale compound library screen to identify targets for enhancing targeted genome insertions.

Impact of lifestyle-based interventions on absolute cardiovascular disease risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The objective of the review was to synthesize the evidence of the effectiveness of lifestyle-based interventions for mitigating absolute cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

Introduction: Evidence-based guidelines recommend employing an absolute CVD risk score to inform the selection and intensity of preventive interventions. However, studies employing this strategy have reported mixed results, hence the need for a systematic review of the current evidence.

Glycaemia and cardiac arrhythmias in people with type 1 diabetes: A prospective observational study.

Aim: To investigate the impact of hypoglycaemia, hyperglycaemia and glycaemic variability on arrhythmia susceptibility in people with type 1 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: Thirty adults with type 1 diabetes were included in a 12-month observational exploratory study. Daytime and night-time incident rate ratios (IRRs) of arrhythmias were determined for hypoglycaemia (interstitial glucose [IG] <3.

Sustained heart rate-corrected QT prolongation during recovery from hypoglycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes, independently of recovery to hyperglycaemia or euglycaemia.

Aim: To investigate changes in cardiac repolarization abnormalities (heart rate-corrected QT [QT ] [primary endpoint], T-wave abnormalities) and heart-rate variability measures in people with type 1 diabetes during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia followed by recovery hyperglycaemia versus euglycaemia.

Methods: In a randomized crossover study, 24 individuals with type 1 diabetes underwent two experimental clamps with three steady-state phases during electrocardiographic monitoring: (1) a 45-minute euglycaemic phase (5-8 mmol/L), (2) a 60-minute insulin-induced hypoglycaemic phase (2.5 mmol/L), and (3) 60-minute recovery in either hyperglycaemia (20 mmol/L) or euglycaemia (5-8 mmol/L).

Exercise-related hypoglycaemia induces QTc-interval prolongation in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: To investigate changes in cardiac repolarisation during exercise-related hypoglycaemia compared to hypoglycaemia induced at rest in people with type 1 diabetes.

Material And Methods: In a randomised crossover study, 15 men with type 1 diabetes underwent two separate hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic-hypoglycaemic clamp experiments during Holter-ECG monitoring. One experiment included a bout of moderate-intensity cycling exercise (60 min) along with declining plasma glucose (PG; Clamp-exercise).

Shift work organization on nurse injuries: A scoping review.

Background: Extended work hours and shift work can result in mistimed sleep, excessive sleepiness, and fatigue, which affects concentration and cognition. Impaired concentration and cognition negatively affect employee safety.

Objective: To examine the evidence of the impact of shift work organization, specifically work hours and scheduling, on nurse injuries including needlestick and sharps injuries, drowsy driving and motor vehicle crashes, and work-related accidents causing a near miss or actual injury to the nurse.

Flexor Tendon Tenotomy Treatment of the Diabetic Foot: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of needle flexor tendon tenotomy treatment of the diabetic hammertoe deformity.

Research Design And Methods: A multicenter randomized controlled trial of individuals with diabetes and ulcers or impending ulcers associated with hammertoes was performed between 1 November 2019 and 31 March 2021. Participants were stratified by the presence of ulcers or impending ulcers.

Novel topical allogeneic bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell treatment of hard-to-heal diabetic foot ulcers: a proof of concept study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate safety of treating diabetic foot ulcers with a topically administered mesenchymal stem cell product.

Method: Individuals with diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, toe blood pressure > 39 mmHg and non-infected foot ulcers with duration of four to fifty-two weeks were screened. Participants were treated with a one-time application of a topically applied allogeneic cellular product containing CD362 enriched mesenchymal stem cells suspended in a collagen solution.

A facile strategy for the growth of high-quality tungsten disulfide crystals mediated by oxygen-deficient oxide precursors.

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has been established as a versatile route for the large-scale synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenides, such as tungsten disulfide (WS). Yet, the precursor composition's role on the CVD process remains largely unknown and remains to be explored. Here, we employ Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) in a two-stage approach to tune the oxygen content in the tungsten oxide (WO) precursors and demonstrate the presence of oxygen vacancies in the oxide films leads to a more facile conversion from WO to WS.

Hypoglycaemia and rebound hyperglycaemia increase left ventricular systolic function in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To investigate echocardiographic changes during acute hypoglycaemia followed by recovery to hyperglycaemia or euglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: In a randomized crossover study, 24 patients with type 1 diabetes took part in two experimental study days, consisting of a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic phase (5.0-8.

"One-time interventions, it doesn't lead to much" - healthcare provider views to improving sexual and reproductive health services for young migrants in Sweden.

Background: Sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) is an important aspect for young people. In Sweden, young migrants often encounter barriers to accessing and using sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services, despite that these services are free of charge for young people (ages 15-25). Healthcare providers' views and best practices are of great importance for improving the utilisation of existing SRH services, particularly for young people.

Gettering in PolySi/SiO Passivating Contacts Enables Si-Based Tandem Solar Cells with High Thermal and Contamination Resilience.

Multijunction solar cells in a tandem configuration could further lower the costs of electricity if crystalline Si (c-Si) is used as the bottom cell. However, for direct monolithic integration on c-Si, only a restricted number of top and bottom cell architectures are compatible, due to either epitaxy or high-temperature constraints, where the interface between subcells is subject to a trade-off between transmittance, electrical interconnection, and bottom cell degradation. Using polySi/SiO passivating contacts for Si, this degradation can be largely circumvented by tuning the polySi/SiO stacks to promote gettering of contaminants admitted into the Si bottom cell during the top cell synthesis.

G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR35 Suppresses Lipid Accumulation in Hepatocytes.

Although prevalent, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is not currently treated effectively with medicines. Initially, using wild-type and genome-edited clones of the human hepatocyte cell line HepG2, we show that activation of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35 is both able and sufficient to block liver X-receptor-mediated lipid accumulation. Studies on hepatocytes isolated from both wild-type and GPR35 knock-out mice were consistent with a similar effect of GPR35 agonists in these cells, but because of marked differences in the pharmacology of GPR35 agonists and antagonists at the mouse and human orthologues, as well as elevated basal lipid levels in hepatocytes from the GPR35 knock-out mice, no definitive conclusion could be reached.

The clinical course and mortality of persons with diabetic Charcot foot.

Introduction: The aim was to study the mortality and the clinical course of diabetic Charcot foot.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study including all persons with diabetes and a Charcot diagnosis from 2000 to 2016.

Results: In the mortality sub-study, 164 persons had the Charcot diagnosis, 52 (31.

Adherence to and persistence with antidiabetic medications and associations with clinical and economic outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic literature review.

We designed a systematic literature review to identify available evidence on adherence to and persistence with antidiabetic medication in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Electronic screening and congress searches identified real-world noninterventional studies (published between 2010 and October 2020) reporting estimates of adherence to and persistence with antidiabetic medication in adults with T2D, and associations with glycaemic control, microvascular and/or macrovascular complications, hospitalizations and healthcare costs. Ninety-two relevant studies were identified, the majority of which were retrospective and reported US data.